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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2093704
reciprocating-engine

English

Name of applicant: Chikin German Germanovich
Name of the inventor: Chikin German Germanovich
The name of the patentee: Chikin German Germanovich
Address for correspondence:
Starting date of the patent: 1993.01.14

Use: as a storage means, and a power unit for a new class of vehicles, in particular for vehicles with engine reactor having economic and environmental performance is much higher due to the structural transformation of thermodynamic with separate control of compressor and power of the engine functions. The inventive quality improvement termoprotsessa with a significant reduction of bypass mechanical connections required to enter into a power circuit separate piston machines with the measures of "intake-compression", which allocated a place in the semi-axes motor vehicle similarly placed on the semi-axes of the master axis power devices rotor type with the measures of "burn-release 'provided with cylinder output from the combustion chamber - reactor. Dual working piston machines while the operation of large and small volumes provides here a great performance in the mode of compressors and high traction quality mode on the position of air motors with pre-accumulated braking car / driving downhill / or driven by a driven wheel pnevmopotentsiale - switch mentioned modes implemented simple turn of a lever or push start button.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a multistage compressor is a small-sized compact apparatus which is able to operate in the pump mode and in the pneumatic mode. The construction is designed to perform as a part of the wheel of power nodes preparatory cycles "intake-compression" termoprotsessa, characterized by an external (full) fuel combustion, where quality issues are reduced to the main reduction of losses by controlling the compressor and the power functions of the divided engine. The piston machine is designed to meet the requirements of time, cost, materialoresursov and energy, stricter standards on emissions of combustion products, the increased operational needs and economic gains, and is designed for a new generation of vehicles, in particular for a car with a reactor engine, which can be combined with semi and through the pavement with a half-axial rotary power units, which feature a separate application.

Existing designs of injection devices are not intended to perform this function and thermodynamics, as a rule, they have to work their target crank scheme

Analogs of the piston machine is a piston machine, comprising a housing with a cylinder, a piston mounted in a cylinder to form two working chambers, packed end caps, a drive shaft mounted in the bearing assemblies and kinematically coupled to the piston [1]

A disadvantage of the known design is increased loss in the sealing joints and low compression.

In contrast to the known circuit claimed sided piston machine comprising a cylindrical piston with a cavity in the form of a small cylinder for a secondary compression plunger mechanism overflow volume. An object of the invention is to improve the quality of the seal cylinder-piston and plunger group gapless rings compressor and increase the pressure pnevmozaryada.

FIG. 1-6 shows the proposed piston machine.

FIG. 1 shows a piston machine laterally multidimensional cylinder section and a cylinder section and a piston section on the inner plane of the channel showing the valve mechanism in the operation of the compressor (indicated by arrows), and the shift lever according to this mode is indicated in phantom, i.e. the designation of the same lever by a solid line corresponds to the air motor operation.

FIG. 2 shows the same sectional view showing placement of a cylinder with a crank shaft and the cam relative to the piston, emerging from the MT, and wherein the position of valve plunger mechanisms.

FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of a multi-faceted top mode piston machine, in particular a valve and dispensing mechanisms, such as an air motor (indicated by arrows). For opening the valve mechanism unit right in the drawing of the cylinder boss cap outlined by dotted lines.

FIG. 4 shows a piston machine connected to the reception of the car body.

FIG. 5 shows the placement of machines at the half-line with connecting pipes.

The piston machine comprises a horizontal cylinder 1 external tetrahedral. In the corner areas of which are made holes for the tightening bolts and two simultaneous thickening in the middle of the edge, combined with co protrusion 3 with a thickening formed with a through window in the cylinder 1 and 3 share protrusion communicating with center bore with it. In addition, the cylinder 1 is in the upper part with transversal slits 4. Inside the cylinder 1 is pressed ceramic sleeve 5, made with outer flanges to reduce heat loss and aligned with said slits 4 for similar atmospheric intake and exhaust of compressed air. Slots 4 are spaced bilateral stroke of the piston 6 about its end wall itself is a piston 6 adapted rocker groove 7 and tapered, according to the inclined knee crank recess 8 by the side edges and over the groove comprises common channel with a pressed inwardly split tubular a cylinder 9 formed with a transverse slit in the middle, in which the pressed web 10 which divides the volume into two parts. At the ends of the bridge 10 in the wall of the tubular cylinder 9 provided with holes 11 communicated with the placed at its sides small blind channels 12 double diameter directed larger diameters is opposite to the end wall to the outlet of the piston 6 via a threaded socket connected threadedly with the cup-shaped valve seats self-acting valve 13, recessed in the end wall 6 of the piston flush with the valve head 14 made of diamond-shaped rods 15 and placed in small diameters of said channels, wherein between their inner end walls and heads zapasovany coil springs 16. Outside of the piston in annular grooves 6 arranged gapless compression and malosemnye ring 17 pressed directly to each other. Since the cover cylinder 18 has the same structure 1, the separately formed with each placed at the middle inclined outer-filling nozzle 19 purification chambers facing in the working chamber of the cylinder 1 the valve seat 20, the controllable valve. Around nozzle 19 includes: a boss 21 with a center hole for hinge installation plunger 24 of secondary air compression and coaxial equity protrusion 3 of the cylinder 1, the boss 22 with a threaded hole for a valve fitting, a and angular openings for the clamping bolts 23, the plunger 24 is formed with an external rim 25 and the through channel 26 and pivot mounted in the bore 18 between the cap 25 and the outer rim of washer 27 pressed against the disc-shaped spring beam 28. this plunger end 24 is threaded for a nut 29 and a hose connection and, on the inner end of the larger diameter threaded hole, which threadably connected to the valve tip 30 formed with an external groove at the small compression ring 31 and the inner cavity to move outlet ball valve closing the inlet. Plungers 24 mounted coaxially in the lid 18 at an intermediate distance equal to the stroke of the piston 6, and housed in a tubular barrel 9 so as to form between them a jumper 10 volumes communicating with blind channels by their large diameters. The shaft 32 at the knee bend 33 carries an eccentric distributor 34, and this part is installed in the through window thickening cylinder 2 with the bearing 6 on the input crank neck hole 35 of the movable piston 7, in the groove 6 of the annular sliding member 36. With respect to the knee 34 of the eccentric shaft 32 mounted at an angle of 120 ^o with the possibility of contact with the plunger discharge valves 37 placed in the joint projection 3 cylinder 1, with the possibility of interaction between the contact end portions of the valves 37 with apertures 38 pnevmopitaniya nozzles during operation of the machine on the pneumatic piston position. Controlled atmospheric intake valve and exhaust of compressed air exhaust nozzles arranged in the covers 18, wherein each valve plate 39 is pivotally connected to the end skoboobraznoy thrust plate 40 which is installed in the other end wall of the nozzle gap on the axis 41. At 42 is installed adjacent the rotary axis 43 and rod external control lever 44. between the ball bearings placed on the counter-mentioned rods 40 are installed the return springs 45. The transverse slot 4 of the cylinder 1 (FIG. 1, 2) are closed sound-absorbing chamber 46, which communicates with the muffler through the hose 47 and the lower part of the cylinder 1 through line 48 communicates with maslootsasyvayuschim device (maslootsasyvayuschego placement device in this case is provided in the housing at the end of the half-line and between the rotary impeller hub). As part of the overall vehicle axle reactor engine piston machine has a gas tank and pivotally connected end axial projections with capsule counter 49 having a cross-rib 50 and secured to the underbody, with nozzles cylinder 1 (FIG. 5) are connected by flexible pipes 51 brushless hub distribution phase shift (valve unit features a separate application). Hinged mounting plungers 24 to allow them to self-aligning coaxial during operation in the middle of the tubular cylinder 9 of the piston 6 through the gaps 52 in the holes 18 covers.

The position of the compressor piston machine operates as follows. Since this pnevmodavlenie mode supplied to nipples 38 share the projection 3 of the cylinder 1 is automatically blocked valve (in the drawings the valve is not shown) and the valves 37 are in the extended cam 34 state, the sealing cylinder 1 contact input ends and openings of fittings (mounting end links valves are inserted in the holes protrusions from the ends of the cylinder 1, and the links with the head through a window thickening 2), during rotation of the shaft 32 in the working cylinder chamber one on each side resulting sparseness is absorbed air (Fig. 1) to the spin valve trays 39 from the saddles 20, as shown on the right side of the drawing (FIG. 1). SPIN, each valve plate 39 turns on the axis of the rod 41 skoboobraznuyu 40 which compresses the spring 45 between the ball bearings of the traction and turning 43 (indicated in phantom). The approach to the MT piston 6 transverse slit opening 4 of the cylinder 1, resulting in a further working chamber of the air sucked sound-absorbing boxes 46 connected to the atmosphere via the muffler. With the passage of air through the gap and filling the chamber sparseness it plummets enabling closing of the valve plate 39 of the inlet pipe 19, the return force of the spring 45.

Simultaneously, air in said suction cylinder on the right side of Figure 1. 1, the filling of the right chamber of the secondary compression of the tubular cylinder 9 of the piston 6 compressible other hand air, wherein compressed air flows through the squeezed inward pressure force rhomboid valve head 14, the cup seat 13 and further through the large diameter of the small (blind) channel 12 and communicating with it a side opening 11 in the wall of the tubular cylinder 9 fits between the ridge 10 and the plunger 24 and on the other side of the web 10, the air under high pressure stroke of the plunger 24 is displaced through mechanical valve opening its tip 30 into the internal cavity and the channel 26 connecting the plunger 24 with a hose filling the balloon. When the reciprocating motion of the piston 6, creating unavoidable axial deviation persistence alignment plungers 24 with the tubular cylinder 9 of the piston 6 is supported by radial their displacement in the gaps 52 number of holes and leaks at such radially slidably achieved constant clamp endwalls ledges 25 and washers 27 on both sides of the openings of the radial forces of the springs 28. The described method there is a further air compression process on the right of FIG. 1 side of the cylinder 1. In the initial moment of movement of the MT 6 transverse slots 4 will be covered with them, and when installed in the seat 20 of the valve plate 39 at the end of compression (6 stroke before touching the lid 18), compressed air under high pressure through the squeezed into the diamond-shaped head 14 the valve moves to the left compressing the secondary chamber of the tubular cylinder 9 between the ridge 10 and the plunger 24. with this movement of the piston 6, resulting sparseness occurs suction of air from the opposite side of it from the above work and discharge valve mechanisms. Double-sided double-compression piston air work machines equipped with ceramic sleeve 5 and the end walls to them, will be different in the position of the compressor performance and extremely low heat loss.

The situation of the air motor piston machine operates as follows. Translation of this mode is a lever, the valve passage pnevmopitaniya from the cylinder rotates simultaneously to connecting pipes 38 and control lever 44 position of the valve plates 39, each of which presses permutation swivel rods 43 with the opposite pressure spring 45 (FIG. 3), the valve plate 39 into the working chamber 1 cylinder, telling the camera through the pipe and the pipe 51 with a silencer. Incoming compressed air squeeze valves 37 to the exciter 34, which because of the directional eccentricity (Fig. 2) and end in FIG. 3 on the right side of the cylinder 1, the working stroke of the piston 6, accompanied by the release of compressed exhaust air through the transverse slots 4, ram intake valve 37 will be closed feed pnevmodavleniya and on the opposite side of the piston 6 will penetrate pnevmodavleniya through openable movable to the shaft 32 valve 37 inlet side opening emerging into a gap between the piston 6 and the cylinder cover 18 with 1 volume of the left side in the drawing, a clamping torque valve disk 39 against the seat 20 and force the piston 6 to the right in FIG. 3 side. This movement coincides with the end wall of the piston 6 on the left side of the cylinder 1 with transverse slots 4 will release therethrough exhaust compressed air in the sound reduction chamber 46 and due to the sharp pressure drop spin valve disk 39 from the seat 20 inside the processing chamber. At the time of installation of the piston 6 in MT valve 37 with a variable offset portion 34 overlaps with that side pnevmodavleniya supply and vice versa, free from reference eccentricity opposite the valve 37 to the right side of the cylinder 1 (the part is completely cleaned of the working chamber) enters under pressure pnevmodavleniya at position the inlet opening 1 into the cylinder side opening pnevmodavleniya penetration into the gap between the piston 6 and the cylinder cover 18 and one point of the power clamp valve disk 39 against the seat 20. in this mode of operation the position of the piston machine of the secondary pneumatic compression chamber of the tubular cylinder 1, the piston 6 does not operate because the estimated force of the springs 16, which prevents the spin cycle (opening) 14. The diamond-shaped valve heads coming from axle housing into the cylinder 1 through his side window 2 oil thickening carries lubricant "splash" cylinder-piston and valve train with suction bottom sediment through conduit 48 into the cavity of the housing for the impeller.

For the fundamental design of disclosure (readability) transverse slot 4 of the cylinder 1 of FIG. 1 and 2 show sections of a wall, but in fact, due to the lateral groove on the piston 7, slits are shifted radially away from the free surface of the continuous groove of the piston 6, as is shown by the location soundabsorbing chamber 46 in FIG. 4, to avoid their posts maslootsasyvayuschim pipe 48.

Piston machines are designed to work combined with three capacities: small brake chamber, the working and standby cylinders belonging to the car's engine equipment with the reactor, issued in the total integrated technical solution, part of the body.

CLAIM

1. Piston machine comprising a housing with a cylinder, a piston mounted in a cylinder to form two working chambers, packed end caps, a drive shaft mounted in the bearing assemblies and kinematically coupled with the piston, characterized in that it is provided with a tubular cylinder secondary compression set piston and split bridge into two parts, two rams, fixed coaxially on the lid and set the free ends of the cylinder of the secondary compression to form a bridge of the secondary compression chambers, control valves installed in the covers to communicate the working chambers with the atmosphere, automatic inlet valves installed in channels piston carried by its ends to communicate the working chambers with opposite chambers secondary compression, delivery valves connected to the chamber of the secondary compression of the high-pressure nozzles and discharge valves, connected on one side to the working chambers, and on the other to the pressure conduit , the drive shaft is formed with a crank and is provided with an eccentric, on the surface of the piston is made rocker slot which accommodates a crank shaft, wherein in the walls of the cylinder provided with radial slots arranged to communicate the working chambers with the atmosphere, and the cam is mounted between the locking bodies of the inlet valve for engagement.

2. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the rocker is formed with a groove inclined walls whose slope corresponds to the slope of the crank.

3. Machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the discharge valves are fitted in the axial channels formed in the plunger tip and include recesses for small compression rings with an end flange and a ball closure member mounted in the nozzle channel.

4. Machine according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the self-acting valves are in the form placed in fixed piston rods of stepped channels with fixed to them spring-loaded locking bodies Lozenge saddles and a cup.

5. Machine according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the secondary compression in the cylinder wall and a slot formed central radial channels for communicating the compression chamber with the secondary channel stepped piston, with the jumper in the central groove and radial channels formed on either side of the web.

6. Machine according to claim. 1 to 5 characterized in that the cover is provided with inclined nozzles linking operated valves to the atmosphere, wherein the valve plug of the control valve is designed as a plate, and its control mechanism in the form skoboobraznoy rods with ball stop having one end pivotally connected to the plate, and the other by a fixed axis connected to the lid and to the lever, moreover, provided with a ball stop a spiral spring mounted between the balls.

7. Machine according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the plungers are fixed to the covers by means of radial sealing washers and springs.

8. Machine according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the knee crank performed at 120 ^o to the exciter.

9. Machine according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the housing and cover are made tetrahedral and cap bolts are tightened.

10. Machine according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it is provided with a silencer connected to the radial slots of the cylinder.

print version
Publication date 26.12.2006gg

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