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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2248699

FIGHTING METHOD weeds

Name of the inventor: Agarkov VD (RU); Myrzin AS
The name of the patentee: State Scientific Institution All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Rice
Address for correspondence: 350921, Krasnodar, pos. Belozerny, GNU VNIIrisa
Starting date of the patent: 2003.04.24

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to the cultivation of rice. After planting rice seedlings obtained by moistening the soil in check, causing the germination of weeds (barnyardgrass). When shaping the weed leaves no more than 3-4 are treated with a mixture of herbicide tank binary bevel shakkimola and taken in doses 0,9-4,0 liters per hectare, respectively, the rate of the working fluid flow to 500 liters per hectare. At 48 hours after treatment with weeds create a permanent layer of water to check the depth of 5-7 cm. The invention improves the efficiency of the fight against weeds (barnyardgrass), and increase the yield of rice.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the field of agricultural production, particularly rice, for controlling annual cereal weeds genus Echinochloa - barnyardgrass: risovidnym, hairy and ordinary.

The world and domestic rice practice various methods of controlling weeds agronomical, land improvement, breeding and seed and chemical.

There is a method of controlling weeds, comprising a combination of deep (20-22 cm) with autumn plowing layer traffic and the subsequent spring bunching it (see. V.P.Konohova. Textbook rice farmers. M .: "Kolos", 1982 p.138). The disadvantage of this method is that when plowing topsoil heavily clogged seeds, weeds are not completely destroyed, because Therefore, some of them remains viable for several years it is necessary to conduct additional spring agricultural methods, which makes this method of energy-intensive.

There is a method of controlling weeds (barnyardgrass), which consists in the use of the herbicide of systemic action shakkimola (70% EC), which is incorporated into the soil before sowing with incorporation to a depth of 3-5 cm after planting the rice or not more than 24 hours (see. The system measures to protect rice crops from pests, diseases and weeds in the Krasnodar region. Standard materials and technological regulations. Krasnodar, 2000, p.24)

The disadvantage of this method is that it consumes only shakkimol germinating weeds and has a short period of toxic effect, resulting in repeated blockage occurs crops.

There is a method of controlling weeds (barnyardgrass), we have adopted as a prototype, in which, after planting rice on the check to create a layer of 10-12 cm of water and maintain it until naklevyvaniya rice. Then the water is discharged, and the rice seedlings and weeds grow when moistened soil in check. After the formation of weeds not more than 3-4 leaves of crops treated with facet at a dose of 1.8 l / ha (see. The system of measures for protection of rice crops from pests, diseases and weeds in the Krasnodar region. Standard Materials and technological regulations. Krasnodar 2000 , at p.24).

The disadvantage of this method is its low efficiency associated with the need to use a layer of water of at least 10-12 cm as a deterrent to the rapid growth of weeds prior to treatment, and destruction, and only the first tier of weeds, which contributes to the re-clogging of crops of rice weeds.

The object of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the fight against barnyard grass on crops and increase rice yields. The task is achieved by the fact that after planting seedlings and rice weeds is obtained by moistening the soil. After reaching the age of weeds not more than 3-4 leaves they are treated with a binary tank mixture protivozlakovyh herbicides: bevel (25% CS) - for the destruction of emerging weed and shakkimola (70% QE) - to prevent re-blockage, taken in doses: 0 facet, 9 l / ha + shakkimol 4.0 l / ha (recommended doses in the separate application of 1.8 and 8.0 l / ha, respectively).

Experiments were carried out in 2001-2002. on an experimental test plot Institute of rice, map number 14, a check 1 in 3 versions (control - growing rice without treatment against weeds, rice cultivation with the destruction of weeds on the prototype method, the cultivation of rice with the destruction of weeds present method).

An exemplary embodiment of the proposed method

After spring tillage adopted by technology (see. The technology of cultivation of rice. Guidelines. M .: "Kolos", 1983) in May, check seeded seeds Rapan rice varieties. After planting water layer is not created, and the rice seedlings was obtained by moistening the soil in check, causing the maximum germination of weeds (barnyardgrass).

When shaping the weed no more than 3-4 leaves was treated with the latest binary tank mixture and facet shakkimola. Mixture as an aqueous solution was prepared immediately before use by mixing herbicides taken based working fluid up to 500 l / ha at the following doses:

Water 495.1 l + bevel 0.9 l / ha + shakkimol 4.0 l / ha.

At 48 hours after treatment with weeds creating a permanent layer of water depth of 5-7 cm.

Results from field trials in a medium in 2001-2002. are presented in the table.

According to the biological effectiveness of the proposed method is not inferior to the existing, but by economic surpasses them. This is explained by using a longer time upon receipt humidification irrigation and rice seedlings twice reduced doses of herbicides and, therefore, less toxic and their effects on rice plant. As a result, as can be seen from the data of the two-year field experiment, not less than 11,5-19,2% retained a large plant density of rice plants and formed his higher yield (see. Table).

Taking into account the fact obtained yield increase of rice, an average of two years of research will be 0.5 t / ha, the cost effectiveness of the proposed solution in terms of money, under the current procurement price of paddy rice of 3.5 rub. / Kg, is estimated at 1, 75 thousand. rub. 1 ha.

Under the current annual volumes protivozlakovyh application of herbicides in rice industry of Krasnodar region in the last five years of 1998-2002. 20 thousand. ha, the combined use of reduced doses twice facet shakkimola and allows you to get the expected economic impact of 35.0 million rubles.

Thus the use of the proposed method allows to obtain the following advantages:

- Reduce consumption and facet shakkimola doubled compared to separate their use without reducing the biological and economic efficiency;

- To combine the different nature of the herbicidal action in one technological method - destruction of weeds emerging in crop and prevent the growth of new shoots them. Each of the herbicides applied alone, such qualities do not possess;

- Longer rice seedlings grown in soil moisture in the check use smaller and less toxic doses of herbicides and thus maintain its greater number of plants per unit area;

- Receive greater economic benefit by increasing rice harvests;

CLAIM

A method of controlling weeds comprising rice planting, soil moisture in check until formation of weed leaves no more than 3-4, followed by treatment with the herbicide check flooding water layer at 48 hours after treatment, weeds, wherein the soil moisture to check formation of weed leaves no more than 3-4 carried out after sowing rice and weeds produce binary processing tank mixture shakkimola bevel and taken in doses of 0,9-4,0 liters per hectare, respectively, the rate of flow of working fluid up to 500 liters per hectare.

print version
Publication date 09.03.2007gg

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