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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2282561
ATMOSPHERIC propulsor

ATMOSPHERIC propulsor. Alternative engines. Alternative propulsion device. NEW TYPES OF ENGINES. KNOW-HOW. INTRODUCTION. PATENT. TECHNOLOGIES.

English

INVENTION. ATMOSPHERIC propulsor. Russian Federation Patent RU2282561

Name of applicant: Anatoly Yakimenko (RU)
Name of the inventor: Anatoly Yakimenko (RU)
The name of the patentee: Anatoly Yakimenko (RU)
Address for correspondence: 214031, Smolensk, Prospect Builders, 1/42, kv.173, AJ Yakimenko
Starting date of the patent: 2005.02.24

Atmospheric mover relates to the field of transport. The atmospheric propulsion consists of a flat annular base 1 fixedly mounted thereon on the center bearing 2, which is installed abutting with the transmission from the vehicle engine shaft 4 with the locking spacer 5 and fixedly impaled on it at a distance from the base surface of the impeller consisting of annular disk 6 with radially mounted blades 7, pro disc perimeter 6. Along the perimeter of the flat annular base 1 made with openings, fixedly mounted crown 3. During the rotation of the impeller on the surface of a flat circular base 1 is formed by an air vortex. In this case the additional flow of air sucked through the gap between the base 1 and the impeller, and the rim 3 and provides a seal converging airflow. Air vortex causes the static pressure drop on the inner surface of the base 1 by the amount of high-speed vortex pressure, and the pressure difference between the outer and inner surfaces of the base 1 generates propulsive thrust. The invention meets the needs of traction for ground, surface and air vehicles.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Atmospheric mover belongs to the field of transport and can be applied to the main types of ground, surface and air transport. Currently, these types of generally used thrusters are common, like a wheel, and an air propeller, it should be noted that the propeller according to the principle of operation is similar to the propeller.

The main disadvantages of the wheels as a propeller, are:

  • loss of engine power to frictional resistance in the complex mechanisms of power transmission from the engine to the drive wheels;
  • the dependence of the coefficient of friction between the wheel and the road to the nature of its coverage, dirt, moisture, tire construction and a number of other factors (EA Eccentrics "Cars" Selected Works. 1961). Any propeller structurally consists of a set of blades mounted on the hub and the blade element of any real-screw is a small wing, working in the air flow as a normal airplane wing. The propeller creates thrust due to the air suction discarding blades and on their surface forces. Practice shows that the optimal ratio of the flight mode is distributed in the following proportions: 30% by air and 70% drop due to suction forces, that is the main component developed traction - a suction force. In this part of the propeller, as the mover, characterized by significant shortcomings. Suction force dependent on the magnitude of the air discharge on the upper surface of the blade relative to the pressure in the atmosphere, and this quantity of statistics does not exceed 1.5-3%, and to obtain a sufficient thrust force is necessary to increase the working surface of the propeller, mainly by increasing the and the number of blades of the screw diameter. But increasing the number of blades is limited by duty cycle of the swept area of ​​the screw, which is due to the propeller thrust drop does not exceed the value of 0.07-0.08. In this connection, for increased traction following the path of increasing diameter propellers, which are the size of aircraft ranging from 3 to 5 m, and helicopters -. More than 10 m Working big propellers in the open air flow causes an increase in noise levels, and for helicopters It contributes to a large number of different vibrations as separate parts, and the helicopter as a whole, which has a negative impact on their technical characteristics.

(Bajdukov VB "aerodynamics and aircraft flight dynamics". 1979)

(Romasevich VF Samoilov GA "Practical aerodynamics of helicopters." 1980)

The purpose of this invention is to provide for ground, surface and air vehicles united on the principle of action and constructive performance propulsion, allowing to meet the needs traction for a particular vehicle. The medium, which allows to reach a goal is environmental air with its atmospheric pressure, which is normally on the surface of the Earth is 1 kg / cm 2.

The invention is based on the energy equation air, in particular at the Bernoulli equation which establishes communication between the air flow rate and pressure to the incompressible gas jet in the range up to acoustic velocity and is given by:

where: P 1, P 2, and - Pressure and mass density of the air in the relevant sections;

V 1 and V 2 - velocity of air in the respective sections. That is, where the jet velocity of the air particles more reduced pressure, and where less pressure is increased. This law, as noted above, has been widely used in aerodynamics, he explains the occurrence of suction forces as an airplane wing and the propeller blades. However, the proposed atmospheric propulsion and versions is a fundamentally new technical solution and can not be regarded as a prototype propeller.

The novelty of the technical solution consists in that on the inner circumferential surface of the flat base propulsion by a rotating impeller with radially fixed vanes forming air vortex adjustable in a certain range of its rate of air flow, thereby providing a significant drop in air pressure at the surface and by the difference of atmospheric pressure on the outer and inner surfaces of the base of the propeller to obtain the necessary and sufficient traction for a particular vehicle.

ATMOSPHERIC propulsor

1 shows a proposed atmospheric mover section along A-A in Figure 2

Figure 2 - the same, top view

On the inner surface of the flat annular base with the hub 1 and the center bearing 2 is fixedly mounted on the perimeter of the crown 3. The two shaft bearing 4 is mounted with the spacer 5. On the shaft 4 until it stops with the spacer 5 is pressed in the impeller consisting of an annular disc 6 7 and vanes fixedly secured to the radially inner surface of the annular disc. Propulsion its base is attached directly to the engine or the vehicle body depending on the adopted constructive circuit 8 (shown in phantom) and the impeller shaft 4 is joined to the transmission from the vehicle engine. Atmospheric propulsive thrust develops as follows. When the transmission and a propeller impeller imparting rotary motion from the engine, the air entering the inner cavity of the impeller opening, and is captured by the blades 7 is rotationally driven, the blades moving in the cavity 7 by unwinding spiral trajectory. Upon exiting the air impeller cavity at a circumferential linear velocity of the end of the blade diverges in the plane of rotation of the fan at a tangent to the circumference of the impeller into the surrounding space.

In this case the impeller has two characteristics:

  • inner area of ​​suction air into the cavity of blades less than the area of ​​air outlet on the outer circumference 7 of the blades;
  • the linear speed of the blades 7, and accordingly, the air transported by them from the center to the periphery of the wheel increases proportionally to the radius.

Smooth increase in the area covered by the vanes 7, and the linear speed from the center towards the periphery, in accordance with the law of continuity (i.e. discontinuities) air flow requires the need for additional air flow in the diverging peripheral zone of the impeller. Needs extra volume of air drawn through the annular gap a of the inner hole of the annular base 1 moving in the impeller cavity and the space between the base 1 and the impeller while unwinding and forming the inner surface of the base 1, the air vortex moving in the same path as the air flow in the impeller cavity. The amount of air flow in the vortex is in direct proportion to the linear velocity of the blades of the impeller 7. It increases smoothly from start sucking air to the outer impeller perimeter beyond which begins to fall, spreading the fan on the annular base throughout the perimeter of the area 1, then coming to the crown 3 is sealed, clinging to its spherical surface, and descends at an angle in the strontium outdoor surface of the base 1. to strengthen the swirl outside the impeller provides an additional flow of air by the end portions of blades 7 that extend beyond the perimeter of the annular disk 6 by an amount b, whereby an additional amount of air sucked from the top, increasing the air flow vortex. The air flow rate of the vortex as the presence of frictional forces and other factors, somewhat behind the linear velocity of the blades of the impeller 7. However, providing constructive performance of the engine to the transmission such as to allow a wide range of settlement to regulate the number of revolutions of the impeller mover, and, consequently, increase the speed of the air vortex flow to the required value in the subsonic range. air vortex formation leads to the fall of the static pressure on the inner surface of the base 1 by the amount of high-speed vortex pressure equal Where V vortices - the average speed of the air vortex flow.

The pressure difference on the exterior and interior surfaces of the base 1 creates a propulsive thrust, directed towards the lower pressure.

To quantify the quantities of atmospheric traction propulsion, which they can develop in the subsonic range, consistently take such averaged vortex air flow rate: 100 m / s; 200 m / sec and 250 m / sec.

Calculation of the dynamic pressure indicates that the thrust of these values will be respectively: 64.5 g / cm 2; 258 g / cm 2; 403.1 g / cm 2. The percentage of the atmospheric pressure is the amount,%: 6.45; 25.8; 40.3.

Based on the data presented above shows that atmospheric thruster whose performance is at least an order of magnitude propellers, and its technical level considerably above all common currently propellers because it eliminates all the drawbacks inherent characteristic.

Some tentative design requirements for individual elements of propulsion:

  • length of the blades 7 is not more than 35% of the impeller radius;
  • size value of b varies in the range of 8-37% of the blade length increases with circumferential linear velocity;
  • length of the blade 7 to the inside diameter of the impeller rings is greater than the length of its outside perimeter 1.8-2 times;
  • the number of blades of the impeller 7 is determined by the size corresponds to the average width of the blade size between the ends of two adjacent blades along the outer perimeter;
  • radius of the base of the impeller 1 is greater than the radius about the size of the blade length 7;
  • the inner diameter of the base ring 1, the inner diameter of the ring disc 6 by approximately 5-10%;
  • size variable with must ensure free access of air into the inner bottom of the hole 1;
  • the size and the quantity is determined by the maximum thrust propeller at the maximum design speed of the impeller;
  • Impeller parts should be made of light and strong metals and have a minimum weight.

CLAIM

The atmospheric propulsion, consisting of a flat annular base with fixedly mounted thereon on the center bearing, which is installed abutting with the transmission from the engine of the vehicle shaft with the fixing spacer and fixedly impaled on it at a distance from the base surface of the impeller with radially mounted blades, wherein in that it is provided with an annular disc, on the inner surface of which is fixedly mounted said blade extending beyond the disc perimeter, and the perimeter of the flat annular base member made with holes for air suction through the gap between the base and the impeller is fixedly mounted a crown, ensuring the seal and converging airflow.

print version
Publication date 30.12.2006gg