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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2114315
ADAPTIVE MULTI-FUEL ENGINE OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION

ADAPTIVE MULTI-FUEL ENGINE OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION. ALTERNATIVE ENGINE. ALTERNATIVE DRIVER. NEW TYPES OF ENGINES. KNOW HOW. INTRODUCTION. PATENT. TECHNOLOGIES.

English

INVENTION. ADAPTIVE MULTI-FUEL ENGINE OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION. Patent of the Russian Federation RU2114315

Name of the applicant: Konyukhov Vitaliy Alekseevich; Konyukhov Aleksey Vitalievich; Konyukhova Elena V.
The name of the inventor: Konyukhov Vitaliy Alekseevich; Konyukhov Aleksey Vitalievich; Konyukhova Elena V.
The name of the patentee: Konyukhov Vitaliy Alekseevich; Konyukhov Aleksey Vitalievich; Konyukhova Elena V.
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 1997.12.02

The internal combustion engine is able to adapt to work on different types of fuel and changing during its operation load. The engine consists of several autonomously working modules, the number of which can vary depending on the magnitude of the load, and is equipped with a main microprocessor, whose inputs are connected to the controller of the control unit and the engine speed sensor, and the outputs-with the mechanisms of switching-off modules. Each module is equipped with an auxiliary microprocessor, whose inputs are connected to the outputs of the main microprocessor, detonation sensors, sensors for determining the top and bottom dead spots of the pistons, and the outputs - with a drive mechanism for changing the compression ratio and working volume, having a reversible element, and fuel- The reversing elements being connected to the rocking axes of the arms, each of which is connected to the joint of the articulated connecting rod, and are reciprocable. The technical result consists in increasing the efficiency of the engine by automatically adjusting the compression ratio of the cylinder working space and the number of working cylinders.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to machine building, in particular to engine building, namely, to internal combustion engines adapted to operate on various types of fuel, with the possibility of regulating the compression ratio and working volume by changing the stroke of the piston.

An adaptive multi-fuel internal combustion engine is known, comprising a body , cylinders with lids, pistons disposed in cylinders, a crankshaft, connecting rods consisting of two pivotally connected parts, one connected to a piston and the other to a crankshaft crank, levers Each of which is connected to the joint of the connecting rod, drive mechanisms for varying the compression ratio and the working volume in each cylinder associated with the swing axes of the levers with the possibility of moving their swing axes, the fuel supply system, lubrication and cooling of the engine and the engine control unit ( German Application No. 3107244, F 01 D 15/02, 1982 ).

However, the known engine is characterized by insufficiently efficient operation of the control mechanism of the compression ratio and the working volume, which does not provide the possibility of automatic load regulation. In addition, this engine does not provide the ability to control the power by turning on and off the engine groups of the engine.

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the engine by automatically regulating the degree of compression and working volume by changing the stroke of the piston, as well as automatically adjusting the number of working cylinders when the load changes.

The problem is solved by the fact that an adaptive multi-fuel internal combustion engine comprising a body, cylinders with lids, pistons arranged in cylinders, a crankshaft, connecting rods consisting of two pivotally connected parts, one of which is connected to the piston and the other to Crankshaft crankshaft, levers each connected to the connecting rod joint, drive mechanisms for varying the compression ratio and working volume in each cylinder associated with the swing axes of the levers with the possibility of moving their swing axles, the fuel supply system, lubrication and cooling of the engine and the engine control, According to the invention, is made of at least two modules and is equipped with a main microprocessor whose inputs are connected to the controller of the control and the engine speed sensor, and the outputs are to the module on / off mechanisms, each module is equipped with an auxiliary microprocessor whose inputs are connected to the outputs of the main Microprocessor, detonation sensors, sensors for determining the top and bottom dead points of the pistons, and the outputs with a drive mechanism for varying the compression ratio and the working volume having a reversible member and with the fuel-injection devices of the fuel supply system, the reversing elements being connected to the swing axes of the levers and configured to Reciprocating movement in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of the cylinders.

This task is also solved by the fact that each module can contain two cylinders and two cranks with autonomous working parts of the fuel supply, lubrication and cooling systems, and the mechanisms of switching-on and off of the modules can be made in the form of hydraulic clutches with electric control drives that are connected to the outputs of the main microprocessor.

The task is also solved by the fact that each module can be equipped with an individual oil casing, and the autonomous sections of the module lubrication system are communicated with one another circulation circuits including oil pumps.

And the problem is solved by the fact that the autonomous sections of the cooling system of the modules are equipped with coolant temperature sensors and integrated into a circulation circuit including a radiator, thermostat and a fan, the temperature sensors are connected to the input of the main microprocessor, and the electric drives of the thermostat and the fan are connected to the outputs of the latter.

ADAPTIVE MULTI-FUEL ENGINE OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the two-cylinder module of the proposed engine

FIG. 2 - kinematic scheme of the engine with the piston at the top dead center and coincidence of the axial lines of the piston, articulated connecting rod and the crankshaft crank

FIG. 3 - kinematic scheme of the engine with the piston at the bottom dead center and the extreme right position of the reversible element

FIG. 4 is a diagram of the arrangement of links of the kinematic circuit of the engine with the piston in the top dead center and coincidence of the axial lines of the piston, the articulated connecting rod and the crankshaft crank

FIG. 5 is a diagram of the arrangement of the links of the kinematic circuit of the engine at the position of the piston at the top dead center and the extreme right position of the reversible element

FIG. 6 - diagram of the arrangement of the links of the kinematic circuit of the engine with the piston position
At the bottom dead center and the extreme right position of the reversible element

FIG. 7 - kinematic diagram of motor modules connection

FIG. 8 - hydraulic circuit of the engine lubrication system

FIG. 9 - hydraulic circuit of the engine cooling system

The adaptive multi-fuel internal combustion engine comprises a body 1, cylinders 2 with lids 3, pistons 4 arranged in cylinders 2 and connecting rods 5 consisting of two pivotally connected parts, one of which is connected to the piston 4 and the other to the crank 6 Of the crankshaft. There are levers 7, each of which is connected to the hinge of the connecting rod 5, and drive mechanisms for varying the degree of compression and working volume associated with the swing axes of the levers 7 with the possibility of moving their swing axes. At the same time, the engine is made of at least two modules and is equipped with a main microprocessor 9 whose inputs are connected to the controller 10 of the control (for example, the accelerator pedal) and the engine speed sensor, and the outputs to the module on / off mechanisms. Each module is equipped with an auxiliary microprocessor 11 whose inputs are connected to the outputs of the main microprocessor 9, detonation sensors 12, the top dead center (TDC) and bottom dead center (TDC) detectors 13, 14 and the outputs to the degree variation actuator 8 Compression and working volume, having a reversible member 15, and with fuel-dosing devices, for example, with the electric drive of the injector pump 16 of the fuel supply system. The reversible members 15 are connected to the swing axes of the arms 7 and are reciprocable in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of the cylinders 2. The TDC sensors 13 can simultaneously be used as speed sensors. In addition, the engine contains lubrication and cooling systems.

Each module contains two cylinders 2 and two cranks 6 with autonomous working parts of fuel supply, lubrication and cooling systems. The mechanisms for switching modules on and off are made in the form of hydraulic couplings 17 with electric control actuators 18 that are connected to the outputs of the main microprocessor 9. In addition, each module is provided with an individual oil casing box 19, and the autonomous parts of the module lubrication system are communicated with one of the other circulation circuits, Self Oil Pumps.

The autonomous portions 21 of the cooling system of the modules are provided with coolant temperature sensors 22 and are combined in a circulating circuit including a radiator 23, a thermostat 24 and a fan 25. The temperature sensors 22 are connected to the input of the main microprocessor 9 and the electric drives of the thermostat 24 and the fan 25 are connected to the outputs The latter.

The adaptive multi-fuel modular internal combustion engine works as follows.

To adapt (adapt) the engine to the consumed fuel, the detonation sensor 12 signals the start of combustion of the fuel in the auxiliary microprocessor 11 of the operating module. The microprocessor 11 measures how many degrees of shaft rotation before TDC has occurred, then calculates the optimum compression ratio for this type of fuel. The microprocessor 11 contains information on reference values ​​of compression ratios for main types of fuel - diesel, kerosene, major grades of gasoline and their mixtures. The microprocessor 11, comparing the ignition advance angle of the fuel used with the reference fuel, determines the amount of compression required. Further, the microprocessor 11 determines the difference between the positions of the TDC 1 and TDC 2 (i.e., the difference between the actual and optimal positions of the piston at TDC), the optimum cyclic feed for this fuel, and the corresponding fuel injection advance angle. Having determined the difference between the positions of TDC 1 and TDC 2 , the microprocessor 11, during the compression stroke in the cylinder 2, signals the drive mechanism 8 to move the reversing member 15 from the extreme left position (point a) to the extreme right position (point c), providing an optimum compression ratio for Of this type of fuel (FIG. 4.5). Change of position ВМТ 1 of the piston 4 on ВМТ 2 occurs as follows. When the reversing member 15 is at point a (FIG. 4), the axial line of the articulated connecting rod 5 coincides with the longitudinal axis of the cylinder 2, and the crank-and-rod mechanism of the module works in the same way as the conventional trunk crank mechanism. In this case, the lever 7 oscillates about its swing axis, and the stroke of the piston 4 and its positions TDC and BHM remain unchanged. When translating the reversible element 15, and therefore the swing axis of the lever 7 to the point c by the signal of the microprocessor 11, the lever 7 will move the connecting rod 5 to the right of the longitudinal axis of the cylinder 2, so that the position of the TDC of the piston 4 is displaced from the TDC 1 to the TDC 2 5). Moreover, the drive mechanism 8, upon the command of the microprocessor 11 at other strokes of the engine operation (exhaust and inlet), can restore the previous position of the TDC of the piston 4.

Adaptation (adaptation) of the described engine to the load changing during its operation is as follows. With increasing load on the engine, move the engine control, for example, the accelerator pedal. In this case, the signal from the controller 10 is sent to the main microprocessor 9, and then to the auxiliary microprocessor 11 of the operating module, which determines the optimum value of the increase in the cyclic fuel supply. Thus, the engine speed is increased to the maximum. If the output power of the engine is not sufficient to overcome the increasing load, a further increase in power will be achieved by increasing the cylinder capacity (module capacity). The auxiliary microprocessor 11, selecting the power by increasing the number of rotations of the shaft from the increase in the cyclic fuel supply, for example, the pump nozzle 16, provides a signal to the drive mechanism 8, which moves the reversible member 15 from the point a to the point C (Fig. 3.6). In this case, the lever 7 will shift the position of the HMT of the piston 4 to the position of the HMT 2 , thereby increasing the working volume of the module and the output power of the engine, and vice versa, when the reversing member 15 moves from point c to point a, the HMT position shifts to HMT 1 position . To improve the cleaning of the cylinders of the module from the combustion products at the exhaust stroke, the reversible element 15 returns to point a, displacing the TDC position of the piston 4 to the position of TDC 1 . With further load growth, the main microprocessor 9 activates the second module by applying a signal to the electric drive 18 of the hydraulic coupling 17, and if necessary, the next module. At the same time, the main microprocessor 9 can contain information on the order of switching modules into operation to ensure smooth operation of the engine. To increase the reliability of the modules' inclusion in operation, the main microprocessor 9 is responsible for managing the autonomous sections of the cooling system, which ensure the heating of the idle modules due to the waste heat of the operating module. The radiator 23 is switched on only when all the modules are operating at full power. In this case, by the signal from the coolant temperature sensors 22, the thermostat 24 turns on the radiator 23. The non-working modules are warmed up and can be carried out by pumping the oil 20 from the running module into the non-working ones.

Thus, the engine is adapted to any type of fuel used and to varying loads.

CLAIM

  1. An adaptive multi-fuel internal combustion engine comprising a body, cylinders with lids, pistons disposed in cylinders, a crankshaft, connecting rods consisting of two pivotally connected parts, one of which is connected to a piston and the other to a crank of a crankshaft, levers, Each of which is connected to the hinge of the connecting rod, drive mechanisms for varying the compression ratio and the working volume in each cylinder associated with the swing axes of the levers with the possibility of moving their swing axes, the fuel supply system, lubrication and cooling of the engine and the engine control unit, characterized in that the engine is made At least two modules and is equipped with a main microprocessor whose inputs are connected to the controller of the control unit and the engine speed sensor, and the outputs to the module on / off mechanisms, each module is equipped with an auxiliary microprocessor whose inputs are connected to the outputs of the main microprocessor, detonation Sensors, sensors for determining the top and bottom dead points of the pistons, and the outputs - with a drive mechanism for changing the compression ratio and working volume, having a reversible element, and fuel-injection devices of the fuel supply system, the reversing elements being connected to the axes of rocking of the levers and are reciprocable Moving.

  2. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that each module comprises two cylinders and two cranks with autonomous working parts of the fuel supply, lubrication and cooling systems, the modules switching-off mechanisms being in the form of hydraulic clutches with electric control actuators that are connected to the outputs of the main microprocessor.

  3. The engine of claim 2, wherein each module is provided with an individual oil casing, and the autonomous sections of the lubrication system of the modules are communicated with one of the other circulation circuits including the oil pumps.

  4. The engine as claimed in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the autonomous sections of the cooling system of the modules are provided with coolant temperature sensors and integrated into a circulation circuit including a radiator, a thermostat and a fan, the temperature sensors being connected to the input of the main microprocessor, and the electric drives of the thermostat and The fans are connected to the outputs of the latter.

print version
Date of publication 24.12.2006гг