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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2220382
HEAT-GENERATOR FOR GAS OR OIL HEATING
The name of the inventor: Altukhov RV; Belogubets FA; Dashunin NV; Drozdov M.L .; Ivanov VA; Rachuk VS; Sorokin I.N .; Sukhov AI; Shevtsov AP; Chursinov DN
The name of the patent holder: Federal State Unitary Enterprise Design Bureau of Chemical Automatics; Limited Liability Company Industrial Corporation Kosmos-Neft-Gaz
Address for correspondence: 2002.10.30
Date of commencement of the patent: 2002.10.30
The invention relates to heat engineering, and specifically to heat generators, and can be used in the oil and gas industries to heat gas, oil and other hydrocarbon substances through an intermediate heat carrier. The aim of the invention is to expand the arsenal of technical means to provide a new heat exchange scheme and increase reliability and operational adaptability. The essence of the invention: in a heat generator comprising a vertical housing with a combustion chamber formed in the upper part in the form of two concentrically arranged cylinders and a heat exchanger with a central channel formed by circular rows of vertically fixed and equidistant pipes communicating the cavity of the combustion chamber with the exhaust pipe, An additional U-shaped heat exchanger is installed in the central channel with the supply and removal of the working fluid, and the cavity inside the housing is filled with an intermediate heat carrier, and around the additional heat exchanger, an annular partition with channels at the top and bottom for passing the intermediate heat carrier is installed, and for heating the gas, the fuel line is skipped Through the exhaust pipe.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to heat engineering, and specifically to heat generators intended for heating gas or oil and other hydrocarbon substances through an intermediate heat carrier, and can be used in the oil and gas industries.
The mobile heat generator comprising a truck mounted on a bogie with an exhaust pipe with a gate and channels for supplying and withdrawing a heated medium inside which there are an air blower in the form of an axial fan, a combustion chamber with a burner device, a heat exchanger with The central duct for supplying the heated medium and the fuel main, the housing with the exhaust pipe is mounted vertically on the carriage, the central channel of the heat exchanger is formed by circular rows of vertically fixed, equidistant tubes communicating the combustion chamber cavity with the exhaust pipe, and the combustion chamber in the upper part is bounded by the annular cavity , Formed by two concentric cylinders mounted above the burner device. To compensate for the temperature expansion of the heat exchanger tubes and to seal the cavity of the combustion chamber from the hot air duct, an outer concentric cylinder is connected to the housing via a diaphragm. For the organization of a stable process of fuel combustion and high completeness of fuel combustion, the burner device is made toroidal ( RF patent No. 2178119, IPC F 23 L 15/04 dated 27.03.2001 - prototype ).
The disadvantage of the known solution is that it is not possible to heat natural gas or oil in it, since direct heating for the purpose of ensuring safety is unacceptable.
The technical goal of the invention is to expand the arsenal of technical means to provide a new heat exchanger circuit with high reliability and operational efficiency.
The task is achieved due to the fact that in the proposed heat generator comprising a housing, a combustion chamber with a burner device, a fuel main, a heat exchanger with a central channel, an air supply channel from the atmosphere, an exhaust pipe with a damper for discharging combustion products into the atmosphere, The exhaust pipe is installed vertically, the central channel is formed by annular rows of vertically fixed and equipotential pipes communicating the combustion chamber cavity with the exhaust pipe, and the combustion chamber in the upper part is made in the form of concentrically mounted cylinders mounted above the burner device and forming an annular cavity, In the invention, an additional heat exchanger with branch pipes for supply and discharge of the working fluid is mounted in the central channel, and the cavity inside the housing is filled with an intermediate heat carrier, the cavity of the combustion chamber communicating with the air supply channel with a windproof device. To compensate for thermal expansion, the additional heat exchanger is U-shaped. To form the direction of the convection flow of the intermediate coolant around the additional heat exchanger, an annular partition with channels at the top and bottom is mounted. To ensure reliable tightness through the intermediate heat transfer medium, the heat generator is equipped with an expansion tank, mounted at the level of the upper part of the additional heat exchanger. To warm up the gas, the fuel line is passed through the exhaust pipe.
Execution of an additional U-shaped heat exchanger significantly reduces the overall dimensions and weight of the heat generator, and also ensures free extension of the heat exchanger tubes when heated. The combination of such a heat exchanger with an annular septum around it with channels in the upper and lower part for the passage of the heat carrier makes it possible to organize the convective flow of the intermediate heat carrier by a torus-shaped flow, which increases the heat transfer coefficient.
The proposed heat generator is schematically shown in the drawing.
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The main elements of the heat generator are: |
The body 1 is made cylindrical, passing into the exhaust pipe 2. The exhaust pipe 2 has a slide 3 for changing the flow rate of the combustion products. In the housing 1, a channel is provided with a windproof device 4 for supplying atmospheric air to the heat generator. Inside the body, a combustion chamber 8 and a heat exchanger 9 are mounted. In turn, the combustion chamber is communicated with the environment through the conduit 4. In the cavity of the combustion chamber, a burner 11 of atmospheric type is disposed. The fuel to the burner device is supplied via a line 17, which is run through the exhaust pipe 21 through an exhaust pipe to heat the gas. An annular cavity 12 is formed above the burner device, formed by the inner and outer concentrically arranged cylinders 13 and 14 fixed to the heat exchanger tube plate. The annular cavity serves to organize an even supply of air to the burner unit area in order to form an air-fuel mixture for combustion and to reduce the temperature of the combustion products entering the heat exchange tubes. The heat exchanger 9 is made with a central channel 15 formed by vertical pipes fixed at their ends in the tube boards at a certain distance from each other. To compensate for the temperature expansion of the heat exchanger tubes 9, they are fixed in the upper tube plate by means of movable sealing elements (not shown for simplicity). In the central channel 15 an additional heat exchanger 5 is mounted with the branch pipes of the inlet 6 and the outlet 7 of the working fluid. The heat pipes of the heat exchanger are U-shaped to ensure their free elongation when heated. The cavity of the central channel 15 and the heat exchangers is flooded with an intermediate heat carrier 10 which, in order to make up and compensate for the expansion, is also located in the expansion tank 16. To avoid leakage of the intermediate heat carrier 10 through the movable sealing elements, the expansion tank 16 is mounted at the level of the upper part of the additional heat exchanger 5 (below the upper tube plate Heat exchanger 9). Around the additional heat exchanger 5 is mounted an annular partition 18 with channels 19, 20 at the top and bottom for passage of the intermediate heat carrier 10. The partition provides a given direction of the convection flow of the intermediate heat carrier 10, which can be a solution of diethylene glycol.
THE PRINCIPLE OF WORK OF THE HEAT GENERATOR CONCLUDES IN THE FOLLOWING
The ignition device is switched on (not shown). In the presence of a flame on the ignition device, fuel is supplied to the burner 11. Primary air is supplied to this burner unit by injecting energy from the fuel gas flow and secondary air through diffusion mixing of the outgoing fuel-air mixture from the toroidal burner device. To cool the combustion products, air is supplied to the sides of the burner device through the annular cavity 12 due to the exhaust pipe draft. To ensure an even supply of air to the burner, atmospheric air passes through channel 4 with a windproof device. The combustion products, passing through the heat exchanger tubes of the heat exchanger, are cooled to a predetermined temperature, giving off heat to the intermediate heat carrier, and discharged through the exhaust pipe 2 into the environment. To change the temperature of the combustion products at the inlet to the heat exchanger, it is necessary to regulate the outlet section of the outlet pipe with a gate 3. For example, to increase the temperature by the gate, the flow rate increases, in this case the secondary air flow through the annular cavity 12 decreases and the temperature of the combustion products falls. If it is necessary to increase the temperature of the combustion products in front of the heat exchanger, it is necessary to reduce the cross-section of the exhaust pipe by the gate.
In turn, a change in the temperature of the combustion products in the tubes of the heat exchanger 9 through the intermediate heat carrier 10 leads to a change in the temperature of the working fluid of the additional heat exchanger 5. For more efficient movement (flow) of the intermediate heat transfer medium, an annular partition 18 is installed due to convection. As a working fluid Heat exchanger 5 can be gas, oil and other fire and explosion hazards that can not be heated by open fire.
The design work showed that the proposed heat generator in comparison with the oil or gas preheaters in operation allows to reduce the mass by 2-2.5 times and accordingly the dimensions, to exclude the comments on insufficient combustion, the effect of water vapor on the structural elements, the wind effect on the Combustion process, and, consequently, improve reliability and operational adaptability. At the same time, it seems possible to expand the arsenal of technical facilities to provide a new heat exchanger circuit.
CLAIM
A heat generator comprising a housing, a combustion chamber with a burner device, a fuel main, a heat exchanger with a central channel, an air supply channel from the atmosphere, an exhaust pipe with a damper for discharging combustion products to the atmosphere, the housing with an exhaust pipe being installed vertically, the central channel being formed by circular rows Vertically fixed and equipotential pipes communicating the cavity of the combustion chamber with the exhaust pipe and the combustion chamber in the upper part is made in the form of two concentrically mounted cylinders mounted above the burner device and forming an annular cavity, the cavity of the combustion chamber, characterized in that in the central Channel, an additional U-shaped heat exchanger with inlet and outlet connections is provided, and the cavity inside the housing is filled with an intermediate heat carrier, an annular partition with channels at the top and bottom for passing the intermediate coolant is installed around the additional heat exchanger, and the fuel line is passed through the exhaust pipe.
print version
Date of publication 10.12.2006гг
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