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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2212597
METHOD OF INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE HEAT GENERATOR OF THE CAVITATIONAL TYPE
The inventor's name: Lev Nikolaevich Britvin
The name of the patent holder: Britvin Lev Nikolaevich
Address for correspondence: 111673, Moscow, ul. Novokosinskaya, 13, building 1, ap. 76, L.N. Britvin
Date of commencement of the patent: 1999.05.19
The invention relates to methods for obtaining thermal energy by the process of cavitation in a liquid flow. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the value of the pressure in the circulation circuit at the inlet to the pump for the operating value of the liquid temperature in the circuit and the specified geometry of the working channel of the heat generator is set by the maximum heat release in the cavitation heat generator, for example, by the maximum of the derivative dq / dt, where q is the quantity Heat on a heat meter withdrawn from the heat generator limiting the minimum inlet pressure to the pump in a quantity ensuring its non-cavitation operation for the operating temperature of the liquid in the circulation circuit and to adjust the global maximum of heat release both the temperature in the circulation circuit and the inlet pressure in Pump at a given flow rate through the heat generator, including during periods of heating of the circuit from the moment the pump is switched on for discrete control of the switching on and off of the heat generator, for example, when it operates in heating systems
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to methods for obtaining thermal energy by the process of cavitation in a liquid flow.
A method for obtaining heat energy is known where in a flow of liquid circulating in a closed loop by means of a pump cavitation is created and subjected to a flow of variable pressure, imposing predetermined limitations on the static pressure in the heat generator [1] - the prototype.
The disadvantage of the known method lies in the fact that it is practically impossible in the cavitation generator with the complicated geometry of the working channel to determine in advance the places and zones of cavitation, depending on the flow temperatures existing at different sections of the working channel, but also on the pressure in these sections, Operating conditions, it is necessary to regulate the level of the maximum heat output of the heat generator.
The purpose of this proposal is to increase the efficiency of a cavitational-type heat generator operating in a closed circulation circuit in which the flow of liquid passing through the heat generator is set by the pump while simultaneously ensuring both reliable operation of the pump (the most sensitive to destructive effects of cavitation) and the ability to set the heat output level Heat generator at the maximum specific heat for the used heat generator design.
This goal is solved by the fact that the value of the pressure in the circulation circuit at the inlet to the pump for the operating value of the liquid temperature in the circuit and the given geometry of the working channel of the heat generator is set by the maximum heat release in the cavitation heat generator, for example, by the maximum of the derivative dq / dt, where q is the amount of heat (On a heat meter), taken away from the heat generator, t is the time, limiting the minimum pressure at the pump inlet to the value providing its non-cavitation work for the operating temperature of the liquid in the circulation circuit.
In addition, in order to achieve a global maximum of heat release from the heat source circulation circuit at a given flow rate through the cavitational heat generator, both the operating temperature and the pressure at the pump inlet are regulated. And in order to minimize the energy consumption for bringing the pump unit on, it is switched on when the working temperature in the circulating loop drops below the set minimum allowable temperature and is turned off when the maximum permissible operating temperature is reached in the circulation circuit, continuously changing the pressure in the circulation circuit along the temperature in this circuit, Ensuring maximum heat release as the temperature of the working fluid changes. At the same time, to regulate the thermal maximum power of the heat generator, the circulation rate through the heat generator is regulated.
In the drawing, an example of the implementation of this method is given.
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The electric motor 1 drives the pump 2 supplying the working fluid to a cavity type heat generator 3 whose output through the heat exchanger 4 and the shunt flow controllable throttle 5 is communicated with the outlet of the pump 2 by a hydrolysis line containing a source of fluid with a controlled pressure. In this case, this source is made in the form of a pneumatic accumulator 6, the pressure in which is set by a reducer 7. The heat exchanger 4 of the secondary circuit, which takes heat from the circulation circuit of the heat generator 3, contains heat energy meter 8 and a differentiating unit 9, generating a signal for the amount of heat flow power connected to The input of the extreme regulator 10, which is connected to both the temperature sensors 11 and the primary circuit pressure 12 - the heat source circulation circuit 3.
The extreme regulator 10 is connected to the pressure regulator 7 and the throttle flow controller 5 and / or 5 for setting and stabilizing the temperature in the circulation circuit, and also in the embodiment can be communicated with the speed controller 13 of the electric motor 1, which influences the flow of liquid through Heat generator 3 and, consequently, its heat output.
The heat generator with the regulator 10 can operate in different characteristic modes, in general the effect of the regulator 10 on the value of the pressure at the inlet to the pump is by means of the regulator of the reduction gear 7 in such a way that a maximum of the heat output from the heat generator is attained while limiting the minimum value of this pressure to a value, Providing with the existing temperature of the working fluid in the heat-generator circuit, the non-cavitational operating mode of the pump 2. In the cases of using the heat generator, when the working temperature of the liquid is permissible within a wide range, for example, with relay control of the average heat output, the controller 10 can affect both the temperature in the heat generator and By the value of the pressure at the inlet to the pump, ensuring the achievement of a global maximum of heat release at a given flow rate of the liquid through the heat generator determined by the power (frequency) controller 13 of the electric motor 1.
In the absence of a frequency controller 13 (with a stabilized flow rate through the heat generator), the minimum heating time for the secondary circuit, for example the heat exchanger 4 (fulfilling the function of the heat accumulator), from the minimum temperature to the maximum permissible, is realized by the regulator 10 by acting on the regulators 5, 5 or 7, Which makes it possible to achieve a global maximum of heat release from the heat generator in the process of heating the secondary circuit.
In the case of the requirement of temperature stabilization at a given value at a variable power of the heat flux to be taken, the global maximum of energy release is achieved by the influence of the regulator 10 primarily on the regulator 7, followed by action on the flow regulators 5 and the frequency 13, when the possibilities for increasing the heat release due to the previous regulator are exhausted.
The described control method makes it possible to substantially simplify the technical implementation of cavitation heat generators having a complex flow pattern that varies with the variation of temperature and power regimes, and thereby ensure their maximum technical and economic efficiency.
INFORMATION SOURCES
Patent of the Russian Federation 2054604, cl. F 24 J 3/00.
CLAIM
A method for increasing the efficiency of a cavity type heat generator operating in a closed circulation circuit in which the flow rate of the fluid passing through the cavitating heat generator is set by a pump, characterized in that the pressure value in the circulation circuit at the pump inlet for the current operating temperature of the fluid in the circuit and the predetermined The geometry of the working channel of the heat generator is set by the maximum of the derivative dq / dt, where q is the amount of heat from the heat meter removed from the heat generator, limiting the minimum inlet pressure to the pump to ensure its non-cavitation operation for the operating temperature of the liquid in the circulation loop.
The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the circulation circuit, both the operating temperature and the pressure at the pump inlet are adjusted until a global maximum of heat release from the circulation circuit of the cavity-type heat generator at a given flow rate through the cavitation heat generator.
The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pump set is activated when the operating temperature is lowered in the circulating loop than the minimum allowed and is turned off when the maximum permissible operating temperature is reached in the circulation circuit, continuously changing the pressure in the circulation circuit by the temperature with the pump on, Obtaining the maximum of heat release for the current time from the moment the pump is switched on.
A method according to any one of 1-3, characterized by setting the heat output level of the heat generator by regulating the circulation flow in the heat generator circuit, acting directly on the pump supply.
print version
Date of publication 06.12.2006гг
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