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Model representations of Maxwell equations
Valery Pakulin
As shown in this site the ZI DOCTOROVICH "Refuting electromagnetism and the way out of this impasse," the analysis of Maxwell's equations. The author comes to the following conclusions:
- Maxwell's equations of electrodynamics does not contain a description of the non-stationary electric field gradient and the mechanism of their distribution;
- Maxwell's hypothesis of excitation of a magnetic field gradient component of the electric field of the capacitor ( "displacement current") variable in time is contrary to the basic provisions of the classical field theory and confirmed experimentally;
- the source of the magnetic field are strictly eddy currents J and the time-varying component of the vortex electric intensity E;
- vortex component (rot P) electric strength E is the partial derivative of the vector potential and the magnetic field (B = rot A), taken with the opposite sign and having a strictly rotational character (rot P) = -A / t;
- complete system of equations of the magnetic field in free space as follows:
 |
(1) |
| (2) | |
| (3) | |
| (4) |
In another form of the equation is as follows:
 |
(5) |
| (6) | |
| (7) |
where A - the magnetic vector potential, J - density of the electric current vector, F - force acting on electric charges in the magnetic field, q - electric charge, μμ 0 - absolute magnetic surrounding medium, c - velocity of propagation of the magnetic field in the environment .
Thus, one of the Maxwell equation 
describes electrostatics, and others independent of him, describe magnetodynamics.
Lorentz force 
in the equation (4) by simply appends to community expression. However, the expression for the Lorentz force can be obtained directly from Maxwell's equations, if we replace private derivatives on time to complete. In other words, let the Maxwell equations describe experiences and Faraday and Oersted to restore electromagnetic induction in a conductor moving in a magnetic field:
 |
(8) |
| (9) | |
| (10) | |
| (eleven) |
Expanding the expression for the derivative of the right-hand side of equation (9), we obtain
If the speed does not depend on coordinates, then
Finally, we obtain the expression for the intensity of the vortex electric field
Since, by definition, strength E is the force per unit charge, the charge q on the part of the magnetic field strength of the electric current acts
 |
(12) |
The first term determines the force acting on a charge q at its movement with respect to the static magnetic field, and the second term describes the force acting on the charge at rest in an alternating magnetic field. The negative sign in this case shows that the action of the force direction is opposite to the current direction - the magnetic field source. From (12) we see that the electric field in the expression for the force there, the power is determined by the derivative with respect to time and coordinates of the magnetic vector potential A.
How to imagine a physical picture of the phenomena? Transparent vortex model of the microworld is described in detail on the website http://www.valpak.narod.ru . As it is based on the following proposition: all the particles are rapidly rotating vortices graviton gas. In particular, the only elementary particle - neutrinos is toroidal vortex having a toroidal or circular rotation.
An electronic image of the two vortices neutrinos with opposite velocities are mutually attracted to each other by the mechanism of the strong interaction. They rotate in a circular orbit around a common point in the plane perpendicular to the plane of the rings. Moments of neutrinos with opposite. Resulting in rotation of "eight" new vortex has a spin - intrinsic angular momentum of an electron Ms = h / 2. Spin is not associated with the moments M circular rotations.
Fig. 1. The structure of the electron
It is easy to notice that rotating vortex neutrinos form a kind of gear pump, ejecting a stream of gravitons on the direction of the velocity v. Along the axis formed by the open vortex tube of indefinite length that rotates around its axis with a frequency toroidal vortex neutrinos. The rotation of the vortex tube for an electronic image left screw direction of flow. The intensity of the source of forward flow in the axial open vortex tube identified with the electron charge, and the field of translational velocities it is identified with a gradient (Coulomb) electric field. Next, we call this pipe "charge". flow lines defining the translatory motion - is the electric field lines. The intensity of the forward flow at each point determines the electric field intensity. At the beginning of the charge tubes in positron source is located, and the electron - flow. Therefore, the positron charge called positive and the electron charge - negative. The numerical value of the charge is determined by the intensity of forward flow.
The rotation of the electron around its axis creates a closed circular flow of entrained gravitons - the magnetic field. However, there are two streams: a cross around the axis and a longitudinal - along the axis (Figure 2). Cross-flow speed is identified with the magnetic induction B and the longitudinal flow sets the value of the vector potential A.
The magnetic interaction between charges due to the rotation of the charge tube E, which is engaged with the stream flow accelerating positive charge emf. In the absence of a directional flow of each electron has an intrinsic magnetic field B, but the cumulative effect of randomly directed field is zero. When applied to the conductor voltage, electrons begin to move in the direction of the tube E. However, their magnetic fields are added in proportion to the number of directions of moving particles. Figure 2 shows that in this model the electrostatic field E and magnetic field B are independent from each other.
Fig.2. The electric and magnetic field of the electron
Consider the model of the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction (Figure 3). Suppose there is a current conductor 1, which creates a magnetic field around itself. At the same time he placed the other wire 2. The magnetic field B (flow of gravitons) from the wire 1 is aimed at the reader. It orients electrons charge tube in the direction of the vector.
Figure 3. induction scheme
Forceful action in the flow of electrons is reduced to shift them. But the shear center of mass of the body rapidly rotating body is shifted in the direction perpendicular to the direction of force. Fig. 4 shows that if the flow shifts in the centers of mass constituting the electron neutrino, the top of which tends to move to the right, and the bottom - left. This torque roll out the e Charge handset E downstream of In.
Figure 4. The orientation of an electron in a magnetic field
A longitudinal flow shifts focused on the field in the direction of the electrons in the wire 1. Changing the current in the wire 1 is equivalent to the appearance of the radial flow of gravitons A / t. This flow of electrons shifts oriented radially. But radially displaced masses of electrons centers fall within the own axial velocity that leads to the axial drift. The same occurs when the radial movement relative to each other conductors.
If the wire 2 and current flows, these currents are attracted, if they have the same direction and at repel oppositely directed currents. This is true both for the motion of two electrons, for currents in vacuo and the currents in the conductors. Fig. 5 is a diagram of the interaction of two unidirectional currents.
Fig. 5. The interaction of two currents
The figure shows the two wires, in which the electron currents are directed for the drawing. The wire 2 electrons forming current are oriented so that their charge tube are directed along the axis of the wire. The flow of magnetic induction from the wire 1 acts on the highspeed electrons in the wire 2 by shifting their centers of mass up where the linear speed of rotation is directed to the left, to the wire 1. Therefore, the flow of electrons wires 2 will be shifted to the wire 1. If the electrons are not free flow, and the conductor, there is a force tending to move the vehicle. Similarly, the magnetic field the electrons wire 2 displaces one wire (not shown).
CONCLUSIONS
1. The expression for the Lorentz force follows directly from Maxwell's equations, if we replace private time derivative of the total derivative.
2. The physical model of electromagnetic phenomena based on the electronic submission of a rapidly rotating gas vortices graviton - medium filling space.
3. The static electric field of the electron beam is modeled by a rotating flow.
4. The magnetic field is modeled entrained annular flux (magnetic induction) which is continuously displaced in the axial direction (the vector potential A). Three values Vj, and Az (A / t) r mutually orthogonal.
5. The charges are not born and do not disappear electric and magnetic fields. They are converted into each other. They are a constant feature of the charges. At the ordered motion of electrons (current), we fix the appearance of the magnetic field due to the superposition of the effects of each of all the same direction of the electrons.
6. The phenomenon of electromagnetic induction (occurrence of EMF in a conductor placed in an alternating magnetic field of another conductor with a current) is caused only by magnetic fields (induction B and the associated vector potential A). The electric field E in the phenomenon of induction is not involved.
7. If the two electrons, two electrons in a vacuum or in the two current conductor in the same direction, they are attracted to, and if the direction of their movement are opposite, are repelled.
print version
Author: Valery Pakulin
PS material is protected.
Publication date 01.03.2005gg
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