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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2029453
METHOD OF INTERCHANGEARY PROCESSING OF VINEYERS
The name of the inventor: Timofeev VB; Kiyan A.T .; Ryndin AI
The name of the patent holder: Krasnodar Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture named after P.P. Lukyanenko of the Scientific and Production Association "Kubanzerno"
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 1991.06.06
Usage: in plant growing. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: As a sideral crop, a winter triticale of the grain-feeding type is used. The latter is sown only once. In spring, during the exit into the tube, the green mass is undercut. In the summer, the mature biomass, along with the grain, is discarded, with soil embedded in the soil.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to agriculture and can find application in plant growing and horticulture. Advantageously, the invention is intended for vineyards.
A method of inter-row cultivation of vineyards by the type of black steam is known [1].
Disadvantages of this method are high costs for its implementation, the destruction of the soil structure as a result of repeated surface treatments and the need to introduce organic fertilizers to replenish organic matter in the soil. These shortcomings are due to the fact that it is necessary to repeatedly conduct surface tillage to control weeds and to preserve moisture reserves in the soil, to make organic fertilizers to replenish the stocks of organic substances in it.
The method of annual sowing of syderate cultures is also known [2].
The disadvantages of this method are the high costs and the destruction of the soil structure. Disadvantages are due to the fact that one must sow syderat annually, conduct surface treatment of the soil after embedding the siderates and before sowing them.
The closest to the technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed method is the method of delayering between perennials by perennial grasses [3].
The disadvantages of the method of sinking are high costs, a decrease in the yield of grapes, a weak growth of grasses due to the use of chemistry to combat diseases and pests of vineyards. It takes every 2-3 years to re-sow the grass because of their self-thinning, and during the vine-growing period, the herbs are a competitor in the consumption of moisture and nutrients from the soil, which leads to a decrease in the vineyard yield and requires additional feeding.
The aim of the proposed invention is to reduce labor and funds, improve soil structure and replenish it with organic substances, control weeds without the use of mechanical and chemical means of protection.
The aim is achieved by the fact that in the method in which pre-sowing soil treatment is carried out, the autumn sowing, spring mowing, and planting in the soil in the summer of the ripened plant mass, according to the invention, the winter triticale is sown single-fall in autumn, each spring, during the outlet to the tube, Mass, and every summer during the wax or full ripeness of the grain, they are discarded with the embedding in the soil of a plant mass with grain. Autumn is the self-healing of the green cover due to seedlings of triticale seeds, embedded in the soil together with the mature plant mass. Due to the distinctive feature of the method, self-healing of the green cover in the inter-rows of the grapes is ensured by seedling of the triticale seeds, mulching of the soil during spring mowing of the green mass, replenishment of the soil with organic substances due to embedding in the soil in the summer of the matured plant mass, the lack of competition for the consumption of moisture and nutrients in the period Pouring of grapes, ensuring a high yield of grapes, reducing labor and resources (due to a single crop, the number of surface tillages is reduced to a single disc, the weeds are destroyed without the use of chemical and mechanical means of protection due to the powerful green triticale cover, triticale is cultivated without the use of chemical agents ). In addition, triticale is resistant to the effects of chemicals used to treat vineyards from diseases and pests.
Example (implementation of the proposed method) . In the autumn, pre-sowing soil cultivation is carried out according to the generally accepted technology and winter grain triticale is planted with untreated seeds by continuous sowing (the beginning of the optimal sowing season - sowing of winter wheat in the cultivation zone). In the second year in spring, in the period of entering the triticale tube, the green mass is undermanned, in the summer (mid-July) the ripened biomass, together with the grain, is dumped into the soil. In the autumn (September-October), the green cover is self-healing due to shoots of triticale embedded in the soil. In the following years, only two operations are performed: the greening of the green mass in the spring when the triticale leaves the tube (late April-early May) and the ripening of the ripened plant mass together with the grain into the soil (mid-July). Chemical means of protection against diseases and weeds when using grain fodder triticale are not used.
The use of the proposed method minimizes soil tillage, excludes chemical treatment against weeds, increases the fertility of the soil due to the plant mass of triticale and its short vegetation period, and significantly reduces the costs of cultivating grapes, and obtains ecologically cleaner grapes.
CLAIM
METHOD OF INTER-VARIOUS PROCESSING OF VINEYERS, including pre-sowing soil cultivation, autumn sowing of the sideral culture, mowing in the spring period and sealing in the soil of ripened biomass in summer, characterized by the fact that the winter crop of triticale of grain-feeding type, which is sown once, In the spring, during the time of entering the tube, the green mass is undermined, and in the summer, the ripened biomass, together with the grain, is discarded with embedding in the soil.
print version
Date of publication 10.03.2007gg
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