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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2025955
METHOD seedlings TOMATO
Name of the inventor: Sharupich VP .; Sharupich TS
The name of the patentee: Small enterprise "Patent" All-Union Central Research and Design Institute "Giproniselprom"
Address for correspondence:
Starting date of the patent: 1991.10.10
Use: agriculture and biotechnology, in particular for the cultivation of plants in multistoried narrowshelving hydroponic plants. The inventive method comprises planting seeds, caring for seedlings and the pick 18 - 20 days after emergence. At the same time after the regrowth of the third true leaf effect pinched out the tops of the plants, and to use the pick plants having on 3 side shoots.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to methods of growing plants, particularly, to methods of growing tomatoes in hydroponic plants, a method of multistoried narrowshelving hydroponics.
There is a method of growing seedlings of tomato, including planting, care of plants and picks by 18-20 days after emergence.
The method comprises the further formation cenosis one stalk. Yields in growing tomato varieties "Flame" by this method in the greenhouse is about 25 kg / m 2 per year.
Development of a method of multistoried narrowshelving hydroponics, hydroponic plants creation in the form of triangular prisms with reinforced trays on them for growing plants can increase the yield of tomatoes. In particular, the cultivation of varieties of tomatoes "Flame" allows you to get such plants yield up to 100-250 kg / m 2 per year.
The task - to provide a method of growing seedlings of tomato, in particular, to multi-tiered narrowshelving hydroponic plants, which would allow to increase the yield of tomatoes.
In the process of growing the seedlings of tomato, in particular, to multi-tiered narrowshelving hydroponic plants, which includes planting, caring for plants and picks by 18-20 days after emergence, according to the invention, in the care of the plants after the onset of the third true leaf plants spend pinched out tops and used for picking plants having three side shoots.
Nipping the tops of the plants after the onset of the third true leaf allows a technical effect consisting in branching of plants for later giving it the desired shape, providing maximum utilization of the greenhouse, even lighting plant areas, the intensification of the production process, druzhnost ripening, maximum yield, uniformity of fruit, the opportunity the use of machine cleaning.
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Furthermore, the tops of plants calking after the first two side shoots achieves the technical effect, specific for the cultivation of tomatoes in multi narrowshelving hydroponic installations, consisting in minimizing the effect of nonuniform magnetic fields on plants. In the proposed method produces selection (culling) of plants for 18-20 days after emergence. Plants having by this time three side shoots, leaves for further cultivation and produce their picks from the pots of 50 cm 3 in volume pots of 800 cm 3, and the rest discarded. The method illustrated by a drawing, where a - is shown in Figure 1, a tomato plant having a root 2, two cotyledonary leaf 3, three true leaves 4,5 and 6. When the last pinch tip 7; b - a further development of the plant, it appears lateral shoots 10 and 8.9, respectively, at this stage produce a selection of plants for further picking and picks; in - tomato plant, subject to rejection. At 18-20 days after emergence, it has four true leaves 4,5,6 and 11. |
Example 1. Growing seedlings, seedlings and adult plants of tomato on multilevel narrowshelving hydroponic plants described in the USSR Patent N 1785415, cl. A 01 G 31/02, 1990 was carried out in the greenhouse of block type with a span of 6.4 m, equipped with a special automated mortar units with differentiated regulation of concentration and acidity of the working solution, irradiators such as OT-200, OT-300, OT-600 with lamps DRI-2000-6, DM3-3000, DM4-3000, DM4-6000 used as part of irradiators "Light" 3-3000, UORTU2-3000-1, UORTS-6000, UORT3-3000. Hydroponic install base were 0.9-1.4 m, height 2.0 m.
The pots for growing plants installed in trays mounted on girders, hydroponic plants, planted the seeds of varieties of tomato "Flame". When the third true leaf plants pinch out the tops. On the 18th day after emergence to pick and further growing the seedlings were selected, each of which has three true leafs and three side shoots. Seedlings that do not meet this condition was removed.
Selected seedlings dived and grown further as follows: plants were grown until a fifth sheet and visible brush on the first, second and third lateral shoots and the formation of a visible second hand on one of the three lateral shoots. Then pinch the tops of side shoots, seedlings selected for further cultivation was carried out at 38-40 days after emergence. By the end of the first decade after the selection of seedlings cleaned cotyledonary leaves, and the first, second and third true leaves, at the end of the second decade of the first leaves removed all side shoots and a third sheet of side shoots with both hands. On plants formed side shoots with one leaf from the axils of the leaves removed. By the end of the fifth decade of the second removed the leaves on all the lateral shoots, the third sheet on the side escape with six leaves. On shoots with six leaves formed the seventh leaf. On one of the two shoots with five leaves formed the sixth sheet. Each of the brushes removed for the first three fruit. By the end of the sixth decade of remaining cleaned fruits and completed the cycle of cultivation.
The results are placed in the table.
Examples 2-15. Growing tomatoes produced in Example 1, but changed the time of selection of seedlings, planting density, and others.
Example 16. Growing tomato seedlings produced by (1) in greenhouses in the traditional way without the use of hydroponics. Productivity cenosis 25 kg / m 2 per year.
Example 17. Growing seedlings of tomatoes and further cultivation of plants produced from the formation cenosis one stalk, but the cultivation of plants to produce multilevel narrowshelving hydroponic plants mentioned in Example 1. The productivity cenosis 250 kg / m 2 per year.
Thus, the proposed method allows to increase the yield of tomatoes to 450-1620 kg / m 2 per year.
CLAIM
METHOD seedlings TOMATO mainly on multilevel narrowshelving installations, including planting, care of plants and the pick 18 - 20 days after emergence, characterized in that the care of the plants after the onset of the third true leaf effect pinched out the tops of the plants and use plants for picking having three side shoots.
print version
Publication date 08.03.2007gg
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