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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2035667

TEPLOELEKTROGENERATOR

TEPLOELEKTROGENERATOR

Name of the inventor: Yarygin Valery [RU]; Klepikov Vladimir [RU]; Merchants Gennadiy [RU]; Vizgalov Anatoly Viktorovich [RU]; Wolff Louis Reynolds [NL]
The name of the patentee: Joint Stock Company "Russian-BOT"
Address for correspondence:
Starting date of the patent: 1992.07.06

Use: in the communal household appliances. The inventive converters comprise thermionic emitters, collectors, heat pipes and a common cooling system. The inverter is included in the power supply system. The heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is located in the waste gas system between the ceramic burner and heat exchanger with the possibility of heating the air after the fan. Heat pipes are installed at the top of the flue and devices interact with manifolds and cooling system. The cooling system forms a heat exchanger, a water jacket cooling, heating and / or hot water boiler systems a single coolant circuit. Ceramic burners are designed as infrared burners. The emitters of radiation are located in their area, and the collectors are switched together with the inverter.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a power system and can be used in municipal and household appliances, in particular in the technology of local heat and power homes.

Known Turbofan gas boiler used for complex central heating (hot water and heating), residential buildings, industrial enterprises, for agricultural purposes [1] The water heater includes a furnace contact water heating chamber hot water system with storage tank and circulation pump, heat exchanger chamber It formed as a cylindrical body with a nipple supply of return water and heating water outlet fitting connected through a network with a pump and a superheater heating. The heat exchange chamber is surrounded by a water jacket, and inside contains a superheater tube. The water heater can work in two- and single-loop mode.

However, the gas water heater has a low efficiency due to incomplete heat.

Known heating system used in cottages, caravans, houses, boats and so on. D. For space heating [2] The heating system comprises a closed combustion chamber which ignites the flame of fuel gas and is surrounded by a combustion chamber through which the coolant passes. The heat is given to the coolant, which is directly or indirectly transmits it heats the room by a transmitter (fan) with an electric motor fed by electric current, obtained through a thermoelectric generator to the furnace flame. In this case, the thermoelectric generator is used as an option, facilitates the transfer of heat in heated rooms.

Thus, for the heating system is additionally used in addition to the heat obtained by conventional high-temperature method. However, not fully used the possibility of high-temperature heat.

Known gas boiler heating panel "SUPER" VR-W / B, developed by the Dutch company ATAG, which is used for hot water and heating of buildings [3] The gas boiler has a modular structure. It is a rectangular building, which modularly placed fire box, the control unit (microprocessor) control valves "gas security regulation", the circulation pump, boiler, thermostatic mixing valve, three-way diverting valve, chimney, air supply and exhaust systems, gas and water.

Fire box with water-cooled fully encased, including a heat exchanger made of stainless steel with a collector for waste gases, the burner with the ceramic flat located above the fan and with an electronic ignitor. The control unit (microprocessor) with digital display functions and error monitoring the progress of all the functions and own programming, with the memory priority control for controlling the three-way diverting valve. Depending on the position of three-way valve the water heated in the heat exchanger can flow in a heating boiler for heating water, which is then used for hot water supply, or to the radiator for heating, or in two directions simultaneously. Built into the boiler and the pump operates as an accumulative heating device with automatic idle pump and automatic locking of the pump (heating circulation pump is running heating 5 min periods daily to avoid deaf landings due to corrosion).

Gas boiler is reliable in operation, has an efficiency of 93% lower emissions of pollutants such as NO x, it is convenient for maintenance and refurbishment, as it consists of individual modules.

Said gas boiler heating panel "SUPER" VR-W / B is closest to the invention by the technical essence. However, the generated gas boiler high-temperature heat is used for low-temperature purposes, thus not fully exploited opportunities generated heat.

The aim of the invention to provide teploelektrogeneratora that effectively utilizes the high-temperature heat is obtained and used to produce heat, hot water and electricity, for example, local heat and power homes.

For this teploelektrogenerator, comprising a housing, which houses the fire box with a pipe for discharging flue gases, built-in cooling the housing and including a ceramic burner connected to a pipeline with shut-off and control valves, fan nozzles intake and air supply, an incendiary device and a heat exchanger, connected by pipeline with jacket cooling and by the circulation pump and the three-way valve to the heating system and (or) boiler hot water system, the fan control unit, shut-off and control valves, the circulating valve and three-way valve, is proposed to further provide a heat exchanger, heat exchanger, thermionic converter comprising emitters, collectors, heat pipes and the system for cooling and and an inverter included in the power supply system, wherein the heat exchanger-recuperator is placed in the exhaust gas system between the ceramic burner and a heat exchanger with the possibility of heating the air after the fan, the heat pipes are installed in the upper part of furnace devices and interact with collectors and cooling system, the latter forms a heat exchanger, a water jacket cooling, heating and (or) hot water boiler systems a single circulation of the coolant circuit, the emitters are located in the radiation zone of ceramic burners and together with the collectors switched to the inverter. The emitters teploelektrogeneratore thermionic converters may have the shape of an ellipse or cylinder.

The technical result of the invention is the use of high temperature heat to produce electricity and exhaust the remaining low temperature heat to produce heat and hot water.

Electricity is obtained through the conversion of thermionic converter (TIC) high-temperature heat into electricity. Moreover, only a part of the heat is converted into electricity, heat is removed from the rest of the TEP via heat pipes in the hot water system. The effectiveness of the design features of TEP achieved flue devices. Thus, the TIC emitters surrounded infrared burners that produce heat at a temperature T = 1700 ° C. Such temperature is achieved by supplying heated air in the burner. The air is heated in the embedded between the burners and heat exchanger metal heat exchanger-recuperator. The heat exchanger-recuperator is designed so that the exhaust flue gases before entering the water or air cooling system and further to a chimney passing through it for the appropriate channels, with adjacent channel passes air sucked in the fan of the burner, and in the results of the air heated through the wall of passing the hot flue gases. DC current produced by the TIC, the inverter is converted to AC voltage suitable for consumption.

The use of thermoelectric converters in heating systems is known (see. European Patent Application N 0290833), but the converters are used as an additional device for heat transfer room. In our case, converters generate electricity used to power consumer, and only the residual heat is additionally used for heating and hot water.

Thus, the invention has a new set of features, consisting in the arrangement, the block recuperative burners and TEP placed in the combustion device and interacting with the supply chain through an inverter system and hot water and heating via the cooling system. As a result, devices, new features, namely the more efficient use of high-temperature heat, so the heat is used to produce electricity, heat and hot water supply, ie get a new "excess" effect.

FIG. 1 is a schematic teploelektrogeneratora; Figure 2 fire box with a thermionic converter fanless water cooling system with TPE, general view; Figure 3 heat exchanger, the heat exchanger; 4 teploelektrogeneratora circuit with an air cooling system TEC.

Teploelektrogenerator comprises a housing 1, which houses the control unit 2 (microprocessor) and a shut-off control valves 3 are connected with the flue device 4, gas inlet 5 and air 6 and water 7, the chimney 8, boiler 9 with a supply of cold water 10 and the outlet warm water 11, which are connected to a thermostatic mixing valve 12. The heated water is fed into the heating system and the boiler 9 by means of the circulation pump 13 and the three-position distribution valve 14 (see FIG. 1).

Furnace device 4 is enclosed in a water jacket 15, and comprises a metallic heat exchanger 16, a fan 17 for supplying air to the auxiliary heat exchanger-recuperator 18 where the preheated air is supplied to the burner 19 of infrared radiation, for example a cyclone type, wherein the shape of the burner corresponds to the shape of thermionic converters 20, the outer envelope which represents the emitter 21 and the inner manifold 22 connected to the heat pipe 23. heat pipes 23 are surrounded by water TEP 20 (see FIG. 2) or air (see. FIG. 4), the cooling system 24. Form emitters 21 (TIC outer shells) may have an elliptical form (see. The right in Figure 2) or cylindrical (see. The left in Figure 2). The gas-air mixture in the combustion device 4 is ignited by an electronic incendiary device 25 (see. FIG. 2). The generated sequentially switched TEP 20, electric power is supplied to the semiconductor inverter 26, where converted, it is served to the consumer.

3 is a sectional view of the heat exchanger-recuperator 18 indicating the air channels 27 and the smoke channels 28, 29 separated by plates.

TEPLOELEKTROGENERATOR WORKS AS FOLLOWS

At the request of heat and electricity consumers includes the control unit 2 (microprocessor), which inspects all system functions, and then releases the starting process. The fan 17 and the air sucked through the inlet 16 for combustion air. The fan 17 is measured by the amount of air (by differential air pressure transducer). When you reach the desired volume control unit 2 starts 10 with the flow of gas from the inlet 5 through gas shut-off and control valves 3 and launches electronic ignition 25. The gas flows into the torch 19, is mixed with air and ignited. Since the construction of flue unit 4, an additional heat exchanger, the heat exchanger 18, the supply air fan 17 is heated therein to a temperature of 1000 1400 ° C, increasing the combustion temperature to 2100 to 2500 C, and this in turn allows heat emissivity surface infrared burners 19 1700 to 1600 C. in order to reduce the size and increase the efficiency of the heat exchanger-recuperator 18 is provided in the form of alternating air and flue planar channels 27 separated by ceramic plates 28 (see Fig. 3). The flue gases passing through their own channels, give off heat through the separator plates 28 air entering the adjacent channel to the burner 19. Further, the flue gases through the stack 8 out into the atmosphere. The heat generated in the burners 9, broken down as follows: about 60% of the heat is transferred by radiation and convection TEP 20, which is partially converted into electricity, and partly given through a water or air cooling system 24, water or air; the remaining 40% of the heat transferred via the metal heat exchanger 16 the water supplied through the inlet 7. The water jacket 15 surrounding the fire box 4 prevents heat loss into the environment.

Converting natural gas combustion heat into electricity occurs in the TIC 20 by thermionic effect, which is caused by electron emission from a heated to a temperature of about 1400 C the emitter 21. The electrons entering the collector 22, the emission current creates ~ 4 5 A / cm 2, which is sufficient for use in the home. Form emitter 21 and collector 22 may be different. They can form a concave-convex system, where collector 22 is positioned above the emitter 21 (see FIG. 2 to the right), and can be arranged coaxially, where collector 22 is positioned within the emitter 21 (see FIG. 2 on the left). For increasing the expense of the emission surface of the coaxial arrangement is achieved, and a resulting increase in the generated electric power.

Do not converted into electric energy of the heat is removed from the reservoir 22 by means of liquid metal heat pipe 23, and then removed the water or air cooling system 24. In the latter case, the heat is removed by means of air cooling fins, which are equipped with the heat pipes 23 TEP 20 (see FIG. 4).

After passing the water through fire box 4 is heated to 90 ~ C and is fed as desired by the built consumer circulation pump 13 and the three-position distribution valve 14 to the heating system or in a boiler 9, or in two directions simultaneously. The temperature of water supplied to the consumer from the boiler 9 through the outlet 11 is regulated by a thermostatic mixing valve 12 connected to the outlet 11 hot water from the boiler 9 and a cold water supply 10 to the boiler 9.

The generated sequentially switched TEP 20, electric power is supplied to the semiconductor inverter 26, where it is converted to a conditional parameters (~ 220) and fed into the power grid to the consumer.

Teploelektrogeneratora All systems described above are arranged in a compact housing 1 with dimensions 1000h800h400 mm. Teploelektrogeneratory new generation not only meet the increasing environmental requirements (low emissions of NO x and CO 2), but also may provide the consumer with electricity independently or return it to the commercial network, thereby returning consumer financial costs incurred by the generator on the time of purchase.

Thus, the proposed teploelektrogenerator has new consumer properties and economic benefits, as the self-sustaining.

CLAIM

1. TEPLOELEKTROGENERATOR, comprising a housing, which houses the fire box with a pipe for flue gas, built-in water cooling cover and includes a ceramic burner connected to a pipeline with shut-off and control valves, fan nozzles and air intake, an incendiary device and a heat exchanger connected pipe with water jacket and cooling through the circulation pump and the three-way valve to the heating and / or boiler systems of hot water supply, the control unit fan stop and control valves, circulation pump and the three-way valve, characterized in that it further comprises a heat exchanger, heat exchanger, thermionic converters comprising emitters, collectors, heat pipes and the system for cooling and and an inverter included in the power supply system, wherein the heat exchanger-recuperator is placed in the exhaust gas system between the ceramic burner and a heat exchanger with the possibility of heating the air after the fan, heat pipe installed in the upper part of furnace devices and communicate with manifolds and cooling system, the latter forming the heat exchanger, water jacket cooling, heating, and / or a boiler hot water supply system of a single heating medium circuit, wherein the ceramic burner are designed as infrared burners, and the emitters are located in the zone and their radiation collectors are switched together with the inverter.

2. The heat generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the emitters are elliptical.

3. The heat generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the emitters have a cylindrical shape.

print version
Publication date 25.01.2007gg