| Start of section
Production, amateur Radio amateurs Aircraft model, rocket-model Useful, entertaining |
Stealth Master
Electronics Physics Technologies Inventions |
Secrets of the cosmos
Secrets of the Earth Secrets of the Ocean Tricks Map of section |
  |
| Use of the site materials is allowed subject to the link (for websites - hyperlinks) | |||
Navigation: => |
Home / Patent catalog / Catalog section / Back / |
|
INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2289238
METHOD FOR GROWING ARTIFICIAL HYBRIDS F1 SOI
The name of the inventor: Trembak Evgeniy Nikolaevich (RU); Kochegura Alexander Vasilyevich
Name of patent holder: State Scientific Institution All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Oilseeds named after V.S. Pustovoit of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Address for correspondence: 350038, Krasnodar, ul. Filatova, 17, GNU VNIIMK Rosselkhozakademii, Patent Group
Date of commencement of the patent: 2005.02.10
The invention relates to plant breeding, in particular to a method for growing hybrid soybean plants F 1 . A mechanized sowing of a mixture of hybrid soybean seeds F 1 with soybean mutant form bearing a sign of chlorophyll deficiency is carried out. Caring for plants. After the onset of the phase of primordial leaves, hybrid plants are identified. After the onset of the full maturation phase, the hybrid plants are harvested, threshed, the seeds obtained are used for further breeding. The invention provides an opportunity for mechanization of sowing and growing of hybrid soybean seeds F 1 with a standing density adopted in production and minimizing the likelihood of branching off and the central shoot of hybrid soybean plants F1.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to soybean breeding, and can be used for growing F 1 soybean plants obtained as a result of artificial hybridization.
It is known that artificial soybean hybrids due to the difficulty of their production are usually represented by a small number of plants and their cultivation is a responsible exercise. The main tasks during their growing are: obtaining as many plants as possible in relation to the seeds sown and obtaining the maximum possible number of seeds from each plant with minimum labor costs.
There is a known method for growing artificial hybrids F 1 soybean (prototype), in which the seeds are sown by the nesting method manually with a feeding area of 70 × 35 cm. Such sparse seeding provides a high seed multiplication factor and reliability of further work with the hybrid population (Myakushko Yu.P., Lunin ND, Podkina DV, et al., Methodological Guidelines for Selection and Seed Production of Soybeans (Moscow, 1981, p. 8).
Disadvantages of the known method of cultivating artificial F 1 soy hybrids are the use of manual labor, the need for increased attention to plants during the vegetative period, the natural breaking off of branches and the central shoot due to the powerful development of the aboveground mass and, in this connection, the need to tie the plants to the supports.
The objective of the claimed invention is to increase the efficiency of the method for growing artificial soybean F 1 hybrids by reducing manual labor costs, improving workability, reducing the time required to identify and care for hybrid plant F 1 soybean, and obtaining sufficient for a reliable subsequent selection The work of the number of hybrid seeds.
The object of the invention is to minimize the probability of the branching off and the central escape of hybrid soybean plants F 1 and to enable the mechanization of sowing and growing of hybrid soybean plants F 1 with a standing density adopted in production.
The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known method of growing artificial soybean hybrids F 1 including seeding of hybrid soybean seeds F 1 , cultivation and harvesting of plants F 1 according to the invention, sowing of hybrid soybean seeds F1 is carried out mechanically in a mixture with seeds of the mutant soybean form, Bearing a marker of chlorophyll deficiency, using in particular a seed mixture in which the seeds of the mutant form predominate, for example, in which for each hybrid seed of F 1 there are at least two seeds of the mutant form.
Comparative analysis of the claimed technical solution with the prototype allows us to conclude that the claimed method of cultivation of artificial hybrids F 1 of soybean differs from the known one:
1) the conditions for performing the "soybean hybrid seed S1 sowing" action (in the prototype "sowing hybrid seeds F 1 soy" are carried out manually and in the claimed invention mechanized) and 2) the used substance (in the prototype, hybrid seeds F 1 Soybean, and in the claimed invention hybrid soybean seeds F 1 in a mixture with the seeds of a mutant soybean that carries a marker of chlorophyll deficiency).
Thus, the claimed method meets the criterion of patentability "NOVELTY".
Investigating the state of the art in the process of carrying out a patent search for all types of information available to the public in print, we found that the method of growing artificial soybean hybrids F 1 for a specialist in soybean selection clearly does not follow from the currently known prior art.
Our researches have revealed the possibility of production growing of artificial hybrids F 1 soy as a result of mechanized sowing of a mixture of hybrid soybean seeds F 1 with mutant seeds bearing a sign of chlorophyll deficiency. The claimed set of features ensures minimization of the probability of branching off branches and a central shoot of hybrid soybean plants F 1 and growing of hybrid soybean plants F 1 with a standing density adopted in production. That is, the claimed set of characteristics is necessary and sufficient to achieve the above goal. On the basis of this, it can be concluded that the claimed invention complies with the criterion of patentability "INVENTORY LEVEL".
The claimed technical solution corresponds to the criterion of patentability "INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY", as it can be used in agriculture. In addition, the description of the invention provides the means and methods by which a technical solution can be implemented as described in the independent claim.
The method is carried out as follows . Soybean seeds, formed as a result of artificial hybridization, are mixed with the seeds of the mutant form of soy, bearing the sign of chlorophyll deficiency. The prepared mixture is sown in a well-known mechanized way with the seeding rate adopted in production, with the help of a seeder, which ensures a uniform sowing of seeds to the required depth. In this case, a mixture of seeds is used in particular, in which seeds of the mutant form predominate, for example, 2 times. During the vegetation of plants, care is taken for sowing according to the recommendations for soybean cultivation for a particular cultivation zone. After the onset of the phase of primordial leaves, plants are identified. Hybrid soybean plants that have a bright green color of the aboveground parts are considered to be non-hybrid plants with a yellow color of the above-ground organs. Hybrid soybean plants are labeled and recorded in a log. After the onset of the full maturation phase, the hybrid plants are harvested, threshed, the seeds obtained are used for further breeding. The remaining plants of the mutant form of soybean, which has a sign of chlorophyll deficiency, are subjected to negative selection (remove diseased and atypical plants) and threshed by direct combining. The collected seeds of the mutant form of soybean, which has a sign of chlorophyll deficiency, are suitable for use in the next field season.
An example of implementing the method . Sowing of soybean seeds in the Krasnodar region was carried out with a selection cassette seeder SKS-6A in a wide-row method with a row spacing of 0.45 m in 75 seeds per 1 row of the 5 m long plots. Pre-hybrid soybean seeds of the first generation were mixed with seeds of the VIR-6552 variety, Chlorophyll deficiency. The device of the seeder SKS-6A allows sowing seeds from each cell of the cassette into a separate row of a given length (in our case - 5 m).
The number of rows was planned according to the number of available combinations of parental forms and the presence of artificial hybrid hybrids F 1 soy seeds for each combination. If the number of hybrid seeds by combination did not exceed 25 pieces, then these seeds were placed in one row (one cell of the cassette). When the number of hybrid seeds was more than 25 pieces - in 2 rows (2 cells), more than 50 pieces - in 3 rows (3 cells) and so on. In the case of dividing hybrid seeds of one combination into several rows, they were evenly distributed in rows (cells). After the distribution of the hybrid seeds in the cells, the number of seeds in rows (cells) was adjusted to 75 pieces, supplementing the missing quantity of seeds with VIR-6552, which is a sign of chlorophyll deficiency.
 |
Seed sowing and grooming were carried out according to recommendations for soybean cultivation in the Krasnodar Territory. After the emergence of shoots put pegs with numbers of plots. After the onset of the phase of primordial leaves, hybrid plants were identified. Hybrid plants were considered to have dark green leaves (see drawing), they were marked in a field log and labeled. After the onset of the maturation phase, the plants marked with labels were removed and threshed by hand. Seeds were used in further breeding work. The mature plants of the variety VIR-6552, bearing the sign of chlorophyll deficiency, were subjected to negative selection (patients and atypical plants were removed), and the remaining plants were harvested by direct combining with the "Hege-125C" selection harvester. Seeds were used the next year to obtain a mixture of soybean seeds when growing artificial hybrids of F 1 soy. |
Growing hybrid soybean F 1 plants in a mixture with the mutant soybean form bearing a sign of chlorophyll deficiency allows fully mechanizing seed sowing and crop care, minimizing lodging of plants and breaking off branches and a central shoot and ensuring reliable identification of hybrid soybean plants F 1 .
And, in particular, the composition of a seed mixture in which the seeds of a mutant form predominate, for example, when for each hybrid seed F 1 there are at least two seeds of the mutant form, ensures the cultivation of hybrid plants under the same conditions when they are surrounded on all sides by plants Mutant form. This makes it possible to compare hybrids with each other and with plants of parental forms, provided that they are grown in a similar way. Thus, it becomes possible to determine the degree of heterosis, which the cultivation of artificial hybrids of soybean F 1 according to a known method (prototype) could not provide.
Plants of the mutant form of soybeans bearing the sign of chlorophyll deficiency are characterized by reduced competitiveness, which ensures the good development of more competitive hybrid plants of F soybean and thereby increases the multiplication factor (the number of seeds formed), increasing the reliability of further work with the hybrid population.
Sowing of hybrid soybean seeds F 1 by a mechanized method ensures a reduction in the costs of manual labor and an increase in workability in the cultivation of hybrid soybean seeds F 1 .
Sowing of hybrid soybean seeds F 1 in a mixture with seeds of a mutant form of soybean bearing a marker sign - chlorophyll deficiency, provides the possibility of mechanization of sowing and growing hybrid soybean seeds F1 at a standstill in production and minimizing the probability of breaking off branches and a central shoot Hybrid soybean plants F 1 , i. E. Achievement of the set goal and the solution of the task.
CLAIM
1. A method for growing artificial soybean hybrids F 1 comprising seeding hybrid soybean seeds F 1 , growing and harvesting plants F 1 , characterized in that sowing of hybrid soybean seeds F1 is carried out mechanically in a mixture with the seeds of a soybean mutant form bearing a marker - Chlorophilic insufficiency.
2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that a seed mixture is used in which seeds of the mutant form predominate.
3. A method according to claim 2, characterized in that a seed mixture is used in which for each hybrid seed F 1 there are at least two seeds of the mutant form.
print version
Date of publication 11.03.2007gg
Comments
When commenting on, remember that the content and tone of your message can hurt the feelings of real people, show respect and tolerance to your interlocutors even if you do not share their opinion, your behavior in the conditions of freedom of expression and anonymity provided by the Internet, changes Not only virtual, but also the real world. All comments are hidden from the index, spam is controlled.