The human digestive system. Function, value

The digestive system , systema digestorium., Is a long canal (8-10 m), starting with a mouth slit, rima oris, and ending in the anus, anus. The entire length of the digestive canal has an irregular diameter; Tapering and expanding, it forms numerous bends. The digestive system is composed of organs that provide mechanical and chemical-enzymatic processing of food, the subsequent absorption of split nutrients into blood and lymph vessels and the removal of undigested food portions outwards.

The wall of the digestive canal consists of four membranes: the mucous membrane, the submucosa, the muscular membrane and the outside of the serous or connective tissue membrane (adventitia).

Depending on the functional purpose, the wall of each of the digestive canal ( pharynx , esophagus, stomach , small intestine, large intestine) has its anatomical features - mainly the number and structure of the glandular mucosa, the thickness of the submucosa, the direction and concentration of muscle beams, the development Connective tissue or serosa. In detail, the structure of the wall of each department is considered when describing individual organs.

The first part of the digestive system is the cavity of the mouth , cavitas oris, opening on the face with a mouth opening - a mouth slit, rima oris. Behind the oral cavity follow: isthmus isthmus, isthmus faucium, pharynx , pharynx , esophagus, esophagus, stomach , ventriculus (gaster), small intestine, intestinum tenue, and colon , intestinum crassum, terminating in the anus, anus. The digestive system also includes salivary glands, glandulae salivariae, liver , hepar, and pancreas, pancreas.

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