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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2200093
METHOD OF PROCESSING AMBER

Applicant's name: Kaliningrad State Technical University
The name of the inventor: Tilipalov VN; Peretyatko SB; Akimov SS; Aleshkevich V.V.
The name of the patent holder: Kaliningrad State Technical University
Address for correspondence: 236000, Kaliningrad, Sovetskiy Prospect, 1, Kaliningrad State Technical University, Patent Department
Date of commencement of the patent: 2000.11.02

The method of processing amber to improve the quality of the products is that the sealing of the working chamber is carried out using an elastic shell and the working chamber is vacuumed and the raw material is compacted by means of an elastic sheath.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to methods for processing amber raw materials, preferably fine fractions, and for the production of amber articles, as well as for various compositions comprising amber.

There is a known method for processing amber (Auth svid 1039726, IPC V 28 D 5/00, publ. 07.09.1983, BI 33), including loading it into the working chamber of the mold, sealing it, heating amber in a nitrogen medium at 130-170 ^° C and a pressure of 15-20 · 10 ⁵ Pa with an exposure of 6-12 hours followed by cooling.

The disadvantage of this method is a low degree of purification of amber from the thermal degradation products dissolved in it, which are released during the process of its heating after reaching a temperature in the working space of 100 ^° C, as well as air in the volume of loaded amber mass.

The proposed invention solves the problem of improving the quality of amber products, in particular, their density, dielectric permeability, translucency, increase of the amber utilization rate, and recycling of industrial amber waste products and use of cheap amber raw materials.

The task is achieved by sealing the working chamber using an elastic shell and vacuuming the working chamber with compaction of the raw material by means of an elastic sheath. After evacuation, additional compaction of the amber raw material is carried out by pressing by pressing on the elastic shell from the outside of the mold with compressed gas, and in the process of evacuation, amber thermal destruction products are removed from amber and the working chamber of the mold, their filtration and cooling of the product together with Working chamber.

The accompanying materials show a general view of the device - FIG. 1 and the device in the working position - FIG. 2. FIG.

The following notations are accepted:

1 - connection for connection to the vacuum system;

2 - fixing the cover (bolts);

3 - hollow wall of the working chamber;

4 - collector;

5 - channels for removing gaseous products of thermal destruction of amber;

6 - the filter;

7 - cover;

8 - elastic sheath;

9 - connection for the supply of compressed gas;

10 - amber raw materials;

11 - hollow model;

12 - electric heating elements;

13 - submodel plate - base;

14 - finished pressed product.

In laboratory conditions, the method was carried out as follows. With the lid 7 open (see FIG. 1), amber crumb with a fraction of 1 ÷ 5 mm was loaded into the cavity of the mold cavity formed by the hollow walls 3 and the model 11 fixed to the submodel plate-base 13, with a fraction of 1 to 5 mm, and then to the upper end The surface of the working chamber was laid with an elastic shell 8 made of a rubber sheet 0.5 mm thick. Then, the lid 7 was installed and fastened to the end surface of the hollow walls 3 of the working chamber with the help of bolts 2 and sealed.

With the help of electric heaters 12 made of nichrome wire, the working chamber with the raw material loaded into it was heated to a temperature of 130 ± 5 ^° C, at which amber became plastic and suitable for pressing.

By means of the connection 1 into the working chamber of the chamber through the collector 4, the channels 5 and the filter 6 were evacuated by connecting to a vacuum pump DVN16D (not shown) and began to pump out air and products of thermal destruction of amber that were in the volume of the working space of the chamber and the raw material loaded into it. The rarefaction in the chamber's working space was 10 ^-2 Pa.

During the evacuation process, the elastic sheath 8 was drawn into the working chamber (FIG. 2), compacting the loaded material.

After reaching the temperature of 100 ^° C in the chamber working chamber, gaseous products of thermal destruction of amber were pumped out to the cavity of the collector 4 through a filter 6 and channels 5. After reaching the temperature in the working chamber of the chamber of 130 ^° C, compressed air was started through the connection 9 at a pressure of 20 · 10 ⁵ Pa, which, acting on the rubber shell 8, produced additional pressing of the amber raw material loaded into the chamber.

After switching on the compressed air, without switching off the electric heating elements 12, at a temperature of 130 ± 5 ^° C, the pressure was maintained under a compressed air pressure of 30 minutes.

The compressed air and electric heating elements were then switched off and, without removing the vacuum, the cooling chamber was cooled with the amber product 14 (FIG. 2) contained therein to ambient temperature.

After that, the cavity of the working chamber was connected to the atmosphere, the lid 7 was removed and unloaded the molded and pressed product 14.

To trap the liquid products of thermal destruction of amber, filters 6 made of fiberglass are installed on the walls of the working chamber.

In comparison with the method taken for the prototype, the proposed method provides, by additional pressing of the amber raw material loaded into the working chamber with an increase in density, translucence, dielectric constant and the amber use factor.

In addition, there is a real opportunity in large volumes to process cheap amber raw materials and industrial wastes of amber products into products.

CLAIM

A method for processing amber, comprising loading the amber raw material into the working chamber of the mold, sealing it, heating the raw material to a temperature of at least 130 ^° C. under conditions of its all-round compression and holding at this temperature, characterized in that the working chamber is sealed with an elastic sheath And vacuuming the working chamber with compaction of the raw material by means of an elastic sheath, and after evacuation, additional compaction of the amber raw material is carried out by pressing by pressing on the elastic casing from the outside of the mold with compressed gas, while in the process of evacuation, the press is removed from amber and working chamber -forms of products of thermal destruction of amber, their filtration and cooling of the resulting product together with the working chamber.

print version
Date of publication 02.01.2007гг

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