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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2160417
PUMP-TEPLOGENERATOR FOR AUTONOMOUS CLOSED HEAT SUPPLY SYSTEMS
The name of the inventor: Petrakov Alexander Dmitrievich; Maspanov Gennady Pavlovich
The name of the patent holder: Petrakov Alexander Dmitrievich; Maspanov Gennady Pavlovich
Address for correspondence: 658224, Altai Territory, Rubtsovsk, Lenin Avenue 64, Apt.116, Petrakovu AD
Date of commencement of the patent: 1998.05.29
The invention relates to the construction of pump-heat generators, which can be used in autonomous closed systems of heat supply and liquid heating in technological systems without combustion of organic fuel. The rotary pump-heat generator contains a hollow body with a suction nozzle for supplying the heated liquid and a discharge nozzle for withdrawing the heated liquid. Inside the rotor is located in the form of a centrifugal wheel with holes on the periphery and a stator with holes. The stator is mounted coaxially to the rotor. The centrifugal wheel is double-flow. The holes of the rotor are in the form of conoidal nozzles tapering towards the stator. The stator holes are made in the form of suddenly expanding nozzles with the transition into conical divergent nozzles with the angle of expansion 
= 90 °. This shape of the stator orifices allows to eliminate the Coanda effect (adherence) of the boundary layer of the liquid to the adjacent wall and to increase the zones of hydrodynamic cavitation. The invention is directed to the creation of a simpler device, and also to the intensification of liquid heating by increasing the force of hydraulic impact and hydrodynamic cavitation.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the construction of pump-heat generators, which can be used mainly in autonomous closed systems of heat supply of residential, public and industrial buildings, and for heating liquids in technological systems.
The nearest technological solution is the ultrasonic activator (patent RU No. 2054604 C1 of 20.02.1996), containing two or more connected in series working chambers, in each of which impellers of a centrifugal pump are mounted, fixed on the periphery by rotors in the form of perforated rings. Coaxially to the rotors in the housings of the working chambers, opposite each rotor is fixed a stator made in the form of a perforated ring. The working chambers are communicating with each other through diffusers. The last working chamber is connected to the first chamber by a circulation circuit.
The disadvantages of the known device are:
- Large axial loads on bearings;
- Non-technological assembly, as it requires a single-piece assembly of the rotor, body parts, stator;
- Difficulty in ensuring mutual centering of conjugated parts;
- The complexity of ensuring a high density of the device's housing with fluctuations in pressure and temperature.
The object of the invention is to create a simpler device, and also to intensify the heating of the liquid by increasing the force of hydraulic shock and hydrodynamic cavitation.
The foregoing task is achieved in that a rotor and a stator are arranged concentrically in each of the rotor hydrostatic pump-heat generator comprising a housing with branch pipes for supply and discharge of liquid. In the peripheral part of the rotor, holes are made in the form of conoidal nozzles, the expanding parts of which are located to the center of the rotor. In the stator, the openings are widened toward the body and have the shape of a suddenly expanding nozzle with a transition into a conical divergent nozzle with an expansion angle = 90 ° .
This shape of the stator holes allows to eliminate the Coanda effect - the adhesion of the boundary layer of the liquid to the adjacent wall and to a greater extent contributes to the occurrence of hydrodynamic cavitation than, for example, the stator orifices made in the form of a conical divergent nozzle.
The rotor is equipped with blades, like a centrifugal pump, designed to communicate the centrifugal force of the heated liquid.
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In Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a pump-heat generator consisting of the following basic parts: |
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In Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a heat pump: |
In Fig. 3 shows the position of the rotor and stator rings when aligning the holes. In this position, zone II produces hydrodynamic cavitation.
In Fig. 4 shows the position of the rotor and stator rings when the holes do not coincide (overlap). At this moment, hydraulic impacts occur in zones I of the rotor, and in cavities II cavitation bubbles disappear under the action of hydrostatic pressure in the injection cavity.
THE DESCRIBED PUMP-TEPLOGENERATOR WORKS FOLLOWING
The heated liquid through the suction nozzle 6 of the hollow body 1 of FIG. 1 enters the suction cavity 8 and, divided into two flows, is directed to the rotor 3, which is in the form of a double-flow impeller of a centrifugal pump.
The rotor 3, rotating, acts with the vanes on the liquid, discarding it to the peripheral part and communicating kinetic energy to the fluid flow.
The liquid, passing through the conoidal holes, is divided into jets with the maximum specific kinetic energy and maximum speed in comparison with other forms of nozzles.
At the moment when the holes of the rotor 5 overlap the side walls of the stator 2 of FIG. 4, there is a sharp increase in pressure (in zone I of Figure 4) - a direct hydraulic shock. Since the number of holes in the rotor and stator is the same, the radial directions of the hydraulic jets of the jets are evenly distributed along the circumference of the stator. At the moment of aligning the holes of the rotor and the stator, the pressure drops sharply and part of the energy of the liquid passes into thermal energy, which can be determined by the formula:
At the moment when the holes of the rotor 5 and the stator 6 are aligned, the liquid that receives high kinetic energy enters the diverging orifices of the stator, where a sudden increase in pressure and a drop in the velocity of the liquid occurs, and because of sudden expansion of the holes in the stator and because of the large angle of expansion of the walls of the holes FIG. 3 - there is a separation of the liquid stream from the walls. In zone II of FIG. 3, the pressure drops sharply below the pressure of water vapor, the liquid effervesces, and hydrodynamic cavitation occurs. At the time of the next shutting of the rotor holes by the stator walls in the stator orifices in the zones II, the pressure rises and the cavitation bubbles "collapse", causing local hydraulic micro-impacts accompanied by high pressure spikes to 1500-2000 kg / cm 2 and temperatures of 1000-1500 ° C .
The oscillations of the hydraulic system caused by hydraulic shocks and hydrodynamic cavitation, superimposed, contribute to the emergence of a regime of self-oscillations. Since the establishment of the self-oscillation regime, the rate of heating of the liquid increases sharply.
The liquid heated as a result of energy release is expelled to the outlet branch pipe 7 of FIG. 2 and is sent to the heat consumption system.
This pump-heat generator can be used for heating and hot water supply of cottages, rural, civil and industrial facilities, as well as for heating liquids in technological processes.
The use of the proposed pump-heat generator makes it possible to provide objects away from main pipelines with hot water and thermal energy, and the environment is not contaminated by the products of combustion of fuel in places of thermal energy generation.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Т.М. Bashta. Machine building hydraulics. - M .: Mechanical Engineering, 1971, pp. 44-49, 118, 349, 375, 379-381, 509-512.
2. L. M. Kurganov, N.F. Fedorov. Handbook on hydraulic calculations of water supply and sewage systems. - Leningrad: Stroyizdat, 1973, pp. 56-67, 185-194.
3. L.I. Bogomolov, K.A. Mikhailov. Hydraulics. - Moscow: Stroyizdat, 1972, pp. 87-92, 142-150, 398-405.
CLAIM
A rotary pump-heat generator comprising a hollow body with a suction nozzle for supplying the heated liquid and a discharge pipe for withdrawing the heated liquid, and a rotor in the form of a centrifugal wheel with holes around the periphery and a stator with holes installed coaxially to the rotor, characterized in that the centrifugal wheel The holes in the rotor - in the form of conoidal nozzles tapering towards the stator, and the holes of the latter - in the form of suddenly expanding nozzles with the transition into conical divergent nozzles with the angle of expansion = 90 ° .
print version
Date of publication 08.12.2006гг
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