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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2020799
METHOD OF GROWING tomato seedlings
Name of the inventor: Sharupich VP
The name of the patentee: Small enterprise "Patent" All-Union Central Research and Design Institute "Giproniselprom"
Address for correspondence:
Starting date of the patent: 1991.10.10
Use: agriculture and biotechnology, in particular in growing tomatoes on multilevel narrowshelving hydroponic plants. The inventive seedlings of tomato grown by sowing seeds, plant care, with the appearance of the third true leaf spend pinched out the tops and the transfer of 38 to 40-day seedlings to a permanent place, why spend the selection of plants having on 3 side shoots with five leaves on each, on one flower paintbrush on two and two brushes - the third escape. Before transferring to a permanent place of side shoots pinch out the tops.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to methods for growing plants, particularly to methods in hydroponic cultivation of tomato plants, namely by tiered narrowshelving hydroponics.
There is a method of cultivation of tomato seedlings, including planting, care of plants, the subsequent transfer of the plant on a constant growth. The method comprises the further formation cenosis one stalk. Yields in growing tomato varieties "Flame" by this method in the greenhouse is about 25 kg / m 2 per year.
Development of a method of multistoried narrowshelving hydroponics, hydroponic plants creation in the form of triangular prisms mounted with trays for growing plants can increase the yield of tomatoes. In particular, the cultivation of varieties of tomatoes "Flame" allows you to get such plants yield up to 100-250 kg / m 2 per year.
The aim is to provide a method of growing seedlings of tomato, in particular, to multi-tiered narrowshelving hydroponic plants, which would allow to increase the yield of tomatoes.
In the method of growing seedlings of tomato, in particular, to multi-tiered narrowshelving hydroponic plants, which includes planting, caring for plants, the subsequent transfer of the plant to a permanent place of growth, according to the invention, in the care of the plants after the onset of the third true leaf effect pinched out the tops, and the permanent transfer place performed on 38-40 days after germination, the plants used to carry with three to five side shoots each leaf, flower on one hand to two of them and the third two brushes.
Before transferring the plants should preferably be pinched out the tops of side shoots.
Nipping the tops of plants after the onset of the third true leaf, nipping the tops of side shoots allows technical effect consisting in branching plants for later giving it the desired shape, providing maximum utilization of the greenhouse, even lighting plant areas, the intensification of the production process, druzhnost ripening, the maximum yield , uniformity of fruit, the application of machine cleaning.
Formation of the required number of leaves (above) and brushes on the shoots of certain plant allows us to give the most compact form that provides uniform illumination of its parts.
In addition, the above features permit to achieve a technical effect, specific for the cultivation of tomatoes in multi narrowshelving hydroponic installations, consisting in minimizing the effect of nonuniform magnetic fields on plants.
In the proposed method produced culling plants 38-40 days after emergence. Plants having this time, three to five side shoots each leaf, flower on one hand to two of them and two third brush, was transferred for permanent growth. The remaining plants shall be rejected.
The method illustrated FIG. 1-3.
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FIG. 1, a tomato plant 1 is shown, having two roots, two cotyledonary sheet 3, these three sheets 4, 5 and 6. When the tip of the last 3 pinch.
FIG. 1b shows a further development of the plant. It appear side shoots, respectively, 8, 9 and 10.
FIG. 2 shows a further development of the plant. Reference numerals 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 respectively show first, second, third, fourth and fifth sheets of the first lateral escape, numerals 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20 - respectively, the first, second, third, fourth and fifth sheets of the second side escape, positions 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25 - respectively first, second, third, fourth and fifth sheets of the third side escape.
The plant contains a visible brush 26 of the first side shoots, the brush 27 of the second lateral shoots and brushes 28 and 29, the third side escape. Positions 30, 31 and 32 are designated tops of the shoots after pinching. At this stage, the plants produce rejection.
FIG. 3 shows the tomato plant, subject to rejection. At 38-40 days after emergence, it contains, in addition to the above FIG. 2, and the leaves 33 and 34, the third side escape.
example 1
Growing seedlings, seedlings and adult plants of tomato on a multi-tiered narrowshelving hydroponic plants, carried out in the greenhouse of block type with a span of 6.4 m, equipped with a special automated mortar units with differentiated regulation of concentration and acidity of the working solution, irradiators such as OT-200, OT-300, OT-600 with lamps DRI-200-6, DMP-3000, MPD-3000, MPD-6000 is used as a part of irradiation facilities "Light" 3-3000, 2-3000-1 Worth, UORT1-6000, UORT3-3000 . Hydroponic install base were 0.9-1.4 m, height 2.0 m.
The pots for growing plants installed in trays mounted on girders hydroponic plants, planted the seeds of tomato varieties "Flame". When the third true leaf plants pinch out the tops. On the 38th day after emergence selected plants having five leaves on each of the three lateral shoots, one hand two lateral branches and two brushes - third. The tops of side shoots pinch out the plant and transferred to permanent growth. The rest of the plants were removed.
The selected seedling was grown further as follows: by the end of the first decade after the selection of seedlings cleaned cotyledonary leaves, and the first, second and third true leaves, at the end of the second decade of the first leaves removed all side shoots and a third sheet of side shoots with both hands. On plants are formed side shoots with one leaf from the axils of the leaves removed. By the end of the third decade was formed 7-8 fruits on each of the four hands. By the end of the fourth decade sixth leaf appeared on one of the three lateral shoots. By the end of the fifth decade of the second removed the leaves on all the lateral shoots, the third sheet on the side escape with six leaves. On escaping with six leaves appeared seventh leaf. Sixth sheet formed on one of two sprouts with five leaves. Each of the brushes removed for the first three fruit. By the end of the sixth decade of remaining cleaned fruits and completed the cycle of cultivation.
The results are shown in the table.
example 2-15
Growing tomato seedlings produced in Example 1, but changed seedling selection time, planting density, and others.
The results are summarized in the table.
example 16
Growing tomato seedlings produced from the formation cenosis one stalk in the greenhouses in the traditional way without the use of hydroponics. Productivity cenosis 25 kg / m 2 per year.
example 17
Growing tomato seedlings and the further cultivation of plants produced from the formation cenosis one stalk, but the cultivation of plants produced in multi narrowshelving hydroponic plants mentioned in Example 1. The productivity cenosis 250 kg / m 2 per year.
Thus, the proposed method allows to increase the yield of tomatoes to 450-1620 kg / m 2 per year.
CLAIM
1. METHOD OF GROWING tomato seedlings primarily on multilevel narrowshelving hydroponic plants, including planting, care of plants, the subsequent transfer of the plant to a permanent place of growth, characterized in that the care of the plants after the onset of the third true leaf spend pinched out the tops, and transfer to a permanent place performed at 38 - 40 days after germination, the plants used to carry with three to five side shoots each leaf, flower on one hand to two of them and two brushes - third.
2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that before transferring the plants produce suckers pinched tops.
print version
Publication date 08.03.2007gg
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