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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2179510
METHOD OF PROCESSING NATURAL AMBER
Applicant's name: Kaliningrad State Technical University
The name of the inventor: Tilipalov VN; Dumenko Yu.V .; Peretyatko SB; Akimov S.S.
The name of the patent holder: Kaliningrad State Technical University
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 2000.08.02
The method of processing natural amber to expand the assortment of manufactured products consists in the fact that the longitudinal pressing of amber is carried out by rolling it in the form of rollers, and during the heating, pressing and cooling of amber, heat-releasing products of thermal destruction are removed from it.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to methods for processing natural amber and can be used to produce articles of composite materials, the basis of which is natural amber.
A method for processing natural amber is known (A.S. 1283106, MKI V 22 D 5/00, published on January 15, 1987, BI 2), which includes heat treatment of amber in an inert nitrogen medium at 150-170 ° C with simultaneous longitudinal pressing with Force from 7 to 15 kg for 10-20 minutes, followed by cooling with preservation of the longitudinal pressing force.
The method ensures preservation of the decorative properties of the original natural amber and an increase in the coefficient of its use.
Essential disadvantages of the method, which limit the scope of its use, are the following:
- the possibilities of the method are limited to obtaining amber products with a relatively small pressing area, since for the production of, for example, long, thin-walled products with a developed surface (decorative panels, panels, stained-glass windows, etc.) Dramatically complicates and increases the cost of production;
- the quality of amber is significantly reduced compared to the raw material, since a significant part of the products of thermal destruction of amber that is released during its heating remains dissolved in the volume of the product and worsens its original decorative qualities and translucency.
The task to solve the proposed invention is to obtain products from natural amber, in particular thin-walled, long, with a developed surface and with minimal content of products of thermal destruction of amber in the finished product.
The solution of the task is achieved by the fact that the longitudinal pressing of amber is carried out by rolling it in the form of a rotating roller; While in the process of heating, pressing and subsequent cooling of amber, heat-releasing products of thermal degradation are removed from it by evacuating the working cavity of the mold.
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The accompanying drawings show one of the possible design options of the device for implementing the proposed method, on which the experimental work was carried out: a general view of the device - FIG. 1, the device in its operating position is shown in FIG. 2, the finished product is shown in FIG. 3. On the presented graphic materials the following designations are accepted: |
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A specific embodiment of the method
With the lid 11 open (see Figure 1), the amber raw material 6 is loaded into the working cavity of the matrix formed by the hollow walls 9 and the profiled model 7 installed on the submodel base plate 5 in which the electro-heating elements 8 are mounted. Then, the upper The end surface of the matrix was laid with an elastic sheath 10 made of heat-resistant rubber. Then, the lid 11 was installed and the working chamber of the pressing chamber formed by the lid 11 and the matrix 9 was sealed.
With the help of electric heating elements 8, the working chamber of the pressing chamber with the amber raw material loaded into it was heated to a temperature of 150 ± 5 ° C, at which amber became plastic and suitable for pressing.
With the help of the nozzle 14, the working chamber of the pressing chamber through the collector 1, the channels 2 and the filters 3 were evacuated by connecting the DVN 16D vacuum pump (not shown in the drawing) to the vacuum pump and starting to pump the air in the cavity of the working chamber of the pressing chamber with the raw material loaded.
The vacuum in the working chamber of the pressing chamber was 10 -2 Pa.
During the evacuation process, the elastic rubber casing 10 was drawn into the working chamber of the pressing chamber, pressing against the surface of the loaded amber raw material 6. On top of the casing 10, a pressing roller 4 was attached to the press beam (not shown in the drawing), and the entire device was driven back, Forward motion. In this case, the roller 4 was pressed against the casing 10 and, rotating, produced longitudinal pressing of the amber raw material 6 (according to the principle of the action of the asphalt compactor).
After the necessary compaction and reaching a predetermined product thickness, the electric heating elements 8 were switched off and the mold cooling with the product to room temperature was carried out while maintaining the longitudinal pressing with a rotating roller. After the product was finally cooled, the working chamber of the pressing chamber was connected to the atmosphere, the lid 11 was removed and the molded article 13 was discharged having the following dimensions: length 1200 mm; Width - 700 mm; Thickness - 10 mm.
To filter the liquid and solid products evacuated from the thermal destruction of amber, the filters 3 made of fiberglass are installed on the walls of the matrix.
As shown by the results of the experimental work carried out by the authors, the claimed method has the following advantages in comparison with the method taken for the prototype:
- there is a real opportunity for uncomplicated and inexpensive equipment to receive thin-walled large-sized products made of natural amber;
- significantly improve the quality of products with preservation of the internal pattern and translucence of the original amber;
- the coefficient of amber use is increased.
CLAIM
A method for processing natural amber, comprising loading amber raw material into a mold, heating the raw material without air access to a temperature of 150-170 ° C with simultaneous longitudinal pressing and subsequent cooling of the amber with preservation of longitudinal pressing, characterized in that the longitudinal pressing of amber is carried out by rolling it In the form of a roller, and in the process of heating, pressing and cooling of amber, heat-releasing products of thermal degradation are removed from it by evacuating the working cavity of the mold.
print version
Date of publication 02.01.2007гг
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