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THERMAL DEVICES, DEVICES FOR HEATING LIQUID MEDIA AND THEIR APPLICATION
INVENTION
The patent of the Russian Federation RU2272227

THERMAL GENERATOR

The name of the inventor: Novikov Nikolai Nikolaevich (RU)
The name of the patent holder: Limited Liability Company "Scientific and Innovation Firm" New Energy "(RU)
Address for correspondence: 152903, Yaroslavl Region, Rybinsk, ul. Kirova, 16, LLC "Scientific and innovative firm" New Energy "
Date of commencement of the patent: 2004.07.20

The invention relates to the field of heat engineering, in particular to devices for heating a liquid, and can find application in the heating systems of buildings, structures, hot water supply and other branches of the national economy. The heat generator comprises a housing having a profiled flow section with a cylindrical portion connected to an outlet nozzle, a motion accelerator configured as a cyclone with a tangential nozzle twist device, the end face of the cyclone is connected to the shaped portion of the housing and the lateral side via a pump connection, brake devices, Primary and secondary, located in the bypass nozzle after the zone of its connection with the cyclone, which communicates with the inlet end of the bypass pipeline, the output end of which is connected to the inlet branch pipe of the pump. In the heat generator coaxially with the inner lateral surface of the cylindrical section, two cylindrical shells are arranged one in the other, the lateral surfaces of which together with the lateral surface of the cylindrical portion form two independent annular channels and a cylindrical channel formed by the inner side surface of the inner shell having a profiled nozzle section in the cyclone direction, The cylindrical and inner annular channels on the side of the outlet branch are closed by a lid separating the inner cavity of the cylindrical section into two independent cavities, one of which is formed by an inner annular and cylindrical channels, and the other, which communicates with the outlet pipe, by an outer annular channel. The main brake device is located in the annular channels of the cylindrical section. Braking devices are made in the form of cylindrical tubes installed coaxially with the central axis of the profiled flow section. The cover closing the cylindrical and inner annular channels is made hemispherical. Such execution of the heat generator makes it possible to increase the efficiency and quality of the selection of the hot water flow coming from the outlet pipe into the consumption system.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to the field of heat engineering, in particular to devices for heating a liquid, and can find application in heating systems of buildings and structures, hot water supply and other branches of the national economy.

A heat generator is known, comprising a housing having a cylindrical portion, a liquid flow accelerator configured as a cyclone, the end face of which is connected to a cylindrical housing portion. At the base of the cylindrical part of the body opposite the cyclone, a braking device is mounted, behind which is installed a bottom with an outlet communicating with the outlet pipe which is connected to the cyclone by a bypass pipe, the connection being made at the end of the cyclone opposite the cylindrical part of the body and coaxial with The last. The braking device is made of at least two radially arranged fins fixed to the central hub. In the bypass pipe after the zone of its connection with the cyclone an additional braking device is installed. The heat generator is connected to the pump by means of an injection pipe connected to the side of the liquid accelerator (see patent RU No. 2045715 C1, 10.10.1995) .

Of the known heat generators, the closest to the claimed heat generator is described in the patent RU 2204090 C2, 05.10.2003. It comprises a body having a cylindrical part, a motion accelerator made in the form of a cyclone, the end face of which is connected to the cylindrical part of the body, and the lateral by the injection branch pipe to the pump, the brake devices mounted one at the base of the cylindrical body part before the washer, Additional - in the bypass pipe after the zone of its connection with the cyclone communicating with the outlet end of the bypass pipeline, the inner end face of the washer is made in the form of a spherical shape, and the output end of the bypass pipeline is connected to the inlet branch pipe of the pump.

Known devices have low efficiency and insufficient quality of selection of hot water flow coming from the outlet branch pipe to the consumer system from the water flow entering the main brake device.

This is due to:

  • Intensive mixing of more heated and less heated streams in the main braking device due to the intensification of turbulence at the entrance to the braking device;
  • A weak separation of the mixed flows behind the main brake device due to the lack of a mechanism for this separation and a short residence time of the mixed flows in the area behind the braking device, which is insufficient for re-separation;
  • Reducing the effect of heating the fluid by passing through the main brake only part of the flow, as the other part of the flow turns back, not reaching the braking device. This is caused by a sharp decrease in the radial gradient of the static pressure in the region of the inlet of the flow to the braking device and thereby reducing the axial gradients of the static pressure between the inlet of the less cooled flow into the braking device and its outlet into the axial zone of the cylindrical part to form an axial flow, Flow, the axial-shear velocities of the peripheral and perpendicular vortices decrease, the level of turbulence at the vortex separation radius decreases, which leads to a decrease in the heating of the peripheral flow.

The technical problem solved by the proposed invention is an increase in the efficiency of the heat generator and the quality of the selection of the hot water flow from the cold flow coming from the outlet branch pipe to the consumer system.

The technical problem is solved by the fact that in a heat generator comprising a housing having a profiled flow section with a cylindrical portion connected to an outlet nozzle, a motion accelerator made in the form of a cyclone with a tangential nozzle twist apparatus comprising one or more tangential nozzle channels, the end face of the cyclone is connected With the profiled part of the body, and lateral - through the branch pipe with the pump, the brake devices, the main and auxiliary, located in the bypass pipe after the zone of its connection with a cyclone communicating with the inlet end of the bypass pipeline, the output end of which is connected to the inlet branch pipe of the pump, according to the invention coaxially The inner lateral surface of the cylindrical portion is provided with two cylindrical shells arranged one another in the other, the lateral surfaces of which together with the lateral surface of the cylindrical portion form two independent annular channels and a cylindrical channel formed by the inner side surface of the inner shell having a profiled nozzle portion in the cyclone direction, And the inner annular passageway on the outlet pipe side is closed by a lid dividing the inner cavity of the cylindrical portion into two independent cavities, one of which is formed by an inner annular and cylindrical channels and the other, connected to the outlet pipe, by an outer annular channel, the main brake device being located In the annular channels of the cylindrical section. Braking devices are made in the form of cylindrical tubes installed coaxially with the central axis of the profiled flow section. The cover covering the cylindrical and annular channels is made hemispherical.

Such execution of the heat generator provides:

  • The qualitative separation of the more heated and less heated stream into two independent streams;
  • The direction of the more heated flow through the outlet pipe to the consumer, and the less heated flow - into the axial zone of the profiled flowing part of the hull to the accelerator;
  • An increase in the axial component of the velocity of the less heated stream at the exit from the nozzle section of the cylindrical channel and, as a consequence, an increase in the shear velocities on the separation surface of the peripheral and perpendicular vortices, contributing to the intensification of anisotropic turbulence in a field with a high radial gradient of the static pressure along the entire length of the profiled flow- The effect of heating a peripheral vortex;
  • Increase in the level of turbulence of a less heated flow at the entrance to the main braking device and, consequently, at its outlet to the axial zone of the profiled flow-through part of the hull, which, in combination with the intensification of turbulence at the interface of the peripheral and perpendicular vortices, enhances the heating effect of the peripheral vortex, which, in Mainly, is determined by the operation of turbulent moles of anisotropic turbulence in a field with a high radial gradient of static pressure;
  • Circulation of the axial flow along the entire length of the profiled part of the housing, which forces the flows to be heated throughout the profiled flow section.

Thus, the new distinctive features introduced into the heat generator together with the known ones make it possible to solve the task posed.

The invention is illustrated by the drawings, wherein

THERMAL GENERATOR

1 shows a heat generator, a longitudinal section

The heat generator comprises, as shown in FIG. 1, a body 1 having a profiled flow section 2 with a cylindrical portion 3 connected to an outlet pipe 4, a motion accelerator 5 (FIG. 2), in the form of a cyclone with a tangential nozzle twister 6 comprising one or more Tangential nozzle channels 7, the end face of the cyclone is connected to the profiled part 2 of the body 1, and the lateral side - through the pipe 8 with the pump 9, the braking devices, the main 10, additional 11, located in the bypass 12 after the plane of its connection with the cyclone communicating with the inlet End of the bypass conduit 13, the outlet end of which is connected to the inlet branch pipe 14 of the pump 9, two cylindrical shells located in the other, the inner 15 and outer 16, the return branch 17 and the fluid bypass expander 18. The cylindrical shells 15 and 16 located one in the other are installed coaxially The inner lateral surface of the cylindrical portion 3, together with which the side surfaces of the shells 15 and 16 form two independent annular channels, the inner 19 and the outer 20, and a cylindrical channel 21 formed by the inner surface of the shell 15, which in the direction of the accelerator 5 has a profiled nozzle section 22 .

Fig. 2 shows the same view, section AA

FIG. 3 is a side view of the B-B cut

The inner annular channel 19 and the cylindrical channel 21 on the side of the outlet pipe 4 are closed by a lid 23 dividing the inner cavity of the cylindrical portion into two independent cavities, one of which 24 is formed by an inner annular channel 19 and a cylindrical channel 21 and the other 25 by an outer annular channel 20, Communicating with the outlet pipe 4.

The braking devices 10 and 11 (FIG. 1 and FIG. 3) are in the form of cylindrical tubes 26 and 27 mounted coaxially with the central axis of the profiled flow section 2 which is cylindrical or conical with an internal diameter in the plane of the section of the nozzle screw 6, Than the equivalent diameter of the flowing part of the channels 7 of the tangential nozzle twist apparatus 6. The profiled flow passage 2 of the body 1 plays the role of a vortex tube. The lid 23 is hemispherical.

The heat generator works as follows. The pump 9 is started, the water from which, under pressure (0.4-0.6) MPa, enters the inlet pipe 8 of the accelerator 5 and the tangential nozzle channels 7, in which the water flow is accelerated and twisted, and then enters the profiled flow passage 2 of the body 1, in which two highly twisted water streams are formed - a peripheral (external) vortex and an axial (internal) vortex moving in opposite directions, the peripheral vortex moving from the accelerator 5 in the direction of the outlet branch pipe 4 and the axial flow in the direction of the accelerator 5, The beginning of the formation of the peripheral vortex and the exit of the axial vortex from the profiled flow part 2 are in the same section perpendicular to the central axis of the peripheral and perpendicular vortices.

As a result of the regular separation of a strongly swirling flow of water and the realization of thermodynamic processes in the field of mass forces with a high radial gradient of static pressure, the peripheral vortex has a higher temperature than the axial vortex, while the peripheral vortex divides into two streams: the outer stream is hotter and inner- Less hot flows.

Having reached the opposite end of the profiled flow passage 2 of the body 1, the peripheral vortex is untwisted in the braking device 10, while in the annular channels 19 and 20, the hotter portion of the peripheral stream is separated from the less hot part, i.e., dividing the peripheral stream into hotter and less hot streams water. The hotter untwisted water flow enters the cavity 25, from where it is fed through the outlet pipe 4 to the consumer, that is, by dividing the flow into a hot and less hot consumer, receives a hotter water flow, which increases the efficiency of the heat generator. From the consumer, the flow of water enters the return pipe 17, from where it enters the inlet pipe 14 of the pump 9. A less hot untwisted water stream enters the cavity 24, where it changes its axial direction to the opposite direction, then enters the cylindrical channel 21, which passes through is accelerated in the profiled nozzle Section 22 due to the axial gradient of the static pressure directed from the accelerator 5 towards the main braking device 10 from where it emerges into the axial zone of the profiled part 2 of the body 1 moving in the direction of the accelerator 5 leaving the profiled nozzle section 22 a less hot axial flow Water is twisted by a cold axial flow, mixed with it, being an active ejecting flow for a cold axial flow, while the temperature of the axial flow after mixing is somewhat increased. After entering the additional braking device 11, the total paraxial flow extinguishes its rotation, then enters the bypass conduit 13, through which the untwisted heated mixed stream enters the inlet branch pipe 14 of the pump 9 for the subsequent heating cycle by the heat generator. The fluid bypass expander 18 compensates for the temperature expansion of the water as its temperature rises.

Thus, the use of the proposed scheme of a heat generator makes it possible to improve the quality of the selection of the hot water flow and, consequently, to increase its efficiency.

CLAIM

1. A heat generator comprising a housing having a profiled flow section with a cylindrical portion connected to an outlet nozzle, a motion accelerator configured as a cyclone with a tangential nozzle twist device, the end face of the cyclone is connected to the shaped portion of the housing and the lateral through the pipe to the pump, Braking devices, main and additional, located in the bypass pipe after the zone of its connection with the cyclone communicating with the inlet end of the bypass pipeline, the outlet end of which is connected to the inlet branch pipe of the pump, characterized in that one of the two Cylindrical shells whose side surfaces together with the lateral surface of the cylindrical portion form two independent annular channels and a cylindrical channel formed by an inner side surface of the inner shell having a shaped nozzle portion in the direction of the cyclone, with the cylindrical and inner annular channels on the outlet side closed with a lid, Separating the inner cavity of the cylindrical section into two independent cavities, one of which is formed by an internal annular and cylindrical channels, and the other, communicating with the outlet branch pipe, by an outer annular channel, the main brake device being located in the annular channels of the cylindrical section.

2. The heat generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the brake devices are in the form of cylindrical tubes arranged coaxially with the central axis of the profiled flow section.

3. The heat generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover closing the cylindrical and inner annular channels is hemispherical.

print version
Date of publication 30.12.2006гг