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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2252140
ROTARY DRILLING UNIT FOR AMBER PRODUCTS

Name of applicant: Kaliningrad State Technical University (RU)
Name of the inventor: Tilipalov VN (RU); Tilipalov VV (RU)
The name of the patentee: Kaliningrad State Technical University (RU)
Address for correspondence: 236000, Kaliningrad, Soviet avenue, 1, Kaliningrad State Technical University, the patent department
Starting date of the patent: 2004.02.17

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, more specifically to the production of machines for the machining of stones, in particular for drilling of amber product. The invention consists in the fact that the installation position of each working spindle is provided with a second carton situated opposing the first. Drills in the machining head mounted coaxially. The rotary unit is equipped with a device for monitoring the integrity and blunt drills, including two fiber optic sensor connected via an electronic unit with a device for non-food blanks working positions. Each sensor is mounted on an arm mounted on the stand rotatably and installed so that the control produces drill after drilling while moving the working position. Device for fixing workpieces mounted for vertical movement. The technical result of the invention is to increase the plant capacity and the exclusion of marriage.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, more specifically to the production of machines for the machining of stones, in particular for drilling of amber product.

Known automatic machines for drilling holes in the amber balls with the rotation of products at 180 ° (Tilipalov VN Peretyatko SB, Borisov BP "Automatic machine to drill holes in the amber balls rotated 180 ° product ". Proceedings of the international scientific-technical conference" BALTTEHMASH - 2000 ", Kaliningrad, KSTU, Part 1, s.54-55).

The machine comprises automatic manipulator for fixing the workpiece and succinic its rotation through 180 °, with the drill spindle receiving rotation from the motor supply node informing the axial movement of the drill bit.

It is known that drilling amber naprohod (through) is not possible, since the exit of the drill blank amber peeling occurs, the material dug out of the great fragility of amber and its low strength. Therefore amber products such as balls, first drilled from one side to 60% length of the hole, then the product is rotated 180 ° and the same drill hole on the other side naprohod. The appearance of cleavage product in the amber leads to the final marriage.

The above-described machine has several drawbacks, chief among which are low productivity and lack of control over the state, and blunt cutting tool, which leads to defective products.

Low productivity due to the fact that in a product manufacturing cycle comprises the time required to move the workpiece from the hopper to the working machine zone, fastening the preform in the manipulator, the supply of the drill to the workpiece, the product turning manipulator 180 °, output drill drilling the second half of the hole , withdrawal of the drill from the workpiece and removing it from the machine working area. As a result, the performance of this machine is 10 ... 12 pcs. / Min. Often, however, it needs to handle products with a capacity of an order of magnitude greater. For example, it contains 65,000 pieces per kilogram. amber balls of 3 mm in diameter and their processing requires 12 days of continuous operation machine. If it is necessary to process five kilograms of raw materials, the machine and the operator, who serves it must continuously work 60 working days, or two and a half calendar months.

Lack of control blunt drill requires relentless attention of the operator, as the drill blunt drill inevitably causes a sharp heat inside the product, while the outer surface remains cold. This leads to a splitting of succinic preform. In addition, when the drill breakage (particularly frequent breaks blunt) preform mixed with raw processed.

The closest to the claimed technical solution is a technological rotor drilling (Tilipalov VN rotary technology and equipment Kaliningrad: KSTU, 2001 - 426, p.203, Figure 6.1..). Rotary machine for drilling consists of a rotor shaft mounted in bearing assemblies installed in the upper and lower plates of the frame, wherein the shaft mounted on one side of the spindle head with a spindle and the drill, and on the other hand - blokoderzhatel with means for securing the handling objects, each of the rotor position comprises a spindle with a drill and a device for securing the treatment of objects, and are provided on the shaft drives the rotation of drills and feeding devices with fixed objects processing on the bit. This rotary rig for drilling of parts is sometimes inductive sensors that monitor the integrity of the drill when it is at the rotation of the rotor passes the inductive sensor. If the drill breakage or the absence of it in the spindle inductive sensor produces an electrical signal applied to the memory device, which in turn delivers an electrical signal to the electromagnet devices for automatic rejection of workpieces new supply of the failed working position. As a result, in the working position, in which the broken drill bit, the new billet do not enter, and rotary setting does marriage.

In this apparatus for drilling provides greater performance by using a rotary principle, when the processing of all other auxiliary times are combined, and products processed during transport them through the process machine, with several identical, exchangeable positions provided in the process the rotor, each of which comprises spindle with a drill and a device for securing the handling of the subject.

The disadvantages of such a rotary drilling installation parts are integrity and lack of control in each drill blunting rotor position, which leads to marriage, and the impossibility of its use for drilling workpieces amber due sided drilling.

The proposed solution is aimed at increasing the capacity of the unit for drilling and the exclusion of marriage through the introduction of integrity and blunt drills in each working position and automatic shut-off position of the blanks required power.

The stated object is achieved in that the device for drilling of amber containing a vertically oriented shaft mounted in bearings mounted in the upper and lower plates of the frame, working positions, each of which comprises means for securing the workpiece and the spindle with a drill, further provided with a second spindle box situated opposing the first, and a drill spindle coaxially mounted boxes. Device for fixing the workpiece at each position is set between the two spindle positions and can move vertically. For integrity and blunt drills proposed rotary unit is equipped with two sensors fiber optics to control the upper and lower drill, which will be triggered in the event of damage or blunt drill after drilling while moving the working position. Sensors fiber optics through the electronic unit associated with a device for non-food blanks working positions. Each fiber optic sensor mounted on an arm mounted on a rotatable rack.

The use of fiber optic sensors to effectively monitor the blunt drill, which is very important when drilling amber pieces, because blunt drill drill inevitably leads to splitting of blanks.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION graphic materials, where:

	Figure 2 - shows a diagram of one of the proposed position of the rotor installation
	Figure 3 - shows the device in an emergency operation circuit malfunction drills

1 - shows a diagram of a position closest analogue - rotary drilling installation.

In the schemes the following notation:

1. stock;
2. cams;
3. Product collet;
4. drill;
5. collet drill;
6. toothed gear;
7. shaft;
8. spindle box top;
9. spindle;
10. emitting light guide;
11. receiving optical fiber;
12. a device for processing secure items;
13. lever arm;
14. rack;
15. bed;
16. cable;
17. spindle box bottom;
18. pulleys;
19. spring;
20. stress;

LED - light-emitting diode;

PD - photodiode.

On the shaft 7 (Figure 2) is fixed upper spindle box, installed in which several spindles 9, each of which are fixed in drill chucks 5 4. Optical fibers 10 extending from the LED LEDs emit a narrow strip with a thickness less than the diameter of the drill, infrared beam which, in this position if the drill is broken, enters the optical fiber 11, translating infrared light on the photodiode PD, PD photodiode converts light into an electric signal, which is transmitted to an electronic unit (not shown in the diagram). SD gets stabilized LED power supply of the electronic unit.

The device 12 for fixing workpieces, in this case, the amber balls can move vertically as shown by arrow to obtain this movement of the rod (the diagram is not shown) that moves as it happens in all rotary machines when the rotor rotates from a stationary cam drum. When the vertical movement device is carried one half drilling holes in a workpiece (e.g., top), and then the second half (e.g., bottom).

These drilling carried out during rotation of the shaft 7 together with all the positions on the steering angle, where there is no control device with sensors fiber optics mounted on the lever 13, which can be rotated by a certain angle around the axis of the rack 14 is fixedly attached to the frame 15. The electrical connection of the LED photodiode and an electronic unit carried by cable 16.

At the bottom of the spindle box 17 has spindles, spindles 9 similar upper machining head. All spindles get rolling through the transmission belt (not shown in the diagram) through the pulleys 18.

After finishing the drilling tool 12 for securing the workpieces is set into the position illustrated in Figure 2, and at that point moves past the position sensor device with fiber optics, which at this time produce an electrical signal when the upper or lower broken drills and at least one in item no. However, this electrical signal is generated and if the blunted drill as a drill for drilling blunt it heats up and emits infrared stream that is captured by a photodiode and converted to an electrical signal. In any case, with the help of this signal is stored item number, in which the faulty tool, and at the approach of such a position to the store from which it is loaded into position next to be processed items, triggered an electromagnet, not allowing the slider feeder to make progress and move another workpiece in a working position area. This allows you to avoid marriage when drilling amber products.

In the event of an emergency, when a broken drill bit left in the amber bowl, and this drill can occupy an arbitrary position, for the protection of fiber optic sensors from breakage, the possibility of rejection of all inspection tools, as shown in Figure 3.

When the device shaft rotation 7 with spindle box 8, the device 12 to secure the amber pieces pass freely by the lever 13, which is mounted fiber optics, LED LED and photodiode PD, but a broken drill bit necessarily touches the lever 13, while it rotates around the post 14, stretching spring 19. After the position of the passage of a broken drill lever 13 by the spring 19 returns to its original position to the stop 20, and the entire control system will be ready for further control. To drill does not damage the broken fiber optics, LED or photodiode, the whole device is closed portion of thin steel plate (not shown in the diagram).

Thus, this system allows not only to monitor the integrity of drills or blunting in each device position, and automatically disable the failed from the supply position of the new workpieces, that is an adaptive control system, as it allows the entire device for drilling amber products to adapt to changing conditions process.

Increased performance of the proposed rotary installation is ensured by the fact that each device position per revolution handles one piece, and as such positions in the device may be several, for example eight, then one revolution of the shaft 8 products will be produced, and if the shaft makes, for example, 20 rpm, then 20 × 8 = 160 will products manufactured in one minute. The proposed rotary installing additional increase of productivity (compared with the closest analog) provided that in each working position of the device has provided the upper spindle, which allows drilling amber blank on both sides, without wasting time to turn workpieces 180 °. Therefore, the proposed device provides two spindle box (upper and lower) and in each working position of installation has respectively upper and lower rotary drill bit (2).

CLAIM

Rotary machine for drilling amber products comprising a vertically oriented shaft mounted in bearings mounted in the upper and lower plates of the frame, the working position, comprising a device for fixing workpieces and the spindle box with the drill, a device for rejecting power workpieces working position, wherein in that each working position is provided with a second spindle box located oppositely to the first, with the drill in the spindle boxes mounted coaxially, moreover, the rotary unit is provided with a device for integrity and blunting of drills, including two sensor fiber optics connected via an electronic unit with a device for refusal to supply workpieces working positions, each fiber optic sensor is mounted on an arm mounted on the stand rotatably and installed so that produces control drill after drilling while moving the working position, and a device for fixing workpieces mounted for vertical movement .

print version
Publication date 09.12.2006gg

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