Swine flu | Swine flu (A / H1N1, A / H1N2, A / H3N1, A / H3N2 and A / H2N3)

Experts, especially during the period of increasing morbidity, note the following methods of prevention:
- Full nutrition with the inclusion of vitamins in their natural form;
- Hardening and frequent ventilation of premises;
- The use of restorative and toning-immunomodulating drugs and preparations of targeted immunostimulating action.

Highly effective are recommendations of general sanitary and hygienic direction, in particular: - Frequently wash hands with soap, especially after a visit;
- Cover your nose and mouth with a handkerchief (or disposable napkins), especially when you cough and sneeze;
- Widely use the means of alternative medicine (folk), homeopathic preparations, oxolin ointment.

What you need to pay attention to:
- There are some features of the clinical course of influenza in different age groups. In young children, symptoms of neurotoxicosis (vomiting, convulsions), even in the presence of subfebrile body temperature, may appear first of all. In elderly people against the background of acute respiratory infections, cardiovascular diseases worsen, chronic foci of infection are activated, which significantly influences the clinical manifestations of influenza.
- Disease mainly begins acutely, from manifestations of general intoxication (chills, a feeling of heat, severe headache, pain in the eyes). The patient is disturbed by general weakness, aches in the back, sacrum, joints, muscle pains, sleep is disturbed. Attention is drawn to the face of the patient: hyperemia, puffiness, shining eyes - it all looks like the face of a tear-stained child. The incubation period for influenza varies from several hours to 3 days.
- Basically, on the second day of the disease, a dry cough appears, and begins to disturb the pain in the chest. On 3-5 days cough becomes softer, there is an insignificant quantity of slimy sputum. Nasal breathing is disrupted through the mucosal edema.
- Already in the first hours the body temperature can reach 39-40 ° C, keep at this level for 2-3 days. However, if further fever continues or develops its second wave (the whole lasts longer than 5-7 days), this indicates the development of bacterial complications.
- Treatment of ARVI and influenza is a complex problem, so it should be determined by a doctor. It's not necessary to self-medicate, it's dangerous! With timely and correct treatment, the illness ends with complete recovery.

Memo for influenza A / H1N1

Clinical signs of influenza type A / H1N1 :
headache,
muscle pain,
a sore throat,
Increased body temperature,
cough,
Runny nose, nasal congestion,
In some cases - vomiting and diarrhea.

How can you get an A / H1N1 influenza virus?
From another sick person airborne, airborne (virus particles are transported by air from a sick person to a healthy one during a conversation, coughing, sneezing), with close contact (finding at a distance of about 2 meters)

How long is an infectious influenza A / H1N1?
The infectious period (the period when the patient is dangerous to others) with influenza type A / H1N1 may be within 7 days of the onset of the disease, but if the clinical symptoms of the disease persist - then until they disappear

How to prevent infection with influenza A / H1N1?

- avoid contact with people who have manifestations of influenza infection;

- limit visits to places of large concentrations of people;

- often ventilate the premises;

- wash hands frequently with soap and water;

- Try not to touch the eyes, nose or mouth with unwashed hands;

- avoid hugs, kisses and handshakes;

- Cover your nose and mouth with a sneeze or cough with a disposable nasal towel, which should be discarded immediately after use;

- if a person has flu symptoms, then it is necessary to stay away from it at a distance of at least two meters

How to prevent the spread of influenza in children's institutions?

- during the epidemic rise in the incidence of influenza, new children are not admitted to pre-school institutions;

- the transfer of children from the group to the group is excluded;

- to stop visiting of a children's institution by unauthorized persons;

- in the preschool institutions, a daily inspection of children is of great importance when they arrive at it in the morning, and at the slightest signs of the disease children are not accepted into the collective;

- the room in which the children are located should be well ventilated, they must be ventilated several times a day;

- Wet cleaning of premises is necessary not less than two times a day;

- it is necessary for children to observe the rules of personal hygiene (frequent washing of hands during the day);

- for the time of the epidemic (pandemic) the staff of the institution should wear gauze clothes;

- staff of the institution should be vaccinated against seasonal or influenza A H1N1 (if vaccine is available);

- Persons who have been in contact with a child who has confirmed the diagnosis of influenza A H1N1, it is necessary to conduct a course of chemoprevention of oseltamivir

- for the time of the epidemic (pandemic), children's institutions are closed.

What should parents know to prevent infecting children with the flu?

- teach children to wash their hands often with soap for 20 seconds;

- Parents should also perform this procedure, which serves as a good example for children;

- teach children to cough and sneeze into a napkin or hand;

- Parents should also perform this procedure, which serves as a good example for children;

- to teach children not to approach the patients closer than one and a half to two meters;

- sick children should stay at home (do not attend pre-school and school);

- Refrain children and parents from visiting places of congestion.

What should I do if a child gets sick with the flu?

- at the first signs of the disease the child must be put in bed and call a doctor;

- leave the sick child at home, except when she needs urgent medical help. Do not send the child to school or to a preschool;

- patients with influenza are dangerous to others and should be immediately isolated. Inadmissible their appearance in public transport, children's collectives and other places of mass stay of people.

- the patient should be placed in a separate room or fenced with a screen, allocate him individual dishes, towels, personal hygiene items;

- do not allow patient contact with healthy family members, except those who care for him;

- The person who cares for the patient should wear a two-layer gauze dressing or a one-time mask, which must be changed every 4 hours. After each contact with the patient, you should thoroughly wash your hands with soap;

- the mask should be either disposable, which after the change is thrown into the basket, or multiple, which after washing should be thoroughly ironed with a hot iron;

- to carry out ventilation of the premises several times a day;

- daily do wet cleaning of the premises of the house;

- air in the premises should be of sufficient humidity;

- to have disposable nasal tissues and a basket for used napkins within the reach of the patient;

- create a comfortable baby for the sick child. Very important is rest, bed rest;

- If the child has a fever, then it must give antipyretics (paracetamol or ibuprofen drugs), then call a doctor;

- Before the doctor comes to give the child to drink a lot of liquid (juice, water, fruit juice, compote, etc.);

- Do not self-medicate. Corresponding medical treatment to the patient is prescribed only by a doctor!

What signs of the disease should a child immediately seek medical help?

- Accelerated or shortness of breath

- Cyanosis around the mouth, other skin

- Appearance of hemorrhages (even very small ones), nosebleeds

- High body temperature

- Refusal of the child from drinking

- Impossibility to awaken a child or lack of her reaction to treatment

- Excessive excitation of the child or appearance of seizures

- Occurrence of vomiting, frequent loose stools

- Child's complaints of severe headache.

- Absence of urination or tears during crying.

Memo to prevent the spread of influenza type A H1 N1 in closed children's institutions

- during the epidemic rise in the incidence of influenza, new children are not accepted for children's institutions;

- the transfer of children from the group to the group (from class to class;

- access to a children's institution of unauthorized persons is terminated

II. Sanitary and hygienic requirements for premises during the rise in the incidence of influenza:

- the premises in which the children are located must be well ventilated,

They must be ventilated several times throughout the day;

- air in the premises should be of sufficient humidity;

- it is necessary to clean the rooms at least twice a day;

- door handles, faucets in washstands, toilet surfaces should be treated several times a day with disinfectant solutions.

III. How to prevent infection with influenza A H1 N1?

- all staff of the institution should wash their hands often with soap;

- for the time of the epidemic (pandemic), the staff of the institution should wear gauze bandages;

- Outside the children's facility, staff should avoid being in crowded places, contacting people with flu;

- older children should be taught how often to wash their hands with soap;

- older children need to be taught to cough and sneeze into a napkin or arm. After that, you must throw the napkin into the basket and wash your hands with soap.

V. Personnel actions when finding a sick child:

- at the first signs of the disease the child must be isolated, then immediately hospitalized;

- before the child is hospitalized, do not allow contact with her other children, personnel other than those who take care of;

- a person who cares for a sick child should wear a respirator, or a two-layer gauze dressing or a one-time mask. Masks need to be changed every 4 hours. Mask, respirator should fit tightly to the face. After each contact with the patient, replacing the mask should be thoroughly washed with soap and hands;

- a sick child should have a separate dish, toys, pot

V. Actions of staff in the outbreak after isolation of the patient:

- after hospitalization of the child his dishes, toys, the pot must be washed with the use of detergents, disinfectants;

- After hospitalization of the child, his bedding can not be carried in an armful, after contact with the patient's linen, you should thoroughly wash your hands with soap.

- prevent persons with signs of influenza from working;

- staff of the institution should be vaccinated against seasonal or influenza A H1N1 (if vaccine is available);

- Persons who have been in contact with a child who has confirmed the diagnosis of influenza A H1N1, it is necessary to conduct a course of chemoprophylaxis of oseltamivir