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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2160000
METHOD OF STIMULATION OF THE GROWTH OF CHAMPAGNONS AND VESHENKA
The name of the inventor: Alekseeva KL (RU); Malevannaya NN (RU); Khripach Vladimir Aleksandrovich (BY); Zhabinsky Vladimir Nikolaevich (BY)
The name of the patent holder: Non-profit scientific and industrial partnership "NEST M"
Address for correspondence: 127550, Moscow, ul. Pryanishnikova, d.31A, (CINAO), room 111, NNPP "NEST M"
The date of the beginning of the patent: 1999.04.12
(EN) The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to the cultivation of edible fungi. The method comprises treating, before sowing the mycelium and / or during fruiting, the substrate surface with mycelium with epibrassinolide at a rate of 10 -4 -10 -1 ml per 1 kg of mycelial weight, and the substrate surface is 10 -4 -10 -1 ml / m 2 . Epibrassinolide is diluted in water in a ratio of 5 · (10 -6 -10 -1 ): 1. The method allows to increase the productivity of cultivated fungi and shorten the growth cycle by increasing the fruiting rate.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the field of agriculture, namely, the cultivation of edible fungi.
A method for stimulating the growth of champignons and oyster mushrooms is known, which includes introducing into the compost a rostoregulating additive in the form of corresponding carboxylic acid salts before sowing (EP 0407142, cl. A 01 G 1/04, published on 09.01.91).
However, in this case, a shortcoming is a small increase in the resulting marketable output.
And a method for stimulating the growth of mushrooms and oyster mushrooms is known, including the introduction of nutritive growth-stimulating additive into the nutritive substrate with the growth of the mycelium (Darakov O. Mushroom garden - and health and income, Moscow, Topikal, 1995).
The disadvantage in this case is the insufficient increase in output.
The closest to the claimed is the method of stimulating the growth of champignons and oyster mushrooms, including application before growth to the mycelium and / or during fruiting to the surface of the substrate with mycelium of the growth regulating additive (USSR copyright certificate 1731096 A1, cl. A 01 G 1/04, 07.05.92 ).
Moreover, the additive is administered in dry form, which is ineffective, in addition, growth stimulation in this case is expressed either in the form of an increase in the size of fruit bodies with a decrease in their number or in the form of an increase in the number of fruit bodies with a decrease in their number, but an increase in the final yield remains insufficient High.
The technical result of the present invention is to increase the productivity of grown mushrooms or oyster mushrooms with a simultaneous increase in productivity not only in the whole cycle of cultivation, but also in each collection phase, and the reduction in the duration of the whole cycle of mushroom cultivation due to an increase in the rate of fruit formation.
This technical result is achieved by using the epibrassinolide at least once as a growth regulating additive in the method for stimulating the growth of mushrooms and oyster mushrooms, including application before planting on the mycelium and / or during fruiting to the surface of the substrate with mycelium of the growth regulating additive, while the mycelium is treated Epibrassinolide in an amount of (10 -4 - 10 -1 ) ml per 1 kg of mycelial weight, and the substrate with a mycelium in the amount (10 -4 - 10 -1 ) ml / m 2 of the substrate surface.
In this case, the application is carried out by dilution in water of epibrassinolide in the ratio 5 · (10 -6 -10 -1 ): 1.
Epibrassinolide itself (EPIN) is widely known as a growth regulator (see List of pesticides and agrochemicals allowed for use in the Russian Federation, 1998, Appendix to the journal "Plant Protection and Quarantine", No. 5, 1998, Moscow, Kolos, pp. 188-192), it is characterized by exceptionally low consumption per unit of treated area or product weight, high efficiency, it is well diluted in water. However, all known applications of EPIN are known for plants, potatoes, and trees, but not for fungi. Environmental safety of the drug was one of the main requirements when applying it in mushroom production.
METHOD REALIZES AS FOLLOWED
In the first case EPIN was diluted in water in the ratio 5 · (10 -6 -10 -1 ): 1. After this, before cultivation, the resulting solution was treated with a mycelium of champignons or oyster mushrooms at the rate of (10 -4 -10 -1 ) ml per kg of weight of mycelium, it was sown in a substrate and sprouted according to known methods (see prototype - .). The cultivation cycle was reduced by 3-7% with an increase in yield by 35-45% (with the average values of the parameters given above) in comparison with the prototype.
In the second case, EPSIN was diluted as described earlier, seeded with mycelium substrate, germinated according to known methods, but at the stage of fruit formation (in the formation of fruiting bodies), the substrate was treated with a mycelium from the calculation of epibrassinolide in the amount of (10 -4 - 10 -1 ) ml / m 2 of the substrate surface. The cultivation cycle was reduced by 4-8% with an increase in yield by 40-50% (with the average values of the quantitative parameters given above) in comparison with the prototype. With repeated application of EPIN (3-5 times) on the surface of the substrate during irrigation, the yield increases by 50-65% (with the average values of the parameters given above) in comparison with the prototype.
In the third case, EPIN was administered in two stages, as described in the first and second cases with fungal growth according to a standard procedure. In this case, the growing cycle was reduced by 10-12% with an increase in productivity by 70-80% compared to the prototype (and with the average values of the parameters given in the claims).
It should be noted that the stated boundary values of the parameters indicated in the claims were determined when the yield of the claimed from the control was not less than 5%.
As an example of the implementation of the method, let us consider the results of an experiment using epine in the cultivation of champignons. Champignons were grown in polyethylene bags with a capacity of 10 kg of pasteurized substrate with a surface area of 0.1 m 2 . Preparation of the substrate, seeding of mycelium and care for the culture were carried out according to the standard method in accordance with the industrial technology of growing champignons. At the stage of fruit formation, the surface of the substrate was treated with epine at a rate of 1 liter of working solution per 1 m 2 . Epin was preliminarily diluted in water and solutions of various concentrations were prepared. The repetition of the experiment is fivefold. The results of taking into account the yield of fungi depending on the concentration of epine are shown in the table. From the table it follows that the most effective concentration of the drug, providing a significant increase in the yield of fungi, is 1.25 · 10 -3 mg dL / l, which corresponds to 0.005 ml of the preparation per 1 liter of solution. The yield increase was 42.2% in relation to the control.
Thus, the use of this method makes it possible to obtain mushrooms and oyster mushrooms with a high degree of efficiency and with a reduced cycle of cultivation.
CLAIM
A method for stimulating the growth of mushrooms and oyster mushrooms, comprising presowing treatment of the mycelium and / or surface of the substrate with a mycelium with a growth regulating additive, characterized in that eprolsosinolide is used as the growth regulating additive, and the mycelium is treated with epibrossinolide at a rate of 10 -4-10-1 ml / kg Mycelium, and the surface of the substrate with a mycelium 10 -4 - 10 -1 ml / m 2 .
print version
Date of publication 11.03.2007gg
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