section Home
Production, Amateur
Radio amateur
Model aircraft, rocket-
Useful, entertaining 		Stealth master
Electronics
Physics
Technologies
invention 		space Mystery
Earth Mysteries
Secrets of the Ocean
Stealth
section Map
Start
Forum
Use of material is permitted for reference (for websites - hyperlinks)
INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2253967

METHOD OF SUNFLOWERING

METHOD OF SUNFLOWERING

The name of the inventor: Mushinsky AS (RU); Veretin K.P.
The name of the patent holder: State Scientific Institution "Orenburg Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture"
Address for correspondence: 460051, Orenburg, Gagarin Ave., 27/1, GNU ONIISH, A.S. Mushinsky
Starting date of the patent: 2003.04.14

The invention relates to the field of agriculture and can be used in the cultivation of sunflower seeds. The method includes sowing sunflower in all areas of the field with one variety, but at different times. In the first term, 2 extreme sites are sown, in the second term, the next 2 extreme sites are sown and the central site is sown with the third term, shifting the flowering phase on each of them for 5-8 days relative to each other. The invention will increase the yield of sunflower seeds by more effective work of insect pollinators.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in the cultivation of sunflower seeds.

A method for cultivating perennial grasses on seeds is known (see AS No. 1686716, A 01 G 1/00, 7/00, A 01 C 7/00), in which, when laying a special seed-growing crop, saturated with leguminous and cereal grasses, Seeds, phytobiocene strips 10 m wide are sown every 100 m. They are sown with a three-reed cluster NWT-3,6, with an average seeder sowed a mixture of entomophilous cultures (sainfoin, sweet clover, yellow alfalfa, wool shaggy, etc.) to create a constantly flowering conveyor of grasses and Fodder base for pollinators. Extreme seeders sow half the norm of cereal grasses (bonfire, wheatgrass, fescue, wheatgrass), creating virgin lands in which insect pollinators should settle and accumulate.

Strips during the rotation of crops in the crop rotation are not plowed, recovered from self-falling seeds, used for several rotations of crop rotation, thereby creating natural conditions for settling on wild bees, wasps and other insects, and the testes of alfalfa will be near natural nesting sites for pollinators. The main disadvantages of the method are:

- excavation of 2/3 arable land from active turnover during the entire period of use of this technology;

- use only on perennial grasses.

The closest solution of the problem (prototype) is the method for pollination of alfalfa (see AS No. 1519537, A 01 H 1/02, A 01 G 25/00), which consists in the subdivision of the area of ​​crops into sections, the flowering phase on one of the They are displaced by 10-12 days relative to the other by maintaining the pre-determined soil moisture at the level of 70-75% HB with a depth of moistening in the first section of 0-40 cm, at the second 0-70 cm, at the third 0-100 cm.

The disadvantage of this method is its limited use only in irrigated areas occupied by sowings of perennial grasses.

The phase of flowering of sunflower lasts 6-10 days. Therefore, in areas of 50 hectares or more insect pollinators do not have time to pollinate all the flowers. As a result, in such sunflower crops, up to 20-30% of empty achenes are observed in its baskets, which leads to a significant shortage of yield.

The aim of the invention is to increase the yield of sunflower seeds by more efficient work of insect pollinators. The goal is achieved by the fact that the sowing area is divided into different periods of fruiting, the flowering phase is shifted for 10-12 days relative to each other by sowing sunflower at different times. The discrepancy in the time periods of flowering plants of different sites will ensure a consistent saturation of insect pollinators first, then the second and then the third section, which will increase the percentage of pollination and, as a result, the yield of seeds of individual sites and the whole massif.

This method consists in sowing sunflower all over the site with one variety, but at different times. It is carried out as follows. The field is divided into five sections, with four sections of the same area, and the fifth section is twice as large and will be located in the center. In the first term, two extreme sites are sown, in the second term following the last two sites and the third site is sown with the central site. This shifts the flowering phase in each of the sites for 5-8 days relative to each other. Thus, due to sowing at different times, the duration of sunflower blossoms increases by 7-10 days, which in total will amount to 12-18 days of flowering of the culture instead of the usual 7-10 days. This will allow the same number of insect pollinators with the same intensity of work to pollute the maximum number of flowers, which will certainly affect the increase in the yield of sunflower seeds.

This method of pollination increases the overall duration of sunflower bloom. Consistently concentrates insect pollinators on flowering areas of the field. Increases the yield of sunflower seeds by prolonging the flowering period by 15-20%, which gives an increase in yield by 1.5-2.0 c / ha.

CLAIM

The method of pollination of sunflower, which includes the division of the area of ​​sowing into sections of the first, second and third terms of fruiting with the displacement of the flowering phases, characterized by the fact that in order to increase the yield of sunflower seeds by effective work of pollinating insects, But at different times, the first periods are sown in the extreme areas, the second - the following after the extreme and third term are sown the central site, shifting the flowering phase for 5-8 days.

print version
Publication date 10.03.2007gg