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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2211192
METHOD FOR PROCESSING dewatered sewage sludge
Name of the inventor: Sokolov VD .; Galdilov VS .; Boyarsky AA
The name of the patentee: Victor D. Sokolov; Galdilov Vladimir Sergeyevich; Alexander Boyarsky
Address for correspondence: 121248, Moscow, p / 18, pat.pov. E.V.Voytsehovskoy, Identification No 46
Starting date of the patent: 2002.03.28
The invention relates to methods for processing and recycling of wet low-calorie materials of organic origin, such as dewatered sludge of municipal and industrial wastewater, by burning in typical boiler units, and can be used at the enterprises of various industries and in public services. Dewatered sewage sludge is burned and pulverized to form, followed by removal of ash in the ash heap. Before grinding dehydrated sewage sludge is uniformly mixed with carbon, shredding the dehydrated mixture of coal and lead precipitation with simultaneous drying by hot air to form pulverized solid fuel burning in the furnace which are of industrial boiler. Precipitation of the mixture is 1-5 wt.%, Lead to a mixture grinding fineness R 90 = 5 ÷ 15%, and drying the mixture are hot air temperature of 200 ÷ 400 o C to humidity of 1-2%. Technical effect - disposal dehydrated sewage sludge without pre-drying to a water content of 60-85% as an energy source, reducing the volume of construction by eliminating the need for diversion of large areas, the simplification of processing through the use of standard for burning boilers, and a reduction in the main rate coal-fuel.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to methods for processing and recycling of wet low-calorie materials of organic origin, such as dewatered sludge of municipal and industrial wastewater, by burning in typical boiler units and can be used at the enterprises of various industries and in public services.
Currently, the problem of utilization and processing of dewatered sewage sludge is very important. For the dewatering of sewage sludge on site sewage treatment facilities require diversion of large areas. With the increasing amount of production generated sewage sludge increases, which requires the exclusion of new land, significant material and labor costs, but also causes great ecological damage to the environment.
Numerous existing experimental and industrial systems for the processing of dehydrated sewage sludge by incineration.
A method of processing a dehydrated sewage sludge, comprising drying the dewatered precipitation heat of exhaust gases - burning the dried product precipitation, precipitation burning dried in an oven and afterburning the resulting vapor in the drying process (US Patent 3521581, F 23 G 5/04, 1970).
The disadvantages of this method are the need to use additional fuel (90 kg of equivalent fuel per 1 ton of sludge), and and substantial burning of organic substances from precipitation directly into the dryer by feeding therein hot gases (~ 1000 o C), which significantly reduces the calorific value of dried precipitation during the subsequent incineration.
A method of processing wet sewage sludge in multiple hearth furnaces (treatment and disposal of sewage sludge -. M .: Stroyizdat 1985, vol.2, str.13-20).
. Known and the method of processing sewage sludge incineration in rotary kilns with a fluidized bed solid (Techniques for treating industrial wastewater Zhukov AI, Mongait IL, Rodziller ID - M .: Stroyizdat, 1977, p. 199-202).
The disadvantages of the known processes include the need to build special units, due to the large capital investment. Implementation of the known methods and difficult because of the complexity and transporting dosage of precipitation, and also due to the complexity of the equipment operation.
The closest in technical essence to the invention is a method of processing sewage sludge, according to which the wet cake was previously dehydrated on a belt filter, pulverized, added thereto additive - dewatering additive, such as ash from the sludge incineration, coal dust, sawdust, etc.,. and then subjected to secondary dewatering - thickening (densification) by pressing at a pressure of 1.5-3.0 MPa, disintegrated (crushed) and combusted with a portion of the ash produced during combustion of the precipitate is recycled to the dehydration step as an additive, and the remainder - warehoused in a hopper followed by removal (US Patent 4587022, C 02 F 11/14, 1986).
The disadvantages of the known process can be attributed to multiple stages, and the need of using a large amount of equipment for filtering, crushing, mixing and pressing. This leads to an increase in energy and labor costs, making it difficult to use the known method.
The problem to be solved by the proposed invention is to provide a method of recycling the dehydrated sewage sludge as energy source.
The technical result of the use of the method is to reduce the volume of construction by eliminating the need for diversion of large areas, simplifying the processing of dehydrated sewage sludge through the use of incineration standard boilers, but also in saving the main fuel - coal due to its partial substitution of dewatered sludge . In addition, the use of the method allows to improve the environmental situation by eliminating environmental pollution.
The problem is solved and the technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the method the processing of dehydrated sewage sludge comprising their grinding, burning to form ash followed by removal of ash dump, before grinding dewatered sewage sludge is uniformly mixed with carbon, shredding the dehydrated mixture of and coal deposits are with simultaneous drying by hot air to form pulverized solid fuel burning in the furnace which are of industrial boiler, wherein the precipitation mixture is 5.1 wt.% lead to a mixture grinding fineness R 5 ÷ 90 = 15% and hot air drying are a mixture temperature of 200 ÷ 400 o C and humidity of 1 ÷ 2%
The invention is illustrated by a drawing.
The drawing schematically shows processing process dehydrated sewage sludge
The process is as follows. The dewatered sewage sludge 1 is supplied to the coal depot 2, where rainfall is uniformly mixed with the coal. From the storage 2 through the belt conveyors 3 and 4, the mixture is fed into the hopper 5 (and / or feeder 6) raw coal, where through the raw coal feeder 6 is directed to milling (grinding) and drying in the mill 7, which simultaneously serves hot air 20 after the air preheater 19 12. The boiler 7 ball mill grinding and drying occur mixture of hot air 20 after the air preheater 19 where the cold air from the pressure blow fan 18 is heated to a temperature of 200 ÷ 400 o C to form a solid pulverized fuel required design parameters (fineness R 90 5 ÷ 15% humidity and W p = 1 ÷ 2%). Then riser pulverized fuel air fed to separator 8, where the major fraction with R 90> 15 ÷ 20% are separated and returned to the regrinding in the mill 7, and the remaining dust is fed to a cyclone 9 where separated dust fines R 90 = <1 ÷ 90 ÷ 15 = 5% is supplied in the dust hopper 13, from which pylepitatelya 14 through the compressed air 15 is fed through pyleprovodu 16 main burners 17 of the boiler 12 for combustion in its pulverized state. Formed in the process of burning a pulverized fuel gases are cleaned in scrubbers with Venturi tubes 21, after which the exhaust fan 22, they are sent to the stack 23.
After combustion in the boiler of 12 trapped ash containing fuels in carrying T University 
3% and fed to the ash dump slag.
The ratio of components in the mixture to be treated in a pulverizing system boiler, the following: wt%. dewatered sludge - 1 ÷ 5%, coal - 95 ÷ 99%. This ratio does not reduce the rated power of the boiler (with a slight decrease in boiler efficiency at 0,05 ÷ 0,15%). Drying and crushing the dewatered sludge in a ball mill pulverizing the boiler system gives a high degree of burnout. The content of combustibles in ash for this University does not exceed 3%, which indicates a high efficiency boiler (gross). Characteristics of fuel from sewage sludge and coal are given in the table.
It will be appreciated that when supply of dry sludge volumes than 5% for co-firing coal with a calorific value of 5600 kcal design / kg boiler begins to fall below the nominal load. Considering that, as a rule, the typical industrial steam boilers operate at loads of 80 ÷ 95% of the rated capacity, it will allow them to burn rainfall of 5 ÷ 10% of the weight of the fuel, without limitation steam consumers. If at the level of the need to maintain the steam load rated for quantities incinerated precipitation 5 ÷ 10% in proportion to the need to increase the caloric content of the coal burned Q P H (in our case with 5600 kcal / kg to 6000 ÷ 6200 kcal / kg).
Example
Recycling subjected dewatered in a centrifuge the mixture of primary sludge and excess activated or humidity of 65%. The dewatered sludge is transported by road to the nearest CHP. By existing stock coal used as the primary fuel is added 1% by weight of the dehydrated sludge and mixed uniformly. The mixture of sludge and coal fed along a conveyor belt to the hopper of raw coal from the feeder through which raw coal is fed into the ball mill where hot air is simultaneously fed with a temperature of 250 o C. In the ball mill grinding there is a precipitate, and drying the mixture and to coal fineness 5 ÷ 15% humidity and 1 ÷ 2%. Pulverized fuel upflow fed into a separator where the major fraction with R 90> 15 ÷ 20% is separated and recycled to regrinding ball mill, and the remaining dust is fed to the cyclone, where separated dust fines R 90 = <1 ÷ 90 = 5 ÷ 15% of the dust is fed into a hopper, from which by means of compressed air fed pylepitatelya pyleprovodu by a main burner of the boiler for burning it in a pulverized state. Formed in the process of burning a pulverized fuel gases through a system of scrubbers with Venturi tube exhaust fan is directed to the chimney. Collected ash containing fuels in carrying out Mr. un = 2% and the slag is sent to the ash dump. Boiler efficiency is 90-97%.
Thus, the proposed method allows utilization of dewatered sewage sludge without pre-drying water content to 60-85% as an energy source, reduce the amount of construction by eliminating the need for diversion of significant areas, to simplify the processing of the dehydrated sewage sludge through the use of incineration for typical boilers, but also to reduce the consumption of primary fuel (coal) due to its partial replacement of the dewatered sludge. In addition, the use of the method allows to improve the environmental situation by eliminating environmental pollution.
CLAIM
Method for processing dewatered sewage sludge comprising grinding them, to form a combustion fly ash, followed by removal of ash in the blade, characterized in that before grinding the dehydrated sewage sludge in an amount of 1.5 wt. % Uniformly mixed with carbon, shredding the dehydrated mixture of coal and precipitation is carried out until fineness R 90 = 5 ÷ 15% with simultaneous drying by hot air temperature of 200-400 o C and humidity of 1 ÷ 2% to form a solid pulverized fuel combustion which leads in industrial furnace boiler.
print version
Publication date 19.02.2007gg
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