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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2180163
METHOD OF VIGRATING VIBRATION OF SEEDS OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS
The name of the inventor: Kolyagin Yu.S .; Shevchenko VE; Cherepanov Yu.P. V.Ya. Kiselev; Kucherenko SP; Shevchenko A.V.
The name of the patent holder: Voronezh State Agrarian University. K.D. Glinka
Address for correspondence: 304087, Voronezh, ul. Michurina, 1, VGAU, Patent Department
Date of commencement of the patent: 2000.06.20
(EN) The invention relates to technologies in agriculture and can be used for coating with vibration of seeds of agricultural crops. The method for coating crops is that seeds formed and consolidated in a solution of the adhesive are simultaneously formed by vibrating the seeds and other components of the pellet with a frequency of 51-68 Hz and an amplitude of 0.2-2.0 mm. The use of the invention makes it possible to solve the problem of improving the quality of pellets and the efficiency of coating by using a vibratory method.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to technologies in agriculture and can be used for draining seeds of agricultural crops.
There are known methods for draining seeds of agricultural crops, using in one form or another the effect of rolling shells in vessels performing rotational movements.
A method for seed coating is known (AS 1340618), which improves the quality of the dragee, performed on the device, where the circular movement of the vessel is supplemented by oscillations along the axis of rotation. The frequency of the vertical oscillations of the vessel is equal to the frequency of its rotation. This, however, limits the possibility of a regulated approach to the oscillatory process and, to some extent, the degree of freedom of movement of the dragee, which is necessary when processing seeds of different cultures [1].
A method for coating the seeds of agricultural crops with a high-quality, porous coating is known (AS 1545970). However, a qualitative coating on seeds of various configurations is provided by the creation of a stationary application mode, for which it is necessary to use a porous elastic material [2].
The method of coating seeds of agricultural crops (AS 444513) closest to the proposed method by forming a pellet and further combining the drying and sealing operations of the shells in the process of blowing seeds in the regime of a vibrating bed under circular oscillations with a frequency of 15-50 Hz, Amplitude equal to 8-1 mm, at a coolant velocity of 0.1-4.0 m / sec and a temperature of 60-140 ° C, depending on the height of the layer of drained seeds and the properties of the shell and seeds [3].
The disadvantage of this method is the need to separate the operations of enveloping the seeds with a coating (where the known effect of rolling the coating from the adhesive aqueous suspension and the pulverous components of the organomineral mass is used) and its compaction, at the time of which the dragee is dried in the vibro-boiling layer, and the portioning of the components. In addition, the dragee, formed to the desired size by means of the vibration layer, is further compacted, it is given a smooth, shiny and strong shell, which does not always meet the requirements for the seed material of crops - the contact area decreases and contact with the soil deteriorates, the process of disintegration of the seed coating and moisture access , Necessary for it to germinate, especially in arid conditions.
The invention solves the problem of improving the quality of dragees and the performance of coatings by using a vibratory method.
This is achieved by the fact that in the seed coating process involving the formation and compaction of the shell according to the invention, the seeds formed and sealed in the adhesive solution are simultaneously formed by vibrating the seeds and other components of the pellet at a frequency of 51-68 Hz and Amplitude of 0.2-2.0 mm.
The proposed method for coating seeds of agricultural crops can be carried out as follows. Seeds pre-soaked in the solution of the adhesive (for example, in a 10% solution of sucrose and gluten), simultaneously with other components of the dragee (pesticides, growth regulators, macro- and microelements of fertilizers, fillers, for example zeolites, bentonite clay, perlite) from different dispensers And with an interval are fed into the working chamber of the vibration unit MVT-300 (Some questions of the compositional-ergonomic analysis of modern vibrating machines / V.P. Ustinov, N. F. Golovatov and others. Separately-hardening machining, surface quality and operational properties of machine components Rostov-on-Don: RISKhM, 1977, pp. 80-84) [4].
The vibration effect on the formed pellet with a frequency of 51-68 Hz and an adjustable amplitude of 0.2-2 mm informs him of an elliptical movement (close to a circular trajectory) in three planes and with the help of three imbalances an intensive, spiral movement from the outer to the inner walls and simultaneously translational Along the axis of the working chamber, and with the help of the middle, third unbalance, additional disturbing forces are generated and transmitted to the formation zone of the pellet in order to increase the acceleration and, consequently, the flow rate of the seed draining during processing to form a qualitative porous multicomponent artificial shell on the seeds.
The artificial shell obtained by this method on seeds of agricultural crops is multicomponent and has a porous structure and a spherical surface with sufficient strength for sowing technologies. This has a beneficial effect on the germination process and the smooth appearance of the shoots, which is ensured by the timely disintegration of the dragee coating in wet conditions, by facilitated moisture access for seed swelling, and by the creation around them enriched with the necessary components of the soil environment.
The table presents the results of experimental studies that clearly show the advantage of the obtained drained seeds on the vibrating plant (option 1) compared to the dragee seeds treated with dragee (option 2) and the draped seeds of the German company KBC (option 3).
The applied technology allows to increase labor productivity and efficiency of the method. Thus, the operating time for coating sugar beet seeds with vibration on a torus vibrating device was 2.5 minutes.
The pelletizing of the same amount of beet seeds using the same shell components on known dragee-driers using centrifugal forces for rolling the coating was 15.0 minutes. At the same time, the quality of the dragee worsened - the artificial skin is largely re-consolidated.
CLAIM
A method for draining seeds of crops with vibration, comprising forming and sealing the shell, characterized in that on seeds previously pre-soaked in the solution of the adhesive, the envelope is formed and consolidated simultaneously by vibrating the seeds and other components included in the pellet at a frequency of 51-68 Hz And an amplitude of 0.2-2.0 mm.
print version
Date of publication 06.03.2007гг
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