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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2140045

process heaters

process heaters

Name of the inventor: Dobriansky VL .; Zaretsky YV .; Rysev VV .; Serazetdinov F.SH .; Timonin VA .; Serazitdinov R.Sh.
The name of the patentee: State Enterprise "Aviagaz-Union"
Address for correspondence: 420036, Kazan, ul.Dementeva 1, GP "Aviagaz-Union"
Starting date of the patent: 1998.07.06

Process heater refers to devices intended for heating of liquids and gases, and can be used in various industries, for example, to preheat the inlet gas distribution stations to prevent hydrate formation process. The heater comprises a heating medium source, with the heat exchanger tube bundle section of the radiation shielded heat exchange tubes, equally spaced relation to the inner wall of the housing, a chimney, the entrance and exit manifolds heated medium. When used as a source of heating medium burner for radiating section forming furnace volume situated internal convection bank of heat exchange tubes, equally spaced along the radii of coaxial radially waterwall tubes arrangement, all the heat exchange tubes are inserted one into another tube, outside of which performed with the closed end facing towards the combustion unit, and the other end outside of the flue duct, the working chamber of each of the heat exchange tubes communicated with two removable collectors nozzles entry and exit of the heated medium. Furthermore, the annulus formed by the outer and inner tubes of each heat exchange tube, mounted swirler heated medium in the form of helically wound on the inner tube wire length from the closed end of at least the length of the radiant section kotoroya, in turn, should be less than the magnitude range of a torch burner. The technical result of the invention is to improve reliability.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a device intended for heating of liquids and gases to ensure process efficiency and can be used in various industries, for example - to preheat the inlet gas distribution stations to prevent hydrate formation process.

Known gas heater (see. Eg, AA Danilov, AI Petrov. Gas distribution station. Saint-Petersburg, Nedra, 1997, pp. 14, 30), which is, an oven radiative-convective type of riser stack gas burner fitted podoschelevoy. The base and lid side walls are lined with refractory material preheater. heater exchanger is a single-coil, consisting of two sections: the lower and upper radiation, convection. When this heated gas enters the top, convective, serpentine section where the hot exhaust gases from the burner flame podoschelevoy then enters the radiant section where finally heated by the burner flame radiation. The disadvantages of such devices should be attributed their lack of reliability and durability, or an expensive operation that is the need, in practice, the annual repair of the walls of the refractory materials, but also to the need to complete replacement of the coil unit with a possible local burnout of its wall.

Known air heater (see. Copyright certificate USSR N 567905, cl. The F 24 H 3/08, F 23 L 15/04,), containing a burner shell and tube heat exchanger with the radiation section, shielded heat exchange tubes, equally spaced with respect to the inner wall of the casing, chimney , inlet and outlet manifolds of the heated air (prototype).

A disadvantage of the known device is its low efficiency associated with insufficient heat removal at only one radiant section, a and - low durability and reliability of the whole device, since any possible burnout of the pipe section of radiation becomes necessary to replace the complete heat exchanger.

The aim of the invention is to increase reliability and durability, manufacturability design, reducing operating costs while maintaining high process efficiency of the heater as a whole.

This object is achieved in that the heater heat exchanger than the radiant section forming the flue volume burner is disposed internal convective heat exchange tube bundle, radially equally spaced, radially waterwall tubes coaxial arrangement. Thus all the heat exchange tubes are inserted one into another tube, outside of which are made with the closed end (such tubes are known as the Field's tubes, or bayonet), to the side facing the burner. At the other end, outside the flue box working cavity of each heat exchange tubes communicated with two removable collectors nozzles entry and exit of the heated medium. Furthermore, the annulus formed by the outer and inner tube of each heat exchange tube, the heated medium swirler installed, designed as a spirally wound wire on the inner tube at the closed end of the length equal to the length of the radiant section.

The drawing shows a general view of a process heater in longitudinal section, separately - cut the heat exchange tube.

process heaters

A heater comprising a source of heating medium, which is for example, a burner device 1 facing towards the torch heat exchanger disposed in the casing 2 and the heat exchanger is divided into three radiation and convection section 4. Radiation Section 3, forms the combustion volume, with a length along the axis of the heat exchanger is not less than the value range of a torch burner 1 is shielded heat exchange tubes 5 arranged relative to the inner wall of the housing 2, the front end is bounded burner unit 1, with adjustable - internal convection beam 6 of the heat exchanger pipes, similar to pipes 5 and equally spaced along the radii, the radius of the coaxial arrangement of screen pipes 5.

Thus all the heat exchange tubes 5, 6 are inserted one into another pipe 7, 8, external 7 of which are made with the closed end facing towards the burner 1, and with the other end, outside the flue box 9, the working chamber of each of the heat exchange tubes communicated with two detachable nozzles 10, 11 from the input manifolds 12 and outlet 13 of the heated medium. Furthermore, in the annular gap 14 formed by the outer 7 and inner 8 tubes each heat exchange pipe installed swirler 15 heated medium, made in the form of a spiral wound on the inner pipe 8 wire length from the closed end of equal length radiating section 3. The use of the swirler 15 not only provides the necessary mutual centering of the tubes 7, 8, but also significantly intensifies the heat transfer process.

HEATER WORKS AS FOLLOWS

The purified natural gas from the pipeline enters the inlet manifold 12 by nozzles 10 into the annular gap 14 of heat exchange tubes 5, 6 which, moving in the direction of the furnace volume radiant section 3 is heated by external walls 7, which are washed with hot counter flow of combustion products, moving in the direction of the flue duct 9. Thus, by the most optimal scheme of counter-movement of coolant (heating and heated gas). Using swirler 15 in heat-stressed most radiant section of the heat exchanger 3 due to the intensification of heat transfer provides high efficiency of heat transfer from the heating process, the heated gas temperature and decrease "fire" the wall 7 of the outer tubes to acceptable levels. Thus, the heated and heat exchange tubes in the swirling gas reversal after relatively closed end external pipe 7 enters the inner tube 8 and further along the nozzles 11 - 13 to the outlet header from which the block is transported to the reducing gas distribution station. The presence of removable connectors 10 and 11 allows each year (for example, during summer time) dismantle each heat exchange tube separately from visual inspection, hydrotesting and (if necessary) to radiographic inspection, followed by its replacement, while maintaining the overall heating source in general.

Thus, the proposed design allows the heater annual maintenance inspection and replacement (if necessary) of each heat exchange tube separately. On the other hand, providing a high heat transfer coefficient in the most heat-stressed, the radiant section of the heat exchanger, the main objective proposed is achieved by the invention: improvement of reliability and durability, manufacturability design, reducing operating costs while maintaining high process efficiency of the heater as a whole.

CLAIM

1. Process heater comprising a source of heating medium, a heat exchanger tube bundle section with radiation, a shielded heat exchange tubes, equally spaced relation to the inner wall of the housing, the stack, inlet and outlet manifolds heated medium, characterized in that when used as a heating medium source for the burner radiation section forming furnace volume situated internal convection bank of heat exchange tubes, equally spaced along the radii of coaxial radial location waterwall tubes, all the heat exchange tubes are inserted one into the other tube, the outer of which is formed with the closed end facing towards the combustion unit and at the other end, outside of the flue duct, the working chamber of each of the heat exchange tubes communicated with two removable collectors nozzles entry and exit of the heated medium.

2. The process heater of claim. 1, characterized in that the cross-sectional area formed by the shell-side gaps within the waterwall tubes of the flue duct should be at least the free cross-sectional area of ​​the tube bundle within the housing, and the length of the radiant section is not less than the magnitude range of a flame burner, moreover, in the annular gap formed by the inner and outer tubes of each heat exchange tube, the heated medium swirler installed, designed as a spirally wound wire on the inner tube at the closed end of the length of at least the length of the radiant section.

print version
Publication date 25.03.2007gg