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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2020802

METHOD OF GROWING TOMATOES

METHOD OF GROWING TOMATOES

Name of the inventor: Sharupich VP
The name of the patentee: Small enterprise "Patent" All-Union Central Research and Design Institute "Giproniselprom"
Address for correspondence:
Starting date of the patent: 1991.10.10

Use: agriculture and biotechnology, in particular in growing tomato plants in the hydroponic plants. The inventive tomato plants were grown by transplanting having cotyledonary leaves, the three true leafs and three side shoots with five leaves on each, on one flower paintbrush on two and two brushes - the third escape. During the care of plants is carried pinched out the tops of side shoots, by the end of the first decade after transplanting removed cotyledonary and three true leaves, the end of the second decade removed first leaves of lateral shoots and the third sheet of side shoots, which has 2 floral brush, after which the plants are grown before ripening lateral shoots with one leaf from the axils of the leaves removed, 7-8 mi fruits flower on each hand and six sheets of one of the three lateral shoots, the end of the fifth decade of the second removed the leaves on all the lateral shoots, the third sheet to escape with six leaves and grow until the escape of this seventh and sixth leaf sheet on one of the two shoots with five leaves, while at the end of the fifth decade begin harvesting and complete it by the end of the sixth decade.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to methods for growing plants, particularly to methods in hydroponic cultivation of tomato plants, namely by tiered narrowshelving hydroponics.

There is a method of growing tomato plants, including transplanting, plant care and harvesting. The method comprises forming one cenosis stem. Yields for growing tomato varieties "Flame" in the greenhouses by this method is about 25 kg / m 2 per year.

Development of a method of multistoried narrowshelving hydroponics, hydroponic plants creation in the form of triangular prisms mounted with trays for growing plants can increase the yield of tomatoes. In particular, the cultivation of varieties of tomatoes "Flame" allows you to such facilities in a manner to obtain the yield of 100-250 kg / m 2 per year.

The task of creating a method of growing plants of tomato, in particular, to multi-tiered narrowshelving hydroponic plants, which would allow to increase the yield of tomatoes.

In the process of growing tomato plants, comprising transplanting, plant care and harvesting according to the invention is used as seedlings seedling age 38-40 days, having cotyledonary leaves, the three true leafs and three side shoots with five leaves on each, according one flower paintbrush on two of them and two brush on the third, with the care of plants is carried out by producing a clothespin tops of side shoots, removing the end of the first decade after transplanting cotyledonary leaves, and the first, second and third true leaves, at the end of the second Removes the first decade of the leaves of all side shoots and a third sheet of side shoots with both hands, the plants are grown to the formation of lateral shoots with one leaf from the axils of leaves removed, 7-8 fruits on each of the four hands and six sheets of one of the three lateral shoots to the end of the fifth decade removed a second sheet on all lateral shoots, the third sheet to the lateral escape of six leaves, grow plants until the escape of six leaves of the seventh sheet and the sixth sheet on one of the two shoots with five leaves at the end of the fifth decade begin harvesting and complete it by the end of the sixth decade.

Selection of seedlings of some form, clothespin tops of side shoots allows technical effect consisting in branching of the plant until further give it the desired shape, providing maximum utilization of the greenhouse, even lighting plant areas, the intensification of the production process, druzhnost ripening, maximum yield, uniformity of fruit, the possibility of using the machine cleaning.

Formation of the required number of leaves (above) and brushes on the shoots of certain plant allows us to give the most compact form that provides uniform illumination of its parts.

Removing leaves mentioned above allows for any arrangement of light sources provide the best, most uniform illumination plant sites.

In addition, the signs mentioned above can achieve a technical effect, specific for the cultivation of tomatoes in multi narrowshelving hydroponic plants, consisting in miniminizatsii influence of inhomogeneous magnetic fields on plants.

The method is explained in Figures 1-8.

METHOD OF GROWING TOMATOES METHOD OF GROWING TOMATOES METHOD OF GROWING TOMATOES METHOD OF GROWING TOMATOES

In Figure 1, a tomato plant 1 is shown, having two roots, two cotyledonary sheet 3, these three sheets 4, 5 and 6. When the tip of the last 7 zachekanivayut.

FIG. 1b shows a further development of the plant. It appear side shoots, respectively, 8, 9 and 10.

2 shows a further development of the plant. Positions 11,12, 13, 14 and 15 respectively show first, second, third, fourth and fifth sheets of the first lateral escape, numerals 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20 - respectively, the first, second, third, fourth and fifth sheets of the second side escape, positions 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25 - respectively first, second, third, fourth and fifth sheets of the third side escape. The plant contains a visible brush 26 of the first side shoots, the brush 27 of the second lateral shoots and brushes 28 and 29, the third side escape. At this stage, the selection of produce seedlings for the implementation of the proposed method. Positions 30, 31 and 32 are designated tops of the shoots after pinching.

FIG. 3 shows a view of the plant by the end of the first ten days after transplanting. Removed cotyledonary leaves 3 and 4 and the first, second and third 5 6 true leaves.

FIG. 4 shows a view of the plant by the end of the second decade after transplanting. Remove the first page of the first, second and third lateral shoots, respectively 11, 16, 21 and 23 and the third sheet of side shoots with both hands. appeared side shoots from the axils of the leaves removed, respectively 33, 34 and 35.

5 shows a view of the plant by the end of the third decade. On each of the four brushes appeared with 7-8 fruits.

FIG. 6 is a view of the plant by the end of the fourth decade. On the first side shoot formed the sixth sheet 37.

7 shows a view of the plant by the end of the fifth decade. Removed the second sheet (12, 22 and 17) on each of the side shoots. On the first side shoot is removed a second sheet 13 and formed the seventh sheet 38. The third side shoot appeared sixth sheet 39. Each of the brushes removed the first three of the fetus.

8 shows a view of the plant by the end of the sixth decade. All fruits are removed.

Example 1. Growing seedlings, seedlings and adult plants of tomato on a multi-tiered narrowshelving hydroponic installations carried out in the greenhouse of block type with a span of 6.4 m, equipped with a special automated mortar units with differentiated regulation of concentration and acidity of the working solution, irradiators such as OT-200, OT-300, OT -600 lamps DRI-200-6, DM3-3000, DM4-3000, DM4-600 applied as part of irradiators "Light" 3-3000, UORTU2-3000-1, UORT1-6000, UORT3-3000. Hydroponic install base were 0.9-1.4 m, height 2.0 m.

The pots for growing plants installed in trays mounted on girders hydroponic plants, planted the seeds of tomato varieties "Flame". When the third true leaf plants pinch out the tops. On the 38th day after emergence selected plants having five leaves on each of the three lateral shoots, one hand two lateral branches and two brushes - third. The tops of side shoots pinch. The rest of the plants were removed.

The selected seedling was grown further as follows: by the end of the first decade after the selection of seedlings cotyledonary leaves were removed, and the first, second and third true leaves, at the end of the second decade of the first leaves removed all side shoots and a third sheet of side shoots with both hands. On plants formed side shoots with one leaf from the axils of the leaves removed. By the end of the third decade was formed 7-8 fruits on each of the four hands. By the end of the fourth decade sixth sheet formed on one of the three lateral shoots. By the end of the fifth decade of the second removed the leaves on all the lateral shoots, the third sheet on the side escape with six leaves. On escaping with six leaves formed sheet seventh and sixth sheet on one of the two shoots with five leaves. Each of the brushes removed for the first three fruit. By the end of the sixth decade of remaining cleaned fruits and completed the cycle of cultivation.

Examples 2-15. The cultivation of tomatoes produced in Example 1 was changed but the selection of seedlings, planting density, and others. The results are shown in the table.

Example 16. Growing tomato plants produced by a known method to form a cenosis one stalk, but the cultivation of plants to produce multilevel narrowshelving hydroponic plants mentioned in Example 1. cenosis Productivity - 250 kg / m 2 per year.

Thus, the proposed method allows to increase the yield of tomatoes to 1620 kg / m 2 per year.

CLAIM

METHOD OF GROWING TOMATOES mainly on multilevel narrowshelving hydroponic plants, including transplanting, plant care and harvesting, characterized in that the seedling age 38-40 days, having cotyledonary leaves, the three true leafs and three side shoots with five leaves on each, on one flower paintbrush on two of them and two brushes - in the third, with the care of plants is carried out by producing pinched out the tops of side shoots, removing the end of the first decade after transplanting cotyledonary leaves, and the first, second and third true leaves, to the end of the second decade removed first leaves of lateral shoots and the third sheet of side shoots with both hands, grow plants to form lateral shoots with one leaf from the axils of removing leaves seven or eight fruits on each of the four hands and six sheets of one of the three lateral shoots the end of the fifth decade was removed a second sheet on all lateral shoots, the third sheet to the lateral escape of six leaves grown plants until the escape of six leaves seventh sheet and the sixth sheet in one of two sprouts with five leaves, while at the end of the fifth decades are beginning to harvest and complete it by the end of the sixth decade.

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Publication date 08.03.2007gg