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Electrical


electrotherapy method with the use of different pulse currents to changes in the functional state of muscles and nerves. Apply separate pulses, the series consisting of a plurality of pulses and rhythm pulses alternating with a certain frequency. The nature of the reaction caused depends on two factors: firstly, the intensity; shape and duration of electrical pulses and, secondly, the functional state of neuromuscular apparatus. Each of these factors and their relationship is the basis of electro, allowing to choose the optimal parameters for electrical stimulation pulse current.
Electrical supports the contractile ability of muscles, increases blood circulation and metabolic processes in the tissues, prevents the development of atrophy and contractures. Held in the proper rhythm and with appropriate electrical current creates a force flow of nerve impulses originating in the central nervous system, which in turn positively influence the restoration of motor function.
The most widely used electrical stimulation in the treatment of diseases of the nerves and muscles. Such diseases include various paresis and paralysis of skeletal muscles as limp caused by disorders of peripheral nervous system and spinal cord (neuritis, effects of polio and spinal injuries with damage to the spinal cord), and post stroke spasticity, and hysterogenous. Electrical stimulation is indicated for aphonia motivated paresis of the larynx muscles paretic condition of the respiratory muscles and diaphragm. Her primenyayuttakzhe with muscle atrophy, as the primary, which developed as a result of injuries of peripheral nerves and spinal cord, and secondary, resulting from prolonged immobilization of limbs due to fractures and osteoplastic operations. Electrical stimulation has been shown for atonic state of smooth muscles of internal organs (stomach, intestines, bladder, and others.). It is used for atonic bleeding, to prevent posleopertsionnyh phlebothrombosis, prevention of complications after prolonged inactivity, to improve the fitness of athletes.
Electrical stimulation is widely used in cardiology. Single electrical discharge of high voltage (up to 6 kW), the so-called defibrillation, is able to restore the heart stopped and display a patient with myocardial infarction from the state of clinical death. Miniature implantable device (pacemaker), supply to the heart muscle of the patient rhythmic pulses, provides for many years the effective functioning of the heart with the blockade of its pathways.
Contraindications to electrostimulation different. You can not, for example, to produce electrical stimulation of muscles of internal organs with gall and kidney stones, acute purulent processes in the abdominal cavity, the spastic muscle condition. Electrical stimulation of facial muscles is contraindicated in early signs of contraction, increasing the excitability of the muscles. Electrical stimulation of muscles is contraindicated in ankylosis of joints, sprains before they reposition, fractures to their consolidation.
Dosing electrical stimulation procedures carried out individually by the power of the stimulating current. The patient during the procedure must tread intense visible, but not painful muscle contractions. He should not feel discomfort. The absence of muscle contractions or pain caused by improper arrangement of the electrodes, or the inadequacy of the applied current. Duration of treatment is individual and also depends on the severity of the pathological process, the number of affected muscles and methods of treatment.