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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2211413
DEVICE FOR HEATING FLUID AND STEAM
Name of the inventor: Anatoly Malakhov; Michael A. Malakhov
The name of the patentee: Anatoly Malakhov; Michael A. Malakhov
Address for correspondence:. 198303, St. Petersburg, etc. Strikes, 107-1-136, AI Malakhov
Starting date of the patent: 2001.12.29
The invention is intended for heating the liquid, and (or) steam production for domestic and industrial purposes and can be used in heating, ventilation, and hot water in the process equipment. To extend the functionality and scope of the liquid heating apparatus comprising forming a closed circulation loop pump working, the vortex heat generator and a heat exchanger, equipped with a liquid-filled pressure driving force, which is connected hydraulically with a closed circulation loop. To perform the function of the steam generator unit is equipped with a regenerator, one side of which is included in a closed circulation loop on the plot between the heat source and the heat exchanger, and the other side is connected hydraulically via a pressure reducing valve to the heat source and the driving force of fluid flow, which is related thermodynamically to the heat exchanger and is connected hydraulically with a closed circulation loop . Use of the invention allows to obtain a higher thermal capacity of the liquid coolant.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention is designed to heat liquids and (or) production of steam for household and industrial needs and can be used in heating, ventilation, hot water and process equipment for the production of agricultural and industrial products.
To heat water and produce steam for domestic and industrial needs known to the heating system, comprising a boiler plant and heat the road connecting the boiler unit with consumers of heat and steam. The disadvantages of such systems include:
- Relatively low efficiency, which requires high fuel consumption:
- Inefficient use of thermal energy potential of high-temperature fuel combustion for heating the low-temperature heat carrier, which reduces the reliability of the boiler plant and requires the use of special heat-resistant materials:
- Significant loss of thermal energy in the thermal circuit due to the large temperature difference between flow and return and the ground at a depth of laying roads or air at the outer lining of the thermal route;
- High capital and operating costs of the heat content of the track.
The higher efficiency of the boiler plant and the rational use of heat energy have high thermal capacity of the heating system, containing the combined heat and power and thermal route [1, pp. 323-325].
Such consumer system provided with steam and water in a broader range of temperatures and pressures. Used for the technological needs of a saturated steam at a pressure of from 250 to 2000-3000 kPa (2.5 to 20-30 kg / cm 2), and heating with saturated steam pressure of 150-260 kPa (1.5-2.6 kg / cm 2) or hot water with temperatures up to 180 o C.
However, such systems have a high heat loss. capital and operating costs due to the greater length of heating mains and the lower efficiency of thermal power installation of combined heat and power (15-20% [2, p. 93]) compared with thermal power capacitor installation of power (33% [1 pp. 307-308, Figure 11, 17]).
A device for heating liquids for household use having a higher conversion efficiency of electrical energy into heat, compared with electric heaters and comprising forming a closed circulation loop operating pump and vortex heat exchanger [2045715 patent, the patent 2132517].
As the heat consumer in such devices can be used heating radiators, air heaters for ventilation or hot water supply heat exchanger [3, p. 18 (prototype)].
Due to the small overall dimensions of these devices are placed directly in the building, eliminating the need to place the thermal highway outside. This eliminates heat loss to the outside environment, but also the capital and operating costs of the heat content of the track. In addition, these devices have high reliability due to the absence of moving in a vortical heat generator and the friction parts and significantly lower compared with the products of fuel combustion, the heat transfer fluid temperature.
However, these devices have limited functionality and scope. This is due to the relatively low temperature of the liquid coolant and the lack of possibility to produce steam.
Relatively low temperature heat transfer fluid because the fluid in the device can only be heated to the saturation temperature, which is limited to the pressure in the closed liquid circulation circuit. The inability to produce steam due to the fact that the vaporization in the pump and vortex heat comes the critical mode, which supplies pump characteristics deteriorate sharply in the heat source is practically suspended the conversion into thermal energy of water flow energy.
The purpose of the invention - the expansion of features and applications of the device.
For this known device for heating a liquid, comprising forming a closed circulation loop pump working, the vortex heat generator and a heat exchanger, equipped with a liquid-filled pressure driving force, which is connected hydraulically with a closed circulation loop.
Pressure booster is in a sealed container, the space above the liquid which is insoluble in the liquid filled compressed gas, a vessel which is connected hydraulically to the boost pump inlet or in the branch pipeline.
To function as a steam generator known device for heating a liquid, comprising forming a closed circulation loop operating the pump, the vortex heat generator and a heat exchanger, equipped with a regenerator, one side of which is included in a closed circulation circuit on the section between the vortex heat generator and the heat exchanger, and the other side is connected hydraulically via a pressure reducing valve with an outlet vortex heat flow rate and driving force, which is thermodynamically connected to the heat exchanger and fluidly connected to a closed circulation loop.
Stimulus fluid flow is designed as a water pipe branch, which is connected hydraulically to the other side of the heat exchanger, or as a liquid-filled container, which is connected hydraulically to the boost pump inlet, wherein the heat exchanger is placed in the container.
In addition, the steam generator with the consumer pair forms a closed circulation loop.
In the drawings schematically shows the device for heating liquid and the steam generator:
 1 shows a device with a pressure as driving force in the liquid and compressed gas container |
 2 - in the form of a charge pump capacity |
 3 - a branch of the aqueduct |
 4 - steam generator with the driving force of fluid flow |
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 5 - in the form of a charge pump capacity |
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FIG. 6 and 7 - the steam generator, which is a consumer pair forms a closed circulation loop | ||
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The device comprises (Fig. 1-3) filled with, for example, a closed water circulation loop 1 comprising working pump 2, 3 and vortex heat, such as radiator heating system 4 and 5, the water pressure booster.
Booster 5 is configured as a container 6 (Figure 1), which space is filled above the water, for example, compressed air from the cylinder 7.
Water pressure booster 5 can be formed as a container 6 (Figure 2), which is connected hydraulically with the inlet pump 8 makeup, or as a water pipe branch (3) with a regulating valve 9.
The steam generator includes (4-7) filled with, for example, a closed water circulation loop 10 and the circulating circuit 11 driving force of water flow. Circuit 10 includes a working pump 2, a vortex heat-generator 3, the regenerator 12 and heat exchanger 13. The other side of regenerator 12 is included in the circuit 10 via a pressure reducing valve 14 in the area between 3 vortical heat generator and the regenerator 12. The circuit 11 is formed (Figure 4) branch water pipe with a control valve 9 and the other side of the heat exchanger 13.
Stimulus flow and may be configured as a container 6 (FIG. 5), which is placed inside the heat exchanger 13. This container is connected with the hydraulic boost pump inlet 8.
The circulation circuit 11 may be configured as open (Figs. 4, 5) by feeding steam through the steam line 15 to the consumer, and a closed (6, 7) with the inclusion of closed circulating loop heat exchanger 16, for example, hot water supply system. Thus in a closed circulation circuit 11, the receptacle 6 can not both be turned on (6), and so on (Figure 7).
In any other liquid may be used as a water circulation unit and steam circuits.
4 as a radiator and the heat exchanger 16 may be used and any other consumer of steam and heat.
As the compressed air in the container 6 (Figure 1) can be used and any other insoluble in the liquid gas is compressed.
As the reducing valve 14 may be used on any other device providing a pressure difference in the circuits 10 and 11.
When pump 2 is turned on the water flow energy in the vortex heat-generator 3 is converted into thermal energy which heats the water to the saturation temperature depending on the pressure in the closed loop kennel 1 (FIG. 1-3). Excessive pressure in this circuit is adjusted by changing the gas pressure in the container 6 (Figure 1), the boost pump turns 8 (Figure 2) or opening and closing of the control valve 9 (Figure 3).
Heated in the vortex heat generator 3, the water enters the radiator 4, in which the thermal energy is transferred to the heated room air and the water cools down and the pump 2 is returned to the heat source 3. Then the cycle repeats. Thus, the higher the excess pressure in the circuit, the higher temperature fluid.
The steam generator (4-7) after 3 vortex heat flow of the heated water it splits. One stream flows into the regenerator 12 and then in heat exchanger 13 and the pump 2 is returned to the vortex heat 3. Then the cycle is repeated. Thus the excess pressure in the closed circulation path 10 is provided in the water pipe water pressure branch (4) or the charge pump generated pressure 8 (Figures 5-7).
The stimulus circuit 11 through the water flow control valve 9 (Fig. 4) enters the heat exchanger 13 is preheated and the pump 2 with the first stream of water is fed into the vortex heat-generator 3. When the heat generator 3, a second stream of water heated to saturation state flows into the pressure reducing valve 14. When the pressure reducing valve 14 due to a sharp decrease in the pressure of the water spray, boil in the regenerator 12, is converted into steam by heat transferred from the circuit 10, and through the steam line 15 steam is fed to the consumer.
When performing a capacity 6 (5) driving force of water flow to the heat exchanger installed in her charge pump 13 and 8 pre-heated heat exchanger 13, water is supplied to the charge pump circuit 8 10. The rest of the working principle is similar to that considered.
When the closed flow circuit 11 (Figure 6) in the heat exchanger 16 condenses steam, transfers thermal energy to the consumer of heat and condensate passing tank 6, the boost pump 8 is returned to the circuit 10. The condensate from the heat exchanger 16 and can flow into the container 6 (Figure .7), and from it the boost pump 8 to return to the circuit 10. The rest of the working principle is similar to that considered.
The positive effect of using the invention is to extend the functional capabilities and, therefore, applications, devices, by achieving a higher heat transfer fluid temperature capacity and steam production capabilities for both residential and industrial needs.
Furthermore, the use of the heat transfer fluid temperature higher capacity and allows vapor, compared with the prior art, reduce the size and weight of heat exchangers heat consumers.
INFORMATION SOURCES
1. Kirillin VA, Sychev VV, Sheyndlin au Engineering Thermodynamics. - M .: Energoatomisdat 1983.
2. VF Drozdov Sanitary unit buildings. - M .: Stroyizdat, 1980.
3. Autonomous heating system based on eddy thermoelectric generator. //Engineer. - 2001 - 3 - S. 18.
CLAIM
1. Device for heating liquids, comprising a closed circulation circuit forming a working pump and vortex heat exchanger, characterized in that it is equipped with a liquid-filled pressure driving force, which is connected hydraulically closed circulation loop.
2. Device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the pressure booster is formed as a sealed container, the space above the liquid which is filled with liquid not soluble in the compressed gas.
3. Apparatus according to claim. 1, characterized in that the pressure booster is formed as a container which is connected hydraulically to the boost pump inlet.
4. The apparatus of claim. 1, characterized in that the pressure booster is formed as a branch of the pipeline.
5. The steam generator comprising forming a closed circulation loop pump working, the vortex heat generator and a heat exchanger, characterized in that it is equipped with a regenerator, one side of which is included in a closed circulation circuit on the section between the vortex heat generator and the heat exchanger, and the other side is connected hydraulically via a pressure reducing valve with vortex heat outlet nozzle, and driving force of fluid flow, which is associated with thermodynamic heat exchanger and fluidly connected to a closed circulation loop.
Steam generator according to claim 6. 5, characterized in that the impeller of the liquid flow is designed as a water pipe branch, which is connected hydraulically to the other side of the heat exchanger.
Steam generator according to claim 7. 5, characterized in that the impeller of the liquid flow is made in the form of a liquid-filled container, which is connected hydraulically to the boost pump inlet, wherein the heat exchanger is placed in the container.
8. The steam generator of claim. 5 and 7, characterized in that it forms a pair with the user closed circulation circuit.
print version
Publication date 31.12.2006gg
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