| section Home
Production, Amateur Radio amateur Model aircraft, rocket- Useful, entertaining |
Stealth master
Electronics Physics Technologies invention |
space Mystery
Earth Mysteries Secrets of the Ocean Stealth section Map |
  |
| Use of material is permitted for reference (for websites - hyperlinks) | |||
Navigation: => |
Home / Products Patents / In the section of the catalog / back / |
|
INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2147711
OVEN FOR BED solid waste incinerators
Name of the inventor: AN Popov .; Lebedev AV .; Batygin SV .; Bernadiner MN .; Zlobin VI .; Pravkin VI .; Katznelson LO .; Lepahina TG
The name of the patentee: Joint Stock Company "VNIIETO"
Address for correspondence: 109052, Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod Str. 29, AO VNIIETO Popov Alexander Nikolaevich.
Starting date of the patent: 1998.09.30
Furnace for stratified combustion of solid waste refers to the processing and disposal of solid waste. The furnace includes a housing lined with refractory material inside the combustion chamber with fixed inclined grate made of fireproof material, made in its through-opening communicating the displacement volume of the combustion chamber with oxidant supply unit, with a hole for discharging ash from the furnace. Grate formed in two inclined bottom walls of the housing, mounted so that the lower ends of the walls form with the hearth trough. Lower operating combustion chamber above the gutter is a vertical sectional view of an isosceles trapezoid with big base facing upward. As provided in the walls of through-holes arranged nozzles. Solve a technical problem - ensuring maximum surface response combustible waste component with an oxidizing agent and slagging exception nozzles for supplying the oxidant in the process of waste incineration.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the processing of solid waste and more particularly to design furnaces for firing solid waste disposal in a layer placed on the grate.
Known furnace for combustion of solid waste to be placed on the grate layer being simultaneously hearth furnace. Waste incineration are using fuel burners power and oxidant into the waste layer (Bernadiner MN Shurigin AP Fire recycling and disposal of industrial othodov.- M .: Chemistry, 1990, p.35, Figure 2.1).
The disadvantage of this design is the low degree of utilization of fuel, as combustion occurs only on the surface layer.
Known furnace for burning solid waste, comprising a housing lined on the inside with refractory material, the combustion chamber with inclined fixed grate made in the form of a monolithic plate made of refractory material over the entire length of which are made through holes, which are arranged axis horizontally or at an angle horizon, which are incorporated in shurovochnye pipe connected at one end to the oxidizer supply unit, and others - facing the working volume of the combustion chamber. The hearth is a hole for discharging ash. (RF Patent 2100701, F 23 G 5/00, 1997).
The disadvantages of known furnaces are not high degree of utilization of the oxidant due to the limited interaction between the oxidant and combustible components of the waste and the unreliability of the furnace due to the plugging of nozzles ash and mineral low-melting substances.
An object of the invention is to provide the maximum surface reaction with the combustible component of the waste and oxidant nozzles exception slagging oxidant supply during incineration.
The formulated problem is solved owing to the fact that in the furnace for stratified combustion waste, comprising a housing lined on the inside with refractory material, the combustion chamber with inclined fixed grate made of fireproof material formed therein through holes that tell the working volume of the combustion chamber with the supply unit oxidant under an opening for discharging from the furnace bottom ash grate is formed by two inclined at the bottom portion of the housing wall mounted so that the lower ends of the walls form with the hearth trough, and the bottom working portion of the combustion chamber above the trough is a vertical sectional view of an isosceles trapezium with the larger base facing upward, with the inclined walls formed in the through holes placed nozzles.
The inclined wall installed to form an angle of between 30-120 o.
The inclined wall and can be set at a slant towards the opening for discharging ash from the furnace.
The inclined wall and can be performed by stepwise. A step can be performed in such a way that each step of the upper forms of the nozzle placed below the projection length of the nozzle diameter 1.0-2.0.
Execution of the grate in the form of two inclined walls mounted so that their lower ends form a hearth trough, and the bottom working portion of the combustion chamber above the trough is a vertical sectional view of an isosceles trapezium with the larger base facing upward, increases the completeness oxidant interaction with combustible components of waste.
Loaded into the furnace, for example in sacks and bags, waste will hang in the bottom of the combustion chamber and in the groove and as the combustion will drop down onto the furnace hearth.
Implementation of the nozzles through which the oxidizer is fed under the tabs of the upper steps, eliminates the ingress of slag in the nozzle and clogging. Performing at least one projection nozzle diameter not exclude slagging it, with two protrusion diameters more nozzles melted lining.
As shown by the Waste Incineration experiments in a pilot plant, the location of the inclined walls forming the grate at an angle of 30-120 o, it is the best, because the increase in the angle of 120 o and a decrease of less than 30 o reduce the degree of interaction between the oxidizer waste and combustion process slows. Equipment oven moving hearth, as well as the implementation of the hearth and walls inclined towards the release of furnace bottom ash, facilitates the transport of the waste in the furnace and the discharge from her ash.
The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:
 FIG. 1 - is a schematic vertical |
 FIG. 2 - cross section perpendicular to the furnace |
 FIG. 3 - cross-section oven with a sloping hearth |
 FIG. 4 - cross section of the moving hearth furnace |
Furnace for stratified combustion of solid waste consists of a housing 1, inside lined with refractory bricks 2. To load waste into the furnace an opening 3. The furnace grate is formed by two inclined walls 4. The ends of the inclined walls 4 form with a hearth 5 trough 6. The vertical section of the bottom the working part of the combustion chamber has the form of an isosceles trapezium with the larger base facing upwards. Under 5 may be made movable relative to the inclined walls 4 or that moves the downloaded into the working volume of the furnace waste from the feeding opening 3 to the ash outlet 7 for discharging ash.
The openings in the walls 4 are provided for supplying the nozzles 8 in the furnace working volume oxidant. The inclined wall 4 mounted therebetween 30-120 o angle and may be formed smooth or stepped. When the walls of 4 staggered nozzles 8 arranged in steps so that each step of the upper forms of the nozzle placed below the projection length of 1-2 diameter of the nozzle. This ensures reliable operation of the nozzles without slagging incineration. To maintain a certain temperature in the furnace is equipped with fuel burner 9.
FURNACE FOR BURNING BED solid waste works as follows
Waste, such as medical, used bandages containing, cotton, disposable syringes, needles, ampoules, vials, rubber tubes, gloves, and other drugs, are packed in packages which are loaded into the working volume of the furnace through the opening 3. They move along the grate and fall into the chute 6 and under the action of the feed into the furnace through the oxidant nozzle 8 and 9 impacts the fuel burner is burned. As waste incineration between walls 4 fall through the grate and deposited on at least 5. 5 accumulate on the hearth burnt waste ashes are moved to form the opening 7 and are removed from the furnace. Moving the waste from the loading opening 3 to the outlet opening 7 is either by gravity in the case of performing inclined hearth 5 or waste is transported by the performance of its hearth movable with respect to the walls 4 of the grate.
Implementation of the grate in the form of inclined walls, the lower ends of which form a hearth trough, can significantly increase the surface burners heat exposure and an oxidant to combustible waste and the installation in the nozzle penetration in walls excludes them slagging. The combination of these solutions will significantly improve the speed and reliability of waste incineration furnace. Thus, the use of the proposed technical solution in a pilot plant has allowed to increase the burning rate of 30-50%, while slagging nozzles were excluded completely.
CLAIM
Furnace for layer combustion of solid waste, comprising a housing lined on the inside with refractory material, the combustion chamber with inclined fixed grate made of fireproof material, made in its through-opening communicating the displacement volume of the combustion chamber with the oxidizer supply unit, a hole for release from the furnace bottom ash, characterized in that the grate is formed by two inclined at the bottom portion of the housing wall mounted so that the lower ends of the walls form with the hearth trough and the lower working chamber combustion above the trough is a vertical sectional view of an isosceles trapezium with the larger base, facing up, while in performed through holes in the walls of the nozzle are located.
A furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the inclined wall installed to form an angle between 30 - 120 o.
A furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that a sloping wall and are slanted toward the opening for discharging ash from the furnace.
A furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that a sloping wall and are stepped.
Oven according to claim 4, characterized in that the steps are made so that each of the upper step forming a nozzle disposed below the protrusion length of 1 -. 2 nozzle diameters.
Oven according to any of claims 1 - 5, characterized in that a being movable relative to the grate.
print version
Publication date 06.11.2006gg
Comments
Commenting, keep in mind that the content and the tone of your messages can hurt the feelings of real people, show respect and tolerance to his interlocutors, even if you do not share their opinion, your behavior in terms of freedom of speech and anonymity offered by the Internet, is changing not only virtual, but real world. All comments are hidden from the index, spam control.