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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2051171
LINE FOR OBTAINING OIL FROM COFFEE SLUDGE AND WASTE PRODUCTION COFFEE
The name of the inventor: Andrey Ivanovich Sobolev; Kuznetsov Dmitry Ivanovich; Ivanov Victor Evgenevich
The name of the patent holder: Andrey Ivanovich Sobolev; Kuznetsov Dmitry Ivanovich; Ivanov Victor Evgenevich
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 1993.03.17
Use: oil and fat industry, in particular, obtaining coffee oil. Essence: the line for obtaining coffee oil from coffee slurry and coffee-making waste contains two successively installed units of a similar design for processing raw materials with alcohol and extraction with a hydrocarbon solvent. Each of the plants includes a horizontal screw countercurrent extractor, an extractor, a filter, a centrifuge, an unheated airing drum and a vapor condenser, with a hammer or disk type crusher between the first of the winding drums and the second extractor. The line provides the conditions for the complete extraction of the oil by saturating the feed with alcohol and removing the aromatic extract containing the coffin before the main extraction.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a technique for extracting vegetable oils, in particular to equipment for extracting coffee oil from coffee cuttings and coffee-making waste.
There are known lines for the production of vegetable oils, containing extractors, miscella collections, filters, equipment for distilling the solvent from the miscella and the meal [1, 2]
The closest to the proposed line is a vegetable oil production line comprising a horizontal countercurrent extractor, a miscella collection, a filter, a pre-evaporation and final distillation unit of the miscella in the film, a milling and drying unit, a solvent vapor condenser, pumps and pipelines [2]
In this line, a multi-stage extraction is carried out with a single kind of solvent, which does not provide the extraction of oil from such raw materials as coffee slime or coffee waste. This is because the conditions for the penetration of the solvent into the oil contained in the coffee cells can be created only after preliminary interaction with alcohol and water. Water promotes the swelling of the cell and increases the solubility of alcohol, and alcohol is needed to extract aromatic and other extractive substances, the presence of which in pure coffee oil is undesirable. In case there is a wet raw material, a highly concentrated alcohol is used for the pretreatment, while the dry raw material requires the use of an aqueous solution of alcohol.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide conditions for the complete extraction of coffee oil. The technical result, allowing to solve this problem, saturation of raw materials with alcohol and, if necessary, water and withdrawal of aromatic extract before the main extraction.
In order to achieve this technical result, in a line for producing an oil containing a horizontal countercurrent extractor, a miscella collection, a filter, a pre-evaporation and final distillation unit of the micelle in the film, a solvent and meal separation unit, a solvent vapor condenser, pumps and pipelines is proposed as a horizontal countercurrent Extractor, use an auger extractor for treatment with an easily volatile hydrocarbon solvent, and the solvent separation unit and drying cake comprise a centrifuge and an unheated airing drum with a fan, a miscella collector, a filter, a ventilating drum and a vapor condenser having a similar basic design and serving to pretreat the feed with alcohol or Its aqueous solution, and between the additional ventilating drum and the main extractor on the line of their communication, a hammer or disc type crusher is installed to obtain the grits from the residue after the alcohol treatment.
Preliminary treatment of raw materials with alcohol or its aqueous solution (the alcohol concentration is selected depending on the initial moisture content of the feedstock) makes it possible to provide conditions for efficient extraction of the oil by an easily volatile hydrocarbon solvent, preferably hexane; The hydroalcoholic extract obtained in this case and containing cofheol can be used in the confectionery and wine industry, for example in the production of liqueurs. Application for treatment with alcohol, as well as for hexane treatment, screw extractors provides a one-step countercurrent interaction with the extracted material, the most expedient in this case. In a ventilating drum with a slight vacuum and natural temperature, moisture from the remainder after alcohol treatment, wrung out in a centrifuge, is distilled off with alcohol vapors, but some of it is retained in the material treated with hexane. This is necessary in order for hexane to penetrate the cell and "approach" to the fat contained in the cell, which increases the extraction efficiency.
The use of the same drum to treat the mineral residue after hexane extraction and allows to exclude high-temperature heating and to drive off the volatile solvent. The hexane miscella in the first stage is evaporated in a tubular device, and the second one in a rotary film evaporator.
The figure shows the proposed line. It contains a storage bin 1 for raw materials, a twin-screw horizontal countercurrent extractor 2, a container 3 for alcohol, a collector 4, a pump 5, a filter 6, a storage tank 7 for a hydroalcoholic extract, a centrifuge 8, an unheated airing drum 9, a condenser 10 for vapors Alcohol, a hammer or disc type mill 11, an extractor 12 similar in design to the extractor 2, a container 13 for hexane or another readily volatile hydrocarbon solvent, a pump 14, a miscella collector 15, a pump 16, a filter 17, a storage tank 18 for a miscella, a centrifuge 19, A drum 20, a hexane vapor condenser 21, a tubular evaporator 22, an intermediate tank 23, a film evaporator 24 with a condenser 25.
LINE WORKS AS FOLLOWING
The coffee raw material from storage hopper 1 is fed to extractor 2 where alcohol or its aqueous solution is supplied from vessel 3. The water-alcohol extract obtained in countercurrent interaction flows into the collection 4, where from pump 5 through filter 6 it is withdrawn to storage tank 7 for shipment To the consumer. The spent material enters the centrifuge 8, where it is squeezed out. Liquid phase and leaves in the collection 4, and solid in the drum 9, equipped with a fan (not shown in the drawing). The distilled vapors of water and alcohol condense in the condenser 10 and return to the collector 4 in liquid form. The dry residue from the drum 9 is taken to the mill 11, where it is crushed into grits. The crumb is fed to the extractor 12 together with the hexane from the feed tank 13 pumped by the pump 14. The hexane miscella flows into the collection vessel 15 and the pump 16 through the filter 17 is supplied to the storage vessel 18. The meal passes the same treatment as described above in the centrifuge 19 and drum 20. The vapor condensate from Of the condenser 21 is returned to the receptacle 15 in the same way as the liquid phase from the centrifuge 19. The dry residue from the drum 20 is withdrawn and used for preparing the feed. The miscella passes through the tubular evaporator 22 where about 90% of the hexane in the thin film is distilled from it and through the intermediate tank 23 into the film rotary evaporator 24 for final distillation.
Thus, in the proposed line, a natural coffee oil is obtained, almost free of the aromatic fraction of the coffee bean, while in known installations it is practically impossible to separate them.
CLAIM
LINE FOR OBTAINING OIL FROM COFFEE SLUDGE AND WASTE PRODUCTION COFFEE, comprising a horizontal countercurrent extractor, a miscella collection, a filter, a pre-evaporation and final distillation unit of the micelle in the film, a solvent separation and drying unit, a solvent vapor condenser, pumps and pipelines, That as a horizontal countercurrent extractor, a screw extractor is used to treat the feedstock with a volatile hydrocarbon solvent, and the solvent separation and drying unit consists of a centrifuge and an unheated airing drum with a fan, the line being equipped with an additional extractor, extractor, centrifugal filter, ventilating drum and condenser Vapors having a similar basic performance and serving to pre-treat the feedstock with an alcohol or aqueous solution thereof, and a hammer or disc type crusher is installed between the additional airing drum and the main extractor to produce the grits from the remainder after the alcohol treatment.
print version
Publication date 20.02.2007gg
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