Anemia in Children

Group of diverse pathological states which are based on a decrease in hemoglobin and (or) the red blood cells. Anemia can be acquired and congenital. Depending on the causes of the disease are divided into:
- Posthemorrhagic caused by blood loss;
- Hemolytic due to increased destruction of red blood cells;
- Anemia due to violations of the formation of red blood cells.
There are other classifications - the size of red blood cells (with decreasing size - microcytic, while maintaining the normal size - normocytic, with an increase in size - macrocytic), the degree of saturation of hemoglobin in red blood cells (low saturation - hypochromic normal - normochromic, high - hyperchromic).
Adrift anemia can be acute (developing rapidly proceed with severe clinical symptoms) and chronic (develop gradually, the symptoms can initially be expressed as a minimum).
These frequent blood disorders obslovleny anatomical and physiological characteristics of the child's body (immaturity of the blood, high sensitivity to the effects of adverse environmental factors).
Anemia caused by deficiency of various substances (iron deficiency, folic acid, belkovodefitsitnye) are caused by insufficient intake of nutrients necessary for the formation of hemoglobin. They are common in the first year of life, marked in cases involving violation of intestinal absorption, with frequent infections and preterm. The most common in this group of nutritional anemia (ie, caused by defective or monotonous meals).