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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2020801
METHOD seedlings TOMATO
Name of the inventor: Tverdohlebov VA .; Sharupich VP .; Sharupich TS
The name of the patentee: Small enterprise "Patent" All-Union Central Research and Design Institute "Giproniselprom"
Address for correspondence:
Starting date of the patent: 1991.10.10
Use: agriculture and biotechnology, especially when grown in multistoried narrowshelving hydroponic plants. The inventive method consists of sowing seeds, in the subsequent care of the plants in which the conduct pinched out the tops of the plants after the appearance of the two cotyledons, and for picking for 18-20 minutes a day using a plant having two side shoots with one leaf on each .
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to methods for growing plants, particularly to methods in hydroponic cultivation of tomato plants, namely by tiered narrowshelving hydroponics.
There is a method of growing seedlings of tomato, including planting, care of plants and picks by 18-20 days after emergence. The method comprises the further formation cenosis one stalk. Yields in growing tomato varieties "Flame" by this method in the greenhouse is about 25 kg / m 2 per year.
Development of a method of multistoried narrowshelving hydroponics, hydroponic plants creation in the form of triangular prisms with reinforced trays on them for growing plants can increase the yield of tomatoes. In particular, the cultivation of varieties of tomatoes "Flame" allows you to get such plants yield up to 100-250 kg / m 2 per year.
The aim is to provide a method of growing seedlings of tomato, in particular multilevel narrowshelving hydroponic plants, which would allow to increase the yield of tomatoes.
In the process of growing the seedlings of tomato, in particular multilevel narrowshelving hydroponic plants, which includes planting, caring for plants and picks by 18-20 days after emergence, according to the invention, in the care of the plants after the appearance of the two cotyledons spend pinched out the tops of the plants, and used for picking plant having two side shoots with one leaf each.
Nipping the tops of the plants after the appearance of the two cotyledons allows for branching of plants for later giving it the desired shape, providing maximum utilization of the greenhouse, even lighting plant areas, the intensification of the production process, druzhnost ripening, maximum yield, uniformity of fruit, the application of machine cleaning.
Furthermore, the tops of plants calking after the first two side shoots achieves the technical effect, specific for the cultivation of tomatoes in multi narrowshelving hydroponic installations, consisting in minimizing the effect of nonuniform magnetic fields on plants.
In the proposed method produces selection (culling) of plants for 18-20 days after emergence. Plants having by this time the two side shoots with one leaf on each leave for further cultivation and produce them from the pick pots of 50 cm 3 volume of 800 cm pots 3, and the rest discarded.
The method illustrated FIG. 1-3.
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FIG. 1 shows a tomato plant 1 having the root of 2, two cotyledons 3. When the top of the last 4 pinch.
FIG. 2 shows a further development of the tomato plants. It appears the first two lateral escape 5 and 6, each of which has one leaf - respectively 7 and 8. In this step, selection of plants to produce further pick and the pick.
FIG. 3 shows the tomato plant, subject to rejection. At 18-20 days after emergence, it includes three side shoots 5, 6 and 9. The top of the plant is designated 10.
Example 1. Growing seedlings, seedlings and adult plants of tomato on a multi-tiered narrowshelving hydroponic plants, carried out in the greenhouse of block type with a span of 6.4 m, equipped with a special automated mortar units and differential regulation of concentration and acidity of the working solution, irradiators such as OT-200, OT-300, OT-600 with lamps DRI-2000-6, DMZ-3000, DM4-3000, DM4-6000 used as part of irradiators "Light" 3-3000, UORTU2-3000-1, UORT1-6000, UORT3-3000. Hydroponic install base were 0.9-1.4 m, height 2.0 m.
The pots for growing plants installed in trays mounted on girders hydroponic plants, planted the seeds of tomato varieties "Flame". After the two cotyledons produced pinched out the tops of plants. On the 18th day after emergence to pick and further growing the seedlings are selected, each of which has two side shoots, each of the latter has only one sheet. Seedlings that do not meet this condition is removed.
Selected seedlings diving, and grow further to form the architecture of cenosis two stem. Planting density of 30 plants / m 2, the turnover duration of 40 days, the number of turns per year - 9. Productivity cenosis 540 kg / m 2 per year.
Example 2. Growing tomato seedlings produced in Example 1, but the seedlings were taken on the 20th day after emergence. Productivity cenosis 720 kg / m 2 per year.
Example 3. Growing seedlings and tomatoes produced in greenhouses in the traditional way without the use of hydroponics. Productivity cenosis 25 kg / m 2 per year.
Example 4. Growing seedlings of tomatoes and further growing plants produced by a known method to form a cenosis one stalk, but the cultivation of plants to produce multilevel narrowshelving settings specified in Example 1. The productivity cenosis 250 kg / m 2 per year.
Thus, the proposed method allows to increase the yield of tomatoes to 540-720 kg / m 2 per year.
CLAIM
METHOD seedlings TOMATO mainly on multilevel narrowshelving hydroponic plants, including planting, care of plants and the pick 18 - 20 days after emergence, characterized in that the care of the plants after the appearance of the two cotyledons spend pinched out the tops of the plants, and for picking use plants having two side shoots with one leaf each.
print version
Publication date 08.03.2007gg
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