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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2025943

DEVICE FOR GROWING PLANTS

The name of the inventor: Fomin Leonid Ustinovich [UA]
The name of the patent owner: Fomin Leonid Ustinovich [UA]
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 1992.04.13

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used for growing plants. The aim of the invention is to simplify operation and reduce labor costs for harvesting berries by tilting plants and influencing them with vibrational movements. The device for growing plants comprises a container, in the lower part of which there are segmented cavities connected by channels with a porous layer placed above them and recesses with channels for removing liquid waste. It is new that the container is made with cylindrical recesses parallel to the upper surface of the watertight layer and the sections of the same shape with perforated outer surface with soil inside and vertically arranged elastic elements on the end sides and placed on them by flexible elements in the form of strings . In this case, the sections are equipped with fixed rotation mechanisms, and the elastic elements are the source of vibration.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used for growing plants.

A device for growing plants comprising a container is known on the lower part of which there are segmented cavities connected by channels with a porous layer placed above them.

The nutrient medium in the form of an aqueous solution of salts containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other chemical elements is fed into the segmental cavities, from where it enters the soil layer placed in the reservoir. However, in such a device waste accumulates in the soil layer, which depresses the plants.

These shortcomings are eliminated in the device with recesses and channels for removing waste from the container.

A known device for growing plants comprises a container, in the lower part of which there are segmented cavities connected by channels with a porous layer placed above them and recesses with channels for disposal of waste. Liquid waste leaving the soil layer under the influence of gravity forces to the bottom of the tank, fall into the recesses, from which through the channels and pipelines are withdrawn from the tank.

But such a device for growing plants has a significant drawback, which is expressed in the fact that it is labor intensive for harvesting, so the operation of such a device is difficult.

The aim of the invention is to simplify operation and reduce labor costs for harvesting berries by tilting plants and influencing them with vibrational movements. This is achieved by the fact that in a plant growing device comprising a container, in the lower part of which there are channeled segmental cavities with a porous layer arranged above them and recesses with channels for removing liquid waste, the container is provided with cylindrical recesses parallel to the upper surface of the waterproof layer Forms and placed in them sections of the same shape with a perforated outer surface, with the soil inside and with vertically arranged elastic elements on the end sides and placed on them by flexible elements in the form of strings, while the containers are equipped with fixed rotation mechanisms, and the elastic elements - with vibration sources .

When collecting berries, the container sections with growing plants in them are rotated around the axes, placing them in an inclined position, and creating vibrational movements of flexible elements, they act on plants and berries that from these influences break away from the stems and fall down on the tanks under them Collecting berries.

Thus, by carrying out a container with cylindrically shaped recesses outwardly disposed on the upper surface of the waterproof layer and having sections of the same shape with a perforated outer surface arranged therein, with the soil inside and with vertically arranged elastic elements on the end faces and flexible elements arranged thereon in the form of strings , The device acquires new significant features and the use of such a device in production will yield an economic effect, expressed in reducing labor costs for harvesting berries.

FIG. 1 shows a proposed device for growing plants, a top view with a cutout;
FIG. 2 shows a section AA in FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the B-B in FIG. FIG. 4 is a view along arrow B in FIG. 1; FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the FG in FIG. 4; FIG. 6 is a view along arrow D in FIG. 1; FIG. In Fig. 7 is a section EB in FIG. 6.

The plant growing apparatus comprises a container consisting of a body 1 and a waterproof layer 2 disposed therein with parallel cylindrical recesses 3 on the upper surface beneath which are placed spherical surfaces contacting the nutrient medium 4 forming segmented cavities 5 with a waterproof surface of the body, Connected by channels 6 and provided with branch pipes 7 for connection to a source of a nutrient medium (not shown). Pipes 7, not connected to the consumers, are closed with plugs (not shown).

The waterproof layer 2 in the areas adjacent to the segmented cavities 5 are provided with pores 8 which extend to the recesses 3 at their upper ends. The pores 8 are channels having the shape of a truncated cone with an upper diameter of 5-15 μm and a bottom diameter of 20-60 μm. The porous area contains 20-80 through-holes per 1 cm ² . In the areas not having pores, between the segmented cavities 5 there are arranged indentations 9 with vertical channels 10 connected to the conduits 11 for discharging the waste of the liquid medium.

In the recesses 3 of the waterproof layer 2 are arranged for fixed rotation of the cylinder-shaped container section 12 with the perforated outer surface 13 and the soil 14 inside and also with the elastic elements 15 vertically disposed thereon and flexible elements 16 arranged on them in the form of strings.

The container sections 12 are provided with fixed rotation mechanisms about the axis, each of which is made from axially mounted on the section of journals 17 mounted on the body 1 by means of bearings 18. On one of the journals 17, a handle 19 is fixed. On the housing 1, in the region of the end side Section 12, a bracket is provided with a groove 20 formed along an arc of a circle in which, and a bolt 21 with a nut 22 is located in the opening of the handle 19. Such a device secures the section 12 after turning it.

The device is provided with oscillating movements of the flexible elements 15, each of which consists of a vertical shaft 24 mounted on the housing 1 by means of bearings 23, on which the toothed member 25 and the handle 26 are rigidly fixed. The teeth of the gear member 25 are configured such that when rotating it along the arrow , Shown in FIG. 5, they retract elastic elements 15, which return to their original position under the action of elastic forces.

DEVICE WORKS AS FOLLOWING

In the container section 12, berry plants are planted on the soil layer 14, for example strawberries, which grows between the flexible members 16.

During the growth of plants in the segmental cavities 5, an aqueous solution of salts containing an aqueous solution, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other chemical elements necessary for plants separately is periodically transported. After the filling of the segmental cavities with the nutrient medium, the source thereof is turned off (not shown). The liquid nutrient medium located in the segmental cavities 5 enters the pores 8, which are taken up by its lower bases due to the forces of surface tension and, due to these forces, transport it to the side of smaller diameter until the meniscus takes an extreme position, E. The liquid nutrient medium enters the soil 14 located in the tank sections 12, where it is dispersed along the soil particles, entering them along the pores piercing the soil particles due to the surface tension forces. As the flow rate, the nutrient medium is pumped into the segmental cavities.

When ripe berries appear, they are assembled, for which one of the container sections 12 is rotated in the recess 3 around the axis, in an inclined position, for which the nut 21 is loosened by loosening the connection, after which the section 12 is rotated by means of the handle 19, Horizontal plane, after which the nut 22, which is made in the form of a nut-lug, convenient for manual twisting, is twisted on the bolt 21, fixing the section with the plants growing on it. A position inclined to the horizontal plane is necessary in order for the berries to fall not onto the soil, but into a container 27, which is installed on a horizontal surface especially for picking berries.

Behind the handle 26, the toothed member 25 rotates along the arrow indicated in FIG. 5, which, rotating, with the protuberances of the teeth, pulls the elastic elements 15 aside, and after the action the elastic elements return to their original position due to elastic forces. Periodically repeated action of the teeth on the elastic elements creates vibrations in the latter, which are transferred to the flexible elements 16, and the latter act on the plants, destroying the pedicles from them, and the berries fall into the container 27. After harvesting the berries from the plants of one section, it is returned to its original position By the handle 19, is fixed by tightening the nut 22 and collecting from the next section. Thus, berries are collected from all plants of all sections.

Technical and economic efficiency is as follows.

The device that provides a mechanized harvest of berries from plants, reduces labor costs, which gives an economic effect.

CLAIM

A plant for growing plants comprising a container in the lower part of which are disposed channeled segment cavities with a porous layer arranged above them and recesses with channels for removing liquid waste, characterized in that, in order to reduce the labor costs of harvesting berries by tilting plants and exposing On them with oscillating movements, the container is made with cylindrical recesses parallel to the top surface of the porous layer, with the sections of the same shape with the perforated outer surface placed in them, the soil inside and with elastic elements in the form of strings vertically arranged on them, the sections being provided with a mechanism Fixed rotation, and elastic elements - sources of vibration.

print version
Date of publication 06.03.2007гг

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