Whooping cough

An infectious disease with acute respiratory tract lesions, and attacks of spasmodic cough. Pathogen - stick Bordet-Zhang. The source of infection is a sick man, bacillicarriers. Especially dangerous patients at the initial stage (catarrhal period of illness). Transmission of infection is carried by airborne droplets, often ill children of preschool age, especially in autumn and winter.
The incubation period lasts 2-14 days (usually 5-7 days). Catarrhal period manifested malaise, slight cough, runny nose, low grade fever.
Gradually the cough increases, children are razrazhitelnymi, capricious. At the end of 2 weeks of illness begins a period of spasmodic cough. The attack is accompanied by a series of aftershocks cough, followed by a deep whistling breath (reprise), gives way to a series of short spasmodic jerks. The number of these cycles varies from 2 to 15. The attack zakapchivaetsya release viscous glassy phlegm, sometimes at the end of his celebrated vomiting. During the attack the child is excited, neck veins dilated, tongue protrudes from his mouth, tongue frenulum often injured, may occur respiratory arrest followed by asphyxia.
The number of attacks can be from 5 to 50 per day. Period whooping cough lasts 34 pedal action, then the attacks have become rarer and finally disappear, although "normal cough" lasts for 2-3 weeks.
In adults, the disease occurs without attacks whooping cough, bronchitis with manifest long persistent cough.
Body temperature remains normal. The general state of health is satisfactory.
Erased form of pertussis can occur in children who are vaccinated.
Complications: laryngitis with stenosis of the larynx (false croup), bronchitis, brophnolity, pneumonia, pulmonary atelectasis, rarely encephalopathy.
Perhaps only the analysis of clinical and laboratory data. The basic method - abjection. At 1 week diseases positive results can be obtained in 95% of patients, 4 - 50% only. Serological methods are used for retrospective diagnosis.
Patients under the age of 1 year and with complications, severe pertussis are hospitalized. Others can be treated at home. Antibiotics are used at an early age, with severe and complicated forms. It is recommended to use a specific pertussis gammaglobulin, which is introduced vputrimyshechno 3 ml daily for 3 days. During apnea need to clear the airways of mucus through its suction and perform artificial respiration.
Apply antihistamines, oxygen therapy, vitamins, inhalation of aerosols of proteolytic enzymes (himopsip, chymotrypsin), which facilitate the expectoration of viscous mucus. Patients should be outdoors more.
For active immunization against pertussis is used adsorbed pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus vaccine (DKDS). The contact children under the age of 1 year and not grafted administered for the prevention of normal human immunoglobulin (measles) to 3 mL of 2 consecutive days.