Start of section
Production, amateur
Radio amateurs
Aircraft model, rocket-model
Useful, entertaining 		Stealth Master
Electronics
Physics
Technologies
Inventions 		Secrets of the cosmos
Secrets of the Earth
Secrets of the Ocean
Tricks
Map of section
Start
Forum
Use of the site materials is allowed subject to the link (for websites - hyperlinks)

Navigation: =>

Home / Patent catalog / Catalog section / Back /

DEVICES, COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS OF INCREASING VICINITY AND CROP PRODUCTIVITY OF VEGETABLE CROPS
INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2092547

METHOD OF ACTIVATION OF MICROBIOLOGICAL PROCESSES, GROWTH OF PLANTS AND CELLS OF PLANTS

METHOD OF ACTIVATION OF MICROBIOLOGICAL PROCESSES,
GROWTH OF PLANTS AND CELLS OF PLANTS

The name of the inventor: Vinarov A.Yu .; Ipatova TV; Mirskova A.N .; Levkovskaya G.G.
The name of the patent holder: State Research Institute of Biosynthesis of Protein Substances
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 1995.01.11

Use: microbiological industry, agriculture - plant growing. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: A method for activating microbiological growth processes of plants and plant cells involves introducing an activator into a medium for growing microorganisms or plant cells, a mixture of three chemical compounds belonging to the group of ammonium salts of arylacetic acids of general formula C 6 H 4 R 1 · R 2 C 2 H 2 O 2 · NH · C 6 H 15 O 3 , where R 1 = H, Cl, CH 3 ; R 2 = -O, -S, -SO 2 , taken in a ratio of 1-10: 1-10: 1-10 with a total amount of the mixture of 1.0 × 10 -10 -1.0 × 10 -1 g, based on 1 g of produced or processed biomass. This activator can be used to treat soil or plants during the growing season.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(EN) The invention relates to biotechnology areas using microbiological processes occurring in the presence of active microbial cells, and processes of plant cell biomass accumulation in vitro. It can also be used in plant growing to accelerate the ripening of plant fruits and increase yields.

As is known, the main disadvantage of both microbiological processes and the processes of accumulation of plant tissues is their relatively (with chemical processes) a small rate of percolation in time. This fact explains the development of numerous ways to activate these processes with the use of various additives, stimulants, activators, increasing their speed. As stimulants, individual substances of a variety of nature can be used, for example, such as vitamins, amino acids, carboxylic acids, trace elements, surfactants, purine or pyrimidine bases, and the like. And mixtures of complex composition.

Thus, the method for growing yeast of the genera Pichia, Saccharomyces, Zygosaccharomyces, Candida and Torulopsis is known on media with hydrocarbons, alcohols or organic acids in which a culture liquid obtained after the cultivation of microorganisms is used as the activator of the microbiological process: representatives of the genera Candida, Torulopsis, Trichosporon, Rhodotorula And Cryptococcus (Japanese Patent No. 54-19462, C 12 C 11/08 (36 (3) B II), 1979). When 0.1-10.0% of the culture liquid is added to the microorganism growth medium, the biomass grows by 7-30% or the biomass yield increases by 5-15%. However, for active growth of microorganisms, a nutrient medium along with a growth activator (culture liquid) , Enriched with such expensive drugs as vitamins: biotin, calcium pantothenate, folic acid, inositol, aminobenzoic acid, pyridoxine, riboflavin, thiamine. This fact is the main disadvantage of this method, because The use of expensive drugs in the nutrient medium for the growth of microorganisms is hardly realistic in the industrial implementation of the method.

A method for accelerating the growth of microorganisms is also known (US Patent No. 4,997,765, class C 12 R 1/19, 1991), which involves the cultivation of microorganisms from a group of bacteria, yeast and fungi on a nutrient medium containing a saccharide from the group consisting of sugar, starch, cellulose . The medium contains an exogenous growth promoter from the picolinic acid group and its salts at a stimulating concentration of 400 ng / ml of medium. The main disadvantage of this method is its limited area of ​​application. The method finds application only in those microbiological processes that use as a source of carbon necessary for the growth of microorganisms, saccharide from the group consisting of sugar, starch and cellulose.

In another analogue (USSR Authorship No. 1761058, cl. A 01 H 4/00, C 12 N 5/04, 1990, "Method for producing cotton fiber") for growing cotton fiber cells as a stimulant of the process into a nutrient medium is introduced Ferulic and gibberellic acids in a concentration of 0.1 mg / l each, so that the mass of the fiber increases by 4 times. The disadvantage of this method is the limited scope of the process activator.

A method with a wide spectrum of the activator of cellular processes is known (International Application PCT (WO) No. 90/03430, Class C 12 N 5/00) in which nutrient media containing non-protein substances are used to enhance growth, increase the duration and productivity of cell culture, Additives consisting of synergistic components, as well as serum and serum-free supplements, the main components of which are glutamine or glutamate tryptophan, precursors of phospholipids, for example, choline and ethanolamine. The main disadvantage of this method is that the activator has a complex component composition, the strict stability of which is impossible to observe due to the nature of the activator (the activator is a product of biological origin and like any such product without the preliminary stage of isolation and purification of individual chemical compounds subject to fluctuations in the component composition). Instability of the composition will inevitably entail instability of the properties of the proposed activator.

The use of stimulants (activators) in plant growing for activating the vital activity of plants is still less widely used than for activating the vital activity of cells. However, there are a sufficient number of similar methods.

Thus, a method for growing vegetable crops is known (patent of the Russian Federation No. 1792282 A3, cl. A 01 N 65/00, 1993), which includes treating the seeds of seedlings with an aqueous solution of a growth regulator. To improve the quality of the product and its release as a growth regulator, a cell-free extract of fern Azolla pinnata aqua in a concentration of 0.5-1 g / l is used. The treatment is carried out by soaking the seeds in an aqueous solution of the extract, spraying the plants during seedling of the seedling, when planting on a permanent place and during flowering. As a result of such complex processing tomatoes of "Alpatyevka 905 a" variety increased yield by 52.8%. The main disadvantages of this method are, firstly, the lack of stimulant for the fruit ripening period, and, secondly, the limited raw material base for stimulant preparation A relatively large expenditure of it per plant.

The technical task, which faced the authors of the invention, was to select a universal method for activating the biological processes used in biotechnology and plant growing, while the activator used in the method must have a chemical nature that ensures the stability of the specified composition of the activator, and should be obtained in a simple way from available raw materials and To implement the method on an industrial scale should be used in low doses.

This technical problem is solved by feeding an activator into the biological process, which is a mixture of three chemical compounds belonging to the group of ammonium salts of arylacetic acids of general formula C 6 H 4 R 1 · R 2 C 2 H 2 O 2 · NH · C 6 H 15 O 3 , wherein R 1 H, Cl, CH 3 ; R 2 -O, -S, -SO 2 taken in a ratio of 0.1-10 0.1-10 0.1-10 with a total amount of the mixture of 1.0 × 10 -10 1.0 × 10 -1 g in Calculation for 1 g of biomass produced or processed by the activator. The chosen intervals of the ratios of the components in the mixture and the total amount of the mixture for processing 1 g of the produced or processed biomass are determined experimentally. Special experiments have shown that when the total amount of the activator leaves the specified interval, either no activation of the process is observed, or the inhibition of the process takes place, or if it goes beyond the upper boundary of the interval, it is not advisable to increase the activator consumption, This does not lead to an additional increase in activation. When we go beyond the given intervals of the ratios of the components in the mixture, there is no increase in the activation of the processes in comparison with the analogous activation methods.

The technical result of the invention is activation, i.e. Increase in the productivity of such biological processes as: the multiplication of cells, the accumulation of cell mass and metabolic products in the nutrient medium of multiplication of microorganisms, the consumption of food, the release of cellular components into the external environment, the thinning and rupture of cell membranes, the maturation of plants, while the activation result is stable . An additional technical result of the invention is the expansion of a set of activators of microbiological processes, plant growth processes and their cells, the chemical compounds used in the activating mixture are obtained by a simple technological scheme and their synthesis is mastered by the domestic industry. All components included in the mixture are tested for toxicity in the Irkutsk State Medical Institute. At intraperitoneal administration of preparations LD 50 is in the range of 1000-1599 mg / kg, which allows to classify these substances as a class of practically non-toxic compounds. There is permission from the appropriate authorities for their industrial application.

This result is achieved due to the fact that a mixture of three individual chemical compounds is introduced into the biological process, each of which has a specific specific effect on the living cell and the effect of each of them complements each other. As a consequence of this phenomenon - the emergence of a synergistic effect, manifested in various biological processes. At the same time, for a certain biological process, based on the previously known individual properties of the compounds, a combination of three components is selected in a certain ratio of substances and a certain total amount of the mixture calculated for g of produced or processed biomass. Since for every biological process an activating mixture of strictly defined composition and quantity is used, the result of activation is not subject to fluctuations during the reproduction of the process.

The activation method is carried out by introducing into the culture medium in which the vital activity of the cells of microorganisms or plant tissues is activated, the activating mixture in the form of an aqueous or alcoholic solution at different stages of the bioprocess. When using the method in plant growing, the activating mixture is applied either to the nutrient solution by which the seeds, plants or soil are treated, or a filler-based material such as sand, peat is prepared with a specified content of the activating mixture, and this material is treated with fertilizer soil.

The method can be used in the production of various feed additives obtained by the microbiological method, incl. And by bioconversion of plant raw materials, in the biosynthesis processes of various chemicals, for example, such as ethyl alcohol, citric acid and the like. In the processes of cleaning various media from chemical pollution, in the autolysis and plasmolysis of microorganisms, as well as in plant growing, in the production of plant mass and in the processing of seeds.

Examples of the application of activation of various biological processes by the proposed method are given below, wherein the scope of the method is not limited to the examples given.

EXAMPLE 1 Preparation of Protein-Vitamin Concentrate (BVK). The stage of fermentation.

Method by analog

Yeast p.Candida maltosa strain VSB-779 (VKPM N U-196) is grown continuously in a device with a working volume of 5 liters with mechanical stirring and aeration of the medium with air. As the carbon source, purified liquid paraffins consisting of n-alkanes C 13 -C 23 (not less than 97%) are used. Cultivation is carried out on a nutrient medium of the following composition, g / l: orthophosphoric acid 0.9; Potassium chloride 1,1; Magnesium sulphate 0,8; Iron, sulfuric acid 0,15; Zinc sulphate 0.03; Manganese sulfate 0.03; N-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of 4-chlorophenylthioacetic acid 1.0 × 10 -5 . The growing process is carried out at a temperature of 32-34 o C and pH 4.0-4.2, the paraffin concentration in the nutrient medium is 3.2 vol. And a medium exchange rate of 0.33 h -1 . The productivity of the process is 9.8 kg / m 3 · h, the biomass yield from the carbon source is 121%. The cost of raw materials for education is 1 kg of biomass 0.826 kg. The product contains 54% protein and vitamins in an amount, μg / g: B 2 50; B 6 6; PP 300; Sterols 0.28.

The proposed method

Yeast C. maltosa strain VSB-779 is grown under the same conditions, on the same nutrient medium, using the same paraffins as the raw material in the same method. But in the growth medium, instead of the N-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of 4-chlorophenylthioacetic acid at a concentration of 1.0 · 10 -5 g / l, an activator is introduced, consisting of a mixture of N-tris- (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt 2 -chlorophenyloxyacetic acid, N-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of 4-chlorophenylthioacetic acid and N-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of 4-chlorophenylsulfonylacetic acid in a ratio of 1: 1: 1, 1.0 × 10 -5 g / g yeast. Cultivation is carried out at a paraffin concentration in a nutrient medium of 3.2 vol. And a medium exchange rate of 0.30 h -1 . The productivity of the process is 10.2 kg / m 3 · h, the yield of biomass from the carbon source is 125%. The cost of raw materials for the production of 1 kg of biomass is 0.800 kg.

A product is obtained containing 63% protein and vitamins, μg / g: B 2 200; B 6 30; PP 1500; Sterols 0.52.

Application of the proposed method of activation during the production of protein-vitamin concentrate allows to increase the productivity of the process by 4-16% and for vitamins in 2-5 times while reducing the consumption of raw materials by 4% in comparison with the similar method.

Example 2. Process of obtaining protein-vitamin concentrate (BVK). The stage of plasmolysis.

The process of yeast mass plasmolysis in the production of IOO is the second stage after decantation of the suspension of microorganisms in the biomass separation cycle from the culture liquid. The conditions for plasmolysis affect the quality of the finished product.

Control method

In this method, the yeast suspension of the Candida maltosa VSB-779 culture obtained after fermentation is thickened by decantation, then it is gradually heated with stirring to a temperature of 90 ° C., kept at this temperature for 60 minutes, after which the inactivated biomass is cooled to 50-60 ° C, The residuals of the culture liquid are separated by separation and dried. A dry product containing moisture of 6.2 is obtained; Ash 5,5; Nucleic acids 7.5; Carbohydrates 19.5; Lipids 9.0; Hydrocarbons 0,7; Crude protein 59.0; The true protein is 46.9.

The proposed method

In this method, the same yeast suspension as in the control method is thickened by decantation and a mixture of N-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of phenyloxyacetic acid, N-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of 2- Chlorophenylthioacetic acid and N-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of 2-chlorophenylsulfonylacetic acid in a ratio of 0.1: 10: 10, respectively, in an amount of 1.0 × 10 -1 g / g yeast. Subsequently, the condensed biomass is gradually heated with stirring to 90 ° C. and immediately cooled to 50-60 ° C., separated and dried. A product is obtained containing moisture of 6.9; Ash 5,5; Nucleic acids 7.7; Carbohydrates 20,5; Lipids 9.4; Hydrocarbons 0,2; Crude protein 62.5; The true protein is 53.1.

Thus, the use of the proposed method for activating the plasmolysis process makes it possible to obtain a ready-made yeast product with a large content of such important components as carbohydrates and a true protein.

Example 3. Preparation of baking yeast.

Method by analog

Yeast p.Saccharomyces cerevisiae of race 14 is grown in a 10 L apparatus on a nutrient medium of the following composition, g / l: molasses (including 46% sugar content) 39.4, ammonium sulfate 2.76; Diammonium phosphate 0.6; Potassium chloride 0.7; N-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of 4-chlorophenylthioacetic acid 1.0 × 10 -5 . Yeast is grown on a 6-hour air-intake circuit at a temperature of 30 ° C, pH 4.6-5.1. To adjust the pH, potassium carbonate is added. Final dilution of molasses 1/22. Under these conditions, the specific growth rate is 0.169 h -1 , the biomass accumulation is 66.7 g / l, the yeast yield to molasses is 93.7% by weight.

The proposed method

Yeast p.Saccharomyces cerevisiae of race 14 is grown under the same conditions and on the same nutrient medium as in variant 1, but a complex stimulant is added to the culture medium instead of the N-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of 4-chlorophenylthioacetic acid N-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of 4-chlorophenyloxyacetic acid, N-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of chlorophenylthioacetic acid and N-tris- (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of chlorophenylsulfonylacetic acid in a ratio of 0.1: 0.1: 10, respectively, in an amount of 1.0 × 10 -10 g / g yeast. The following process indices are obtained: a specific growth rate of 0.175 h -1 , a biomass accumulation of 70.5 g / l, a yield of yeast to molasses of 99.1%

The use of the proposed activation method in the process of producing baking yeast increases the main process indicators by 6% in comparison with the similar method.

Example 4. Production of fodder yeast on the hydrolyzate of coniferous wood.

Control method

Yeast p. Candida scottii strain K-d-25 (VKPM N U-521) is grown under continuous conditions in a device with a working volume of 5 liters. The hydrolyzate of plant material is neutralized with calcium oxide at a temperature of 85 ° C to pH 3.5 and filtered. Then the mineral components are added to the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in the medium, respectively, mg / l: 798 and 600. Then neutralize with ammonia to pH 4.2, purge with air at 45 ° C for one hour and filter. Then, N-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of 4-chlorophenylsulfonylacetic acid in an amount of 1.3 × 10 -4 g / l is added to the nutrient medium. Yeast cultivation is carried out under flow conditions of the nutrient medium of 0.24 h -1 with air aeration on a plant with automatic maintenance of 39 ° C and pH 4.2-4.4. The initial amount of consumed sugary reducing substances (PB) in the nutrient medium is 1.3%. The yeast biomass yield from the feedstock (in terms of PB) is 68.2%

The proposed method

Yeast p. Candida sc. Are grown under the same conditions and on the same nutrient medium as in the control method, but instead of the N-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of 4-chlorophenylsulfonylacetic acid, a complex activator consisting of N-tris- (2-hydroxyethyl) Ammonium salt of 2-chlorophenyloxyacetic acid, N-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of 2-methylphenylthioacetic acid and N-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of 2-methylphenylsulfonylacetic acid in a ratio of 0.1: 10: 1.0, respectively , In an amount of 1.0 × 10 -4 g / g yeast. The yeast biomass yield from PB in this embodiment is 79.3%

Activation of the process of production of fodder hydrolysis yeasts by the proposed method allows to increase the yield of the product by 16% in comparison with the control method.

Example 5. Process for purification of liquid streams of production of hydrolysis fodder yeast.

Control method

Cleaning is subject to a reindeer bard. After the fermentation tanks, the bard is fed to the biooxidant, where it is continuously cleaned with Trichosporon cutaneum (a production strain of Tulun GZ). The bard comes with the content, mg / l: COD 6050; BOD 5 3200; Total nitrogen 140; Phosphorus 45; PH 4.0. During the accumulation of biomass, the fungus culture consumes salts, residual sugar, oxidized carbon compounds. At the output of the biooxidant, a suspension of biomass of the fungus Trichosporon c is obtained. C. With the content, mg / l: cell mass 22000; COD 3500; BOD 5, 1950; Nitrogen 67; Phosphorus 28; PH 5.7. The cell mass is separated, added to the feed product, the liquid stream is allowed to enter the filtration drain.

The proposed method

According to the method of the invention, purification of the yeast bard is carried out analogously to the control method, but together with the bard, a mixture of N-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of 2-methylphenyloxyacetic acid, N-tris- (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of 4-methylphenylthioacetic Acid and N-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of 4-methylphenylsulfonylacetic acid in a ratio of 10: 10: 0.1, respectively, in an amount of 1.0 × 10 -9 g / g of fungus. At the output, a biomass suspension of the fungus Trichosporon c is obtained. C. With the content, mg / l: cell mass 28000; COD 2840; BOD 5 1850; Nitrogen 10.0; Phosphorus 0,0; PH 6.2. The cell mass is separated, added to the feed product, the liquid stream is allowed to enter the filtration drain.

Thus, the use of the activation method in the purification process of liquid streams of production of hydrolyzed fodder yeast allows to reduce the content of polluting components by an average of 50% and at the same time to obtain an additional product of 27% more than in the control method.

EXAMPLE 6 Preparation of ethyl alcohol from softwood hydrolyzate.

Control method

Concentrated hydrolyzate of coniferous wood is diluted to a content of reducing sugars of 3.5%. Superphosphate is added in an amount of 0.3 g / l and ammonium sulphate in an amount of 0.15 g / l, neutralized by heating with lime milk to pH 5.5, filtered and Make it into a closed apparatus, in which there is a tube for removing gaseous products of metabolism. Yeast p. Saccharomyces vinii, race T-8, in an amount of 5 g / l. Sugars are fermented at a temperature of 32 ° C. for 4 hours. At the end of the experiment, the amount of carbon dioxide, ethyl alcohol and residual amount of reducing substances (PB) is measured. Under these process conditions, the yield of ethyl alcohol from 100 g of fermented sugars is 51.8 ml, i.e. 80% of theoretical (64.8 ml per 100 g PB), the amount of carbon dioxide released is 30.1 g, residual PB 12 G / l.

The proposed method

The preparation of ethyl alcohol from the hydrolyzate of coniferous wood is carried out according to the control method, but at the beginning of the process, an activator consisting of N-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of 4-methylphenyloxyacetic acid, N-tris- (2-hydroxyethyl ) Of ammonium salt of phenylthioacetic acid and N-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of phenylsulfonylacetic acid in a ratio of 10: 0.1: 0.1, respectively, in an amount of 1.0 × 10 -10 g / g of alcohol. In this case, the following process indicators occur: the yield of alcohol from 100 g of fermented sugars is 60.8 ml, which is 94% of theoretical and 17.4% higher than in the control method; The amount of carbon dioxide produced is 24.2 g; Residual RV 0.2%, which is 83% lower than in the control method.

Example 7 Preparation of citric acid.

Control method

The process of obtaining citric acid is carried out by deep cultivation of the culture of the fungus Aspergillus niger (VKPM N Y-228) in a batch apparatus with stirring of the medium by a mechanical stirrer and air supplied to the apparatus. Synthesis of citric acid is carried out as follows. The nutrient medium containing the salt-cleaned molasses and salts: ammonium chloride, disubstituted potassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate and zinc, are seeded with spores of the fungus Aspergillus niger and the biomass of microorganisms is accumulated at a temperature of 30-32 ° C in flasks with a swing of 280 rpm for 4 days. Directly in the fermenter, a working solution of molasses with a volume of 12 liters containing 3% molasses sugar is sterilized, and sterile solutions of ammonium chloride, disubstituted potassium phosphate and magnesium and zinc sulfate salts are introduced into the fermenter and sterile biomass of 2, 5 liters. The initial pH of the medium in the fermenter is 4.0-4.3. The process of citric acid biosynthesis is carried out without adjusting the pH with alkaline or acidic reagents at a temperature of 31-32 ° C, aeration of the medium equal to 0.2-0.5 l / l · min, an excess pressure of 0.2-0.4 atm and a stirring speed 50-150 rpm. When the pH of the solution reaches 3.0-3.2, the apparatus starts to give a concentrated molasses solution in batches until a concentration of sugar (in sugar) in the nutrient medium is 150 g / l (based on the total molasses fed into the apparatus). The end of the process is judged by the reduction in the content of citric acid after its maximum accumulation. The final concentration of citric acid at a process time of 168 h is 97.5 g / l, the yield of citric acid is 65%, the average daily acid removal from 1 m 3 is 13.9 kg / m 3 · day.

The proposed method

The process for obtaining citric acid is carried out analogously to the control method, but a stimulant consisting of N-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of 2-chlorophenyloxyacetic acid, N-tris- (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of 4-chlorophenylthioacetic acid and N-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of 4-chlorophenylsulfonylacetic acid in a ratio of 1: 10: 1 in an amount of 1.0 × 10 -10 g / g citric acid. According to this method, the required amount of molasses is consumed in 144 hours and the final concentration of citric acid is 109.5 g / l, which is 12% higher than in the control variant, while the process time is reduced by 14% and the average daily citric acid production is 18, 25 kg / m 3 · h, which is 31% higher than in the control method.

Example 8. Production of plant biomass ginseng.

Control method

Ginseng biomass is grown by surface cultivation of Panax Ginseng cells (production culture of Kirov BHZ) on a solid nutrient medium, the formulation of which corresponds to TU 59-112-72 for the production of "Ginseng biomass". The cultivation is carried out at a temperature of 26 + 1 ° C. and a pH of 5.0-6.0 for 30-32 days. The biomass is then removed from the nutrient medium and dried at a temperature of 50 + 5 ° C. By this method, the yield of dry biomass with 1 liter of medium is 10 g, the content of extractives in the plant mass is 41.2%

The proposed method

In this method, the Panax Ginseng culture is grown under the same conditions as in the control method, but a mixture of N-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of 2-chlorophenyloxyacetic acid, N-tris- ( 2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of 4-chlorophenylthioacetic acid and N-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of 4-chlorophenylsulfonylacetic acid in a ratio of 10: 10: 1, respectively, in an amount of 1.0 × 10 -10 g / g of plant mass. The yield of dry biomass in this process is 15 g with 1 liter of medium, the content of extractives in the plant mass is 46.8%, i.e. The yield of the product obtained by the proposed method is 50% higher than the control method, while the content of extractive substances in the product also increases (by 14%).

Example 9. Bioconversion of plant raw materials for the production of fodder protein product.

Control method

Bioconversion is subjected to substandard quality (in the form of a mixture of whole grains, husk and flour). As a biodestructor, a yeast culture p is used. Endomycopsis fibuligera (VKPM N U-2173), which has amylolytic ability. Raw material is finely ground, sieved through a sieve with a hole diameter of 1 mm, diluted with water 1: 8, phosphoric acid is added to pH 5.5 and heated to a temperature of 70 ° C, kept at this temperature for 30 minutes, cooled, add g / l : Ammonium sulphate 2.0; Potassium chloride 0,5; Magnesium sulphate 0.35; Ferrous sulphate (ferrous) 0.05. On the medium obtained, yeast E. fibuligera was grown for 18 hours at a temperature of 32 ° C, pH 4.5, aeration of the medium 10 l / l · h without mechanical stirring. At the end of the process, the liquid phase is separated from the solid phase, the latter is subjected to drying. The result is a product with a true protein content of 34.5% per kg of which 1.23 kg of cereal mixture is consumed.

The proposed method

In this method, the bioconversion feedstock is processed and prepared in the same way as in the control method, but an aqueous solution of a mixture of N-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of 2-chlorophenyloxyacetic acid, N-tris- (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of 4-chlorophenylthioacetic acid and 4-chlorophenylsulfonylacetic acid in a ratio of 10: 1:10, respectively, in an amount of 1.0 × 10 -10 g / g protein product. As a biodestructor, the same yeast culture is used as in the control method. The process of growing microorganisms is carried out at a temperature of 32 ° C, pH 5.5, aeration of the medium 10 l / l · h without mechanical stirring for 12 hours. Of 1.2 kg of grain, 1 kg of product with a true protein content of 46%

Activation of the process of bioconversion of plant raw materials according to the proposed method accelerates the process by 33%, increases the protein content of the product by 33% and reduces the consumption of raw materials by 2% compared to the control method.

Example 10. Growing of tomatoes of "White Bread" variety.

Control method

According to this method, activation of growth and maturation of tomato fruits is carried out with a mixture of inorganic fertilizers.

From seeds of tomatoes of a grade "White naliv" grow up sprouts within 60 days. Then 10 seedlings are planted in the soil at a distance of 50 cm. In 7 days after planting and further every 10 days before the appearance of the ovaries on the inflorescences, inorganic fertilizers are introduced into the soil. A mixture of complex fertilizer (ammophoski with the ratio: nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium 2: 1: 0.2), magnesium sulfate, boric acid and sodium molybdate at a component ratio of 1: 0.07: 0.004: 0.002 is well ground, mixed and in an amount of 1 Kg a uniform layer is scattered on a surface of a ground in the size of 2,5 m 2 , occupied by seedlings of tomatoes. Every day during the whole phase of fertilization, the same surface is evenly wetted by water in an amount of 30 liters. After the appearance of the ovaries, the fertilizing of the plants ceases. Daily watering is reduced by half. After the ripening of the fruit, the average number of ripened fruit in one bush is calculated. In this case, it is equal to 1.75 kg at the time of full fruit ripening of 70 days.

The proposed method

Cultivation of tomato fruits is carried out in the same manner as in the control method, but the activation of growth and maturation of tomato fruit of "White Fill" sort is performed additionally with a composite stimulant. A mixture of N-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of phenyloxyacetic acid, N-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of phenylthioacetic acid and N-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium salt of phenylsulfonylacetic acid in 1 kg of a mixture of inorganic fertilizer Ratio of 1: 1: 10, respectively, in an amount of 1.0 · 10 -10 g / g of processed green mass. The resulting mixture is fertilized with soil in the same way as in the control method. This treatment is carried out 7 days after planting the tomato seedlings in the ground and then every 14 days until the appearance of the ovaries in the inflorescences. In the intervals between 14 days, 0.3 kg of inorganic fertilizer is added to the soil in the above (see control method) composition.

According to this activation method, full ripening of the fruit occurs 60 days later, and the average amount of fruit mass in one bush is 3.2 kg, i.е. The proposed method of activation of growth and maturation of tomato fruits allows to accelerate maturation for 10 days and to obtain fruit yield from one bush by 1.45 kg more.

So, the activation of various biological processes by the proposed method increases the productivity of these processes by 5-20% compared to similar activation methods, and in some cases, by 2-2.5 times (for example, in the case of obtaining vitamins in IOO) and by 30- 80% compared to methods where activation is not applied.

CLAIM

A method for activating microbiological processes, plant growth and plant cells, characterized in that an activator is introduced into the process as a mixture of three chemical compounds belonging to the group of ammonium salts of arylacetic acids of general formula

C 6 H 4 R 1 · R 2 C 2 H 2 O 2 · NH · C 6 H 15 O 3 ,

Where R 1 H, CL, CH 3 ;

R 2 -O, -S, -SO 2 ,

Taken in a ratio of 0.1 10.0 0.1 10.0 0.1 10 with a total amount of a mixture of 1 × 10 -10 1 × 10 -1 g, based on 1 g of produced or processed biomass.

print version
Date of publication 09.03.2007gg