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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2076467
INDUCTION HEATER OF A FLUID ENVIRONMENT
The name of the inventor: Brailovsky Vladimir Borisovich; Braynes Alevtina Samuilovna; Kalachev Vladislav Viktorovich; Ryzhkov Anatoly Efimovich
The name of the patent holder: Brailovsky Vladimir Borisovich; Braynes Alevtina Samuilovna; Kalachev Vladislav Viktorovich; Ryzhkov Anatoly Efimovich
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 1993.02.15
Use: in the chemical, biological, microelectronic industry to maintain high chemical purity of heated media, highly aggressive solutions. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The induction heater comprises a housing, an induction coil, a heat sink element consisting of a heating tube placed in a protective shell of monocrystalline corundum. The mutual arrangement and fastening of the heater elements make it possible to increase the reliability of its operation.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to electrothermia, in particular to the construction and method for manufacturing induction heaters of liquid and gaseous media and can be used in the chemical, biological and microelectronic industries under the stringent requirements of maintaining high chemical purity of heated media and highly aggressive solutions.
The construction of an induction heater [1] is known which consists of a glass tube inside which there are a large number of metal pipes connected to a bundle through which liquid flows. Outside, around the glass tube, the turns of a high-frequency inductor are located, which, when current passes, heat a bundle of metal tubes inside the glass tube. The liquid, passing through the metal tubes, is heated to the required temperature.
A disadvantage of the described construction is that the heated liquid contacts metal tubes and, in the presence of aggressive agents, metal ions from which the tubes are made can enter the solution, and prolonged operation in corrosive media (acids, alkalis, etc.) leads to strong dissolution of metals.
As a prototype, the induction heater design of the fluid [2] is selected which consists of a housing enclosed by an induction coil and mounted axially within the tubular heat-dissipating element. The body of the heat-emitting element is made of a chemically resistant single crystal, to the inner surface of which, with a clearance from its ends, there is a heating unit made in the form of telescopically connected cylinders of electrically conductive material with cuts along the generatrix. The cuts of the cylinders are located in diametrically opposite directions and the length of the inner cylinder is chosen for less than the length of the outer cylinder.
A disadvantage of the described construction is that a molybdenum sheet is used as the heating unit, which at room temperature has an elasticity sufficient to obtain an electrical contact between the telescopically inserted heating elements and the heating elements cut along the cylinder generators. However, during prolonged heating, annealing of the metal and its recrystallization occur. At the same time, the elasticity is lost, the electrical contact deteriorates, which leads to the formation of local overheating zones and changes its electrical parameters. In addition, when molybdenum is used, the efficiency of the heater decreases due to its low electrical conductivity. To this still add its high cost and scarcity.
The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability of the induction heater for highly aggressive liquids, melts and vapors (acids, alkalis, molten alkali metals, etc.).
This object is achieved by the fact that the heating element is made in the form of a tube, and the protective shell in the form of a glass, the tube is supported at one end by at least three metal elastic plates creating a gap with the inner surface of the shell, the second end of the tube is connected to a corundum liner sealed With a glass-cement shell, the glass and the liner being made from the same preform and having the same crystalline orientation.
The described heater design is manufactured in the following manner. After the tube of the heating element is made of an electrically conductive material, a single-crystal tubular shell is formed from the melt of alumina (corundum) of the necessary length with an internal diameter larger than the outer diameter of the heating element tube, after which the bottom is cut, passing from growing a tube of specified dimensions to A solid rod with the same outer diameter, a further grown monocrystalline tubular shell with a thickened bottom is torn from the melt, cooled, cut off from the bottom of the solid corundum rod and made from it a figured liner, on the one hand reduced in diameter and connected to a heating element , And on the other hand it is hermetically connected with the glass cement to the tubular part of the shell, having previously placed a heat-releasing element with reinforced spring supports on it.
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In Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of the device, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in Fig. 1.
The shell 1 is of profiled monocrystalline corundum in the form of a tubular shell with a bottom in which a metallic conductive tube 2 with a gap 3 is placed between the shell of the housing 1 and the tube 2 which is provided by a spring support 4. The sealedness is ensured by the soldered glass cement 5 corundum liner 6 which is simultaneously connected to Metal conductive tube 2 of the heater. The heating device is fixed in the holder 7 and placed in the conduit 8 through which the aggressive heating fluid 9 is pumped. Heating occurs by the release of heat by an electrically conductive tube when it is heated by induction by passing a high frequency current through the turns of the inductor 10. The insert 6, cut from the core portion of the thickened bottom of the grown single crystal, will have the same crystallographic orientation with the tubular part of the shell, . Since the liner will have the same orientation, soldering will not generate stresses that can destroy the structure. In addition, since this liner has the same diameter as the tubular portion of the shell, no mechanical treatment of the liner will be required over the outer diameter. On the one hand, the diameter of the liner is reduced and a tubular heater is attached to it by rolling. After that, the heater is inserted into the shell, and the opposite side of the liner is hermetically sealed with glass cement with a tubular part of the shell. Soldering takes place in a vacuum or an inert gas environment. After melting of the glass cement and its solidification, a vacuum or an inert atmosphere is provided inside the shell. At the end opposite the liner, it is welded to the heater, until elastic plates are placed in the sheath of the tangential outer surface 3 6, which provide an even gap between the heater and the corundum shell. When the metal tube heats up, it lengthens, but since the elastic plates have a sliding fit, no stresses arise and high durability is ensured.
The proposed design has allowed to completely isolate the heating element from the flowing aggressive environment and to get rid of the metal ions from which the heating heat-producing element is made into the heated medium while improving efficiency and reliability.
The lifetime of such a device was significantly higher than previously used. In addition, a high degree of purity of the medium after its heating remains.
The device of the described design has passed a successful test in process units in the manufacture of high integration chips.
CLAIM
An induction fluid heater comprising an enclosure enclosed by an inertial coil, a heat transfer element arranged along its axis, made in the form of a heating element made of an electrically conductive metal, placed in a hermetically sealed protective shell of a chemically resistant single crystal, characterized in that the heating element is in the form of a tube, Shell in the form of a glass, the tube is supported at one end by at least three metal elastic plates that create a gap with the inner surface of the shell, the second end of the tube is connected to a corundum liner sealed to the glass-cement envelope, the beaker and the insert are made from a single preform and have The same crystallographic orientation.
print version
Date of publication 08.12.2006гг
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