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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2136141
Ways to stimulate growth of the crop MYCELIUM champignons
Name of the inventor: GV Denisov .; Ivanov AI .; Blinohvatov AF
The name of the patentee: Penza State Agricultural Academy
Address for correspondence: 440014, Penza, ul.Botanicheskaya, d.30, Penza State. agricultural Academy
Starting date of the patent: 1998.06.01
The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in the production of mushroom cultivation sterile seed metseliya mushroom mushrooms. The method consists in that the culture medium is added a water-soluble selenium compound - sodium selenate. Prepared by the method of successive dilutions sodium selenate at a concentration of 10 -4 - 10 -6 g / l of culture medium is introduced into the mass containing the boiled cereal grains, chalk (0.3%) and gypsum (1.5%) prior to sterilization. The use of sodium selenite as a growth seed mushroom mycelium can reduce the period of growth at an average of 1.4 times, improve quality metseliya, resulting in increasing productivity, without having to replace the culture medium for this purpose.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to the artificial cultivation of mushrooms, and can be used in specialized gribovodcheskih farms to fast growing mycelium of sterile seed.
Preparation of seed spawn limits the entire process chain of the process of artificial cultivation of edible mushrooms pileate.
Very often, even with all the technology parameters of the cultivation of seed mycelium strongly stretched in time. This leads to disruption of the optimal timing of seed compost and consequently reduce the harvest of mushrooms.
Little is known cultivation methods stimulating mycelium inoculum based on a replacement of the traditional grain nutrient medium either on its input in stimulating additives.
Thus, for example, are known attempts to replace the culture medium grain on Juodka (A. p. 1512520 USSR MKI 5 A 01 G 1/04. The nutrient medium for the cultivation of seeds mushroom mycelium / LA Devochkin, AP Tsauder (USSR ) 2 c.), or mass, consisting of the dried and crushed larvae of synanthropic flies (AS USSR 1205828, MKI 5 A 01 G 1/04. The nutrient medium for the cultivation of mycelium of edible mushrooms / OM, Bubnov, H .B. Shalashova, T.V. Yerofeyev (USSR) 4c.). The disadvantage of these methods is the inaccessibility of these culture media, and the low probability of realization of these methods on a large industrial scale.
For the cultivation of mushrooms growing on ligno-cellulosic substrates, proposed as a culture medium used kanygu - the contents of the proventriculus of animals for slaughter cattle (AS USSR 1805556, MKI 5 A 01 G 1/04 nutrient medium for the cultivation of seeds and mycelium. fruiting bodies of oyster mushroom fungus / VF Klimkova, NG Dushyn, Sergey Vinokurov, IA Guodong, VA Severin (USSR) 3 sec.). However, this medium can not be used for the cultivation of mushrooms.
There is a method of stimulation of growth of mycelium by entering Wednesday soy flour (762,799 AS USSR, MKI 5 A 01 G 1/04. The nutrient medium for the cultivation of mycelium of edible mushrooms / RG Kozlov Losyakova LS, L .In. Garibov, VG Kozhemyakin, LF Ivanov (USSR) 3c).
The closest to the technological essence to the claimed invention is the cultivation of seeds mushroom mycelium using as nutrient substrate of wheat grain, calcium-rich materials (industrial cultivation of edible gribov.- Naukova Dumka, 1978, p 24). The disadvantage of this method is its excessive length even under optimal conditions.
The invention addresses the problem of accelerating the production of seeds mushroom mycelium and improve its quality. To solve the problem in a nutrient medium containing cereal grains (1 kg) with the addition of chalk (3 g), gypsum (15 g), sodium selenate making (Na 2 SeO 4) at a concentration of 10 -4 - 10 -6 g / l rate of 10 ml per 1 kg of the nutrient substrate.
The peculiarity of the invention is that the high growth rate performance is achieved without replacing the culture medium or food, and in this case does not require high costs, due to the fact that the required amount of stimulant is very little.
Example. Wheat grain is boiled in water at a ratio of 1: 3, boiled for 25 minutes. Then the broth is poured grains scatter on the flat surface to evaporate excess moisture and cooled to room temperature. Thereafter the grain is mixed with gypsum and chalk per 1 kg of grain - 15 g of gypsum and 3 g of chalk. The prepared mixture was placed into a clean container (0,5 milk bottles), filling them with 2/3 volume.
Using a graduated glass pipette to each bottle Pipette 5 ml of sodium selenite (Na 2 SeO 4) at a concentration of 10 -5 g / l, prepared by successive dilutions of sample 0.1 g of sodium selenate in distilled water.
After introducing the solution into the nutrient substrate of the bottle sealed cotton - gauze plugs and shaken thoroughly to penetrate the entire thickness of the solution to the substrate.
The thus prepared medium is sterilized in an autoclave at 120 o C and 1 atm for 1.5 hours.
After sterilization, the bottle is cooled to 22 - 25 o C and inoculation conduct uterine mycelium Agaricus bisporus Agaricus bisporus (J. Lange) Imbach under sterile conditions and germinated.
there is an increase in the rate of growth experienced options From the first days of germination. Thus, on day 7 he develops germination 50% nutrient substrate, while control media - 25-30%.
On 18 - 19 days after inoculation in experimental variant observed uniform growth of dense, fluffy - cobwebby mycelium throughout the substrate volume.
In control variant growth of less dense, weakly - cobwebby mycelium is observed only at 24-28 days after inoculation. Consequently, the use as a stimulant sodium selenate growth reduces the period of preparation of seeds mushroom mycelium for a period of about 6 - 9 days (Table 1.).
On improving the quality of seed mycelium grown on a substrate with the addition of sodium selenite, it speaks not only to improve the organoleptic properties of mycelium (Table. 1), but also to reduce the time of occurrence of mushroom compost, but also increase the yield (Table. 2).
CLAIM
A method for promoting the growth of mushroom mycelium inoculum in a nutrient medium containing cereal grains, chalk and gypsum, characterized in that the nutrient medium as a growth stimulator is made of sodium selenate solution.
print version
Publication date 11.03.2007gg
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