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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2119434
METHOD OF PETROSOV FOR ENERGY RECOVERY OF VEHICLES
Applicant's name: Petrosov Vladimir Vartanovich
The name of the inventor: Petrosov Vladimir Vartanovich
The name of the patent holder: Petrosov Vladimir Vartanovich
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 1993.03.24
The method is designed to recuperate the energy from the car. Accumulation of the energy of the car before it is stopped is carried out in a mechanical energy storage device located between the engine and the running gear of the car, to use this energy in the next vehicle movement. A mechanical storage device in the form of a flat spring is placed coaxially and around the axis of the shaft connecting the engine to the vehicle running gear. This leads to fuel savings and improved environmental conditions.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the automotive industry and is intended to improve the level of performance of cars (A.), mainly passenger cars and buses, by recuperating the energy of stopping A. and using it to improve the environment and reduce fuel consumption in the further exploitation of A., especially in urban conditions , Where frequent stops of A. are inevitable. The method can be applied to the creation of sports A.
Various methods of recuperating the energy of moving A are known with the conversion of the mechanical energy of the drive A. into electric or mechanical [1], and methods for recovering the energy of oscillation of the elements of A. with its transformation into hydraulic energy [2]. However, the recovered energy in these cases is not used for the initial motion of an engine equipped with an internal combustion engine.
In the technical literature there is practically no description of the actually applicable recuperation methods for A. [eg, see 3].
The method of energy recovery in A. is also known with the help of flywheel motors [4].
For the prototype adopted a known method of "stop-start", developed by the company "Volkswagen" [5, 6], which allows in the city cycle of motion A. ensure complete engine shutdown on toxic non-traction regimes, idle and in braking. According to this method, an additional starting clutch, a flywheel mounted on separate bearings and a conventional clutch are successively located between the engine and the gearbox, which ensures that when the engine is switched from traction modes to a non-taut automatic disengagement of both clutches, the ignition of the engine. As a result, the flywheel rotates at its original speed, with a certain amount of kinetic energy. If necessary, the starting clutch is engaged and the engine is started from the rotating flywheel. The value of the recovered energy by the flywheel is determined from the ratio [7, p. 490] 
Where
J = 3/5 mR 2 - moment of inertia of the flywheel in the form of a circular cylinder;
M - flywheel mass;
R - flywheel radius; 
= 
N / 30 is the angular velocity;
N is the speed of the flywheel.
The disadvantages of the known method include the following.
1. Only the fraction of the energy of the stopped A. is recovered, namely only the energy of the flywheel's inertia, which is only a fraction of the inertial energy of the stopping A.
2. The ecological situation in the stopping zone A. varies insignificantly. This is justified by the fact that the engine does not run on a small gas when there is a significant CO content in the exhaust gas [6], but only after stopping A. At the same time, when A. is stuck, from the place to overcome its inertia, the driver needs to speed up the work Engine, when in the exhaust gases there is an increased content of CO and other harmful components.
3. The method does not provide for the securing of A. without first starting the engine.
4. The method does not provide acceleration of A. when it moves due to the use of recovered energy.
It is an object of the present invention to provide such an energy recuperation method A. that provides an increase in the efficiency of the recuperator by increasing the stored energy by more than an order of magnitude compared with the prototype, improving the environment in the frequent stop zone A., increasing fuel economy.
An additional purpose of the method is to expand the possibilities of using the recovered energy by increasing the acceleration and maneuverability of the A, for example, when striking or overtaking.
The goal is achieved by the fact that the energy of the inertial mass of the entire moving A is recovered, which is equal in magnitude to [7] 
Where
M - mass of the car, including passengers;
V is the speed of movement of the aircraft at the moment of connection of the recuperator; 
= V к / V н - coefficient, taking into account the change in the speed of motion of A. in the process of recuperation;
V k - speed A. at the end of the charging of the recuperator.
In this case, the energy recovery is performed by forcing the elastic element, for example, a coiled flat spring equipped with a ratchet device and mounted around the axis of one of the rotating shafts in the area between the gearbox and the driving axle A. (e.g., around the propeller shaft, the drive gear of the rear axle or Output shaft of the gearbox) for charging and discharging the recuperator into the transmission, two additional clutches are installed before and after the recuperator, one of which provides a direct connection of the rotating shaft to the spring and the second through the gear connection having the parasitic gear.
An additional goal is achieved by the fact that the recuperator is connected to the transmission A. through the clutch mechanism for discharging the recuperator, made in the form of spring-loaded end splines that slip them in relation to the wound recuperator, and after connecting the latter to the vehicle's transmission, its energy accelerates the speed of the driving wheels of the car.
Example. Comparison of the technical characteristics of two identical ZAZ-1102 vehicles equipped with mechanical recuperators, providing the recuperation of the car's energy, the first - according to the known method, the second - according to the proposed.
The initial data were the following, taking into account the one given in [6]
Mass flywheel m = 3.5 kg,
The flywheel radius R = 65 · 10 -3 m,
Flywheel speed n = 3000 rpm,
Car mass with passengers M 
1000 kg,
The speed of the car before stopping v = 40 km / h = 11 m / s,
The final speed when charging the recuperator, which can be extinguished by the braking system A., v k = 1 m / s,
coefficient = V к / V н = 0,1.
The data for the recovered energy calculations are given in the table. From the data given, it can be seen that according to the proposed method, the energy for this particular case of a small car is stored more than in the original way more than 20 times. This figure is even more significant when considering the recuperation of energy from a bus, for example the brand LiAz-677, which has a mass with passengers more than 12 tons.
Accumulated energy in the first case was used only to start the engine. In the second case (proposed) of the energy it was enough that, with the engine not running, A. started its movement, reaching a speed V cp , and at the same time, at the distance from the stop of 10-20 m, the engine was started on the run. In turn, reduced the consumption of gasoline in comparison with the prototype by another 5-10%.
Launching the engine at a distance from the bus stop (for city buses), and while driving A., when there was no need to "gas" directly at the parking lot, significantly improved the environmental situation in the zone of route stops of passenger vehicles, and in the area of urban intersections.
The test of the proposed method of energy recovery on a sports car showed that some braking on the bends due to the connection of the recuperator and the return of energy to the last in straight sections gave tangible results in increasing the speed and eventually - in the test time.
Using the recuperator A. before parking provides an increase in the acceleration of the engine, and also facilitates the start of the engine in the cold season.
Using the proposed method of energy recovery for cars provides the following advantages over the existing method: urban ecology improves; Increases fuel economy; Conditions for the conservation of recovered energy are improved; It is possible to connect the recovered energy to accelerate the vehicle; It is possible to use the recovered energy to improve the technical characteristics of A., namely, its acceleration, which ultimately raises the overall technical level of cars.
INFORMATION SOURCES
Application of Germany N 3825179, cl. F 03 G 7/08, RI ISM, cl. F 03, No. 12, 1990.
Author's certificate of the USSR N 1590631, cl. F 03 G 7/08.
Gurevich A.M. Construction of tractors and cars. - Moscow: Agropromizdat, 1989, 368 p.
Gulia N.V. We offer a flywheel. IR N 8 - 1989, p. 19.
Zhegalin OI, Lukachev PD Reduction of toxicity of automobile engines. - Moscow: Transport, 1985, p. 63-64.
Gulia N.V. And others. Starting the engine from the position of "Buridanova ass". IR, No. 6, 1989, p. 12-13.
Voronkov I.M. Course of theoretical mechanics. - Moscow: Nauka, 1966, 596.
Karpov S. and others. Operation "Clean Air": new results. - Road Transport, 1991, N 2, p. 32-33.
CLAIM
A method for recovering energy from a vehicle, comprising storing the energy of the vehicle before it is stopped in a mechanical energy storage device located between the engine and the vehicle running gear, for using this energy in the subsequent vehicle movement, characterized in that the energy of the car is stored in a spring element, for example, in a twisted Flat spring, forced (twisted) around the axis of the shaft, connecting the engine with the chassis of the car.
print version
Date of publication 27.12.2006gg
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