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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2097862
DEVICE FOR PROTECTION AGAINST OVER-TERMINALS
The applicant's name: Vitkin Alexander Lvovich; Roset Vladimir Efimovich; Krenhaus Ella Borisovna
The name of the inventor: Vitkin Alexander Lvovich; Roset Vladimir Efimovich; Krenhaus Ella Borisovna
The name of the patent holder: Vitkin Alexander Lvovich; Roset Vladimir Efimovich; Krenhaus Ella Borisovna
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 1995.07.25
The invention relates to electrical engineering . The overvoltage protection device comprises a nonlinear resistor made in the form of at least one column located in an insulating heat-conducting bulk material in an insulating cylinder. This cylinder is located inside the cylindrical insulating body coaxially to it with a gap filled with a loose electrically insulating heat conducting material. The device also contains a channel for the escape of gases. Inside the insulating cylinder, along its entire height, there is a partition made of insulating material, dividing its internal cavity in cross section into two parts, forming a cavity with the inner wall of the insulating cylinder on one side. In the first part there is a nonlinear resistor with a loose insulating material, in the second - a channel for the escape of gases. The partition in cross-section can have the form of an arc and its convex side faces the cavity forming the channel for the escape of gases. The invention solves the problem of reducing the material consumption, reducing the size and increasing the reliability of the device for protecting against overvoltage.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to electrical engineering and is designed to protect the insulation of electrical equipment of high voltage stations and substations of AC and DC from atmospheric and switching overvoltage.
A device for protecting against overvoltages is known (aut.s 947317, H01 C l / 028, filed 25.01.78) , comprising a nonlinear resistor made in the form of parallel columns disposed in a cylindrical insulating body filled with an insulating heat conducting material and a channel For the escape of gases. The gas outlet is made in the form of a double-layer insulating cylinder coaxial to the insulating housing, and parallel columns are located between the inner surface of the housing and the outer surface of the cylinder.
This design does not provide the necessary explosion safety , since the arc formed when the columns of resistors in emergency mode is closed and hot gases touching the inner surface of the porcelain directly or through a small layer of insulating material can cause its destruction as a result of a sharp temperature drop. In addition, in this design, it is necessary to use a sufficiently thick-walled porcelain from a high strength mass, since the strength of conventional porcelain is not sufficient to withstand the internal pressure of the gases in the overlap prior to the operation of the entire intrinsic safety system (inner cylinder valve).
In addition, the disadvantage of the device is that the cylinder must be circular, which is not rational from the point of view of obtaining the maximum cross-section of the channel for the exit of gases and the dimensions of the device in the diametric plane. This is particularly evident in the case of one or a small number of columns in a nonlinear resistor, when all the rest of the space between the cylinder and the housing, except for the location of the column of nonlinear resistors, is unjustified and entails an increase in the dimensions of the device in the diametric plane and additional material consumption. In addition, in emergency mode, the surface of the insulating cylinder, through which hot gases penetrate into the gas outlet, is determined, in practice, by the diametrical cross section of the damaged resistor column.
The specified device is taken as a prototype.
The invention solves the problem of reducing the material consumption, reducing the dimensions and increasing the reliability of the device for protecting against overvoltages.
The surge protection device comprises a nonlinear resistor made in the form of at least one column housed in a cylindrical insulating body in an electrically insulating heat-conductive bulk material and a gas exit passage made in the form of an insulating cylinder.
To solve the task in this device, a nonlinear resistor is located inside the insulating cylinder, along the entire height of which there is a partition of insulating material, dividing its internal cavity into two parts, in the first of which a nonlinear resistor with a loose electrical insulating heat-conducting material is placed, and in the second channel for Output of gases.
The partition in cross section can have the form of an arc and its convex side faces the part of the cavity with the channel for the escape of gases.
The combination of these features allows us to solve the task of reducing the material consumption, reducing the size and increasing the reliability of the device for protection against overvoltages.
 1 shows a longitudinal section of the device |
 Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view |
The device comprises a cylindrical insulating body 1 with a block 2 arranged therein which consists of an insulating cylinder 3 having a partition 4 separating the gas outlet 5 and a nonlinear resistor 6 made in this case from a single column placed in a loose insulation heat conductive material 7. In this particular example, the insulating cylinder 3 and the partition 4 are made of fiberglass, with a cylinder wall thickness of 3 mm and a wall thickness of 0.5 mm. The partition can be pasted into the previously manufactured cylinder 3, or it can be executed technologically simultaneously with the execution of the cylinder 3. Quartz sand is used as the heat conducting insulating bulk material. It also forms a layer 8 between the body 1 and the cylinder 3. The body 1 is provided with flanges 9 and sealed with metal covers 10. The covers 10 are provided with holes that are closed by safety valves 11.
The surge protector works as follows. In normal operation mode, the device is affected by the operating voltage of the network. In the event of overvoltages in the network, the device limits them to a predetermined value in accordance with the current-voltage characteristic of the apparatus. The heat released during this process is discharged through the loose insulating heat-conducting material, the insulating cylinder 3 and the casing 1 to the outside. If there was a damage to the column of the non-linear resistor 6, which went into burning the arc of the short-circuit current, then in the space where the arc burns, the pressure will start to increase sharply, the partition 4 will collapse, freeing up the gas exit cavity, which it limited, for the expansion of the glowing gases. Since this cavity has a direct outlet to the safety valves, the latter, when the pressure reaches the operating level, come into effect and relieve the pressure inside the insulating cylinder 3 outward. In this case, the walls of the cylinder 3 and the layer 8 of insulating material protect the body 1 from direct contact of the incandescent gases and pressure and, as a consequence, from explosive destruction.
The use of the proposed device design makes it possible to locate the insulating cylinder, the gas exit cavity, the non-linear resistor and the heat conducting insulating material in the cylindrical insulating housing in the most rational way, reducing the dimensions of these elements and, consequently, the overall dimensions of the device, which in turn leads to a decrease in the material capacity . Application of the proposed design and increases the reliability of the device, improving explosion safety, and simplifies the assembly.
CLAIM
An overvoltage protection device comprising a non-linear resistor made in the form of at least one column disposed in a cylindrical insulating body in an electrically insulating heat-conducting bulk material and a gas exit passage formed in an insulating cylinder, characterized in that along the entire height of the insulating Cylinder there is a partition made of insulating material, dividing its internal cavity into two parts, in the first of which a nonlinear resistor is placed in the loose insulating heat-conducting material, and in the second one, the said channel for the escape of gases.
The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the partition in cross-section has an arc shape and with its convex side faces a part of the cavity with the gas outlet.
print version
Date of publication 12.11.2006гг
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