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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2195799
METHOD OF INCREASING SOIL FERTILITY
Name of the inventor: oddity MA .; Quirk MM .; Shorin rm .; Abiyev TS .; Hutinaev SM .; RJ Khugayev
The name of the patentee: North Caucasus Research Institute of mountain and foothill agriculture
Address for correspondence: 363110, Republic of North Ossetia-Alania p. Mikhailovsky Str. Williams, 1 SKNIIGPSKH, P.M.Shorinu Director
Starting date of the patent: 2001.04.02
The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to agriculture. grain cleaning is carried out with the formation of rolls of straw. Between rolls sown green manure crops. In the autumn plowing is carried out mixture of chopped straw and green manure crops. The use of the invention will improve the fertility of the soil.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to agriculture.
There is a method of harvesting cereals crops, followed by burning of stubble and straw. As a result, air pollution, violation of ecological environment and soil loss / C. Nikolaev. Protect nature as the apple of his eye. - Rural dawns. - 2000 - 1-2. - S. 29-31 /.
Known and combine harvesting method comprising forming a straw rolls, followed by pressing into bales and rolls and export it out of bounds. However, the soil more susceptible to erosion processes /O.E. Avrov, ZM Claus. The use of straw in agriculture. - L .: Kolos, 1979. pp. 7 /
The closest to the proposed method is a method of harvesting cereals crops, including grinding and uniform spreading of straw on the field.
However, for crushing and spreading straw harvester is equipped with an accessory that increases the wear of equipment and reduces productivity. When straw spreading occurs and spacing of seeds of weeds and volunteer grain /O.D. Avrov, ZM Mopoz. The use of straw in agriculture. - L .: Kolos, 1979. pp. 7 /
The purpose of the invention - reducing the cost of straw utilization, increase soil fertility.
This object is achieved by forming rolls straw during harvesting and seeding of culture in the roll sidereal space with subsequent incorporation into the soil mixtures thereof.
Method is as follows
Cleaning ranoubiraemyh grains of cultures carried combine harvester DON-1500 type with straw swathing, which prevents the spread of weeds and volunteer grain corn in the roll area. At the same time on the flat fields, harvesting is carried out in the direction of the long side of the field at a height of 18-20 cm stubble cut and on the slopes across the slope or along the contour at a height of 22-25 cm cut stubble, which increases the stability of erosion control. The thickness of the border and straw roll when cleaning adjust the height of the cut straw and devices on the processor with the type of the debris field. When blocked field malicious shade-tolerant weeds straw rolls forming an average thickness of not less than 15 cm, and in clogged photophilous juvenile weeds thick straw rolls - 10-12 cm Under these conditions the weeds until the fall can not break through the thick straw roll or sprout weakened..
Following the harvest of grains of cultures between the rolls of straw stubble treated surface tillage implements. Then, the treated stubble crop sowing is carried out of green manure crops seeders SZT-3,6A or SOC-3.6, and without prior surface treatment of possible crop stubble stubble-seeder BES 2.1.
tillage and sowing green manure crops can be carried out at night without additional lighting, as light straw rolls serves as a marker.
In the autumn of green mass of green manure and straw rolls are ground and scatter evenly across the field of self-propelled machines KIR-1.5, KUF-1.8, E-280 as it moves through the diagonal field.
The proposed method reduces the erosive effect on the soil in the post-harvest period, reduce energy costs at harvest and after implement tillage and sowing green manure. It avoids spreading seeds of weeds and volunteer grain in the field. Plowing the ground mixture of straw and green mass of green manure crops improves the soil structure and increases its content of organic matter.
CLAIM
A method for improving soil fertility, including preservation of straw on the field and its crop area, characterized in that the straw are left in the rolls, the roll thickness is adjusted depending on the predominant type of weeds and stubble height slice - on the field gradient while the roll space inoculated sidereal culture In the autumn plowed ground mixture of straw and green manure crops.
print version
Publication date 10.03.2007gg
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