Fainting and obmorokopodobnye state

Loss of consciousness is called syncope and translated from Greek means "sudden drop", since most of the loss of consciousness a person falls.
With all the variety of reasons one mechanism of syncope - a short stop blood flow in the body and the creation of this situation, the brain starvation, which is not enough to supply the oxygen coming from the blood, glucose, or both simultaneously.
The most typical simple syncope caused by stuffiness, stale, oxygen-poor air, body tightness transport. It happens when hacking cough (pneumonia, bronchitis, whooping cough) when you can not just take a sip of life-giving air. Everyday in case of fainting due to a lack of glucose: people hurrying to work, no breakfast, and there - manufacturing concern, excitement, with which the brain draws heavily from the blood glucose, and its provision in the body is not present.
Not less common options are "off" consciousness with a sharp fall of the brain blood flow when strongly turning and throws back his head, pinch with the vertebral artery. Syncope can be caused by heart disease, heart rhythm disorder (heart attack, paroxysmal tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, complete atrioventricular block). It is possible that the heart is functioning normally, but sclerotic vessels of the head and passed insufficient amount of blood for normal brain function. There syncope associated with stimulation of the vagus nerve (vagus), which innervate all organs of the abdominal and thoracic cavities. Such fainting usually happen at night after urination or defecation, often directly into the toilet. This is because after urination internal organs shift, which occurs in the outflow of blood and overstimulation vagus this weakens the heart - all this leads to a decrease in blood flow to the brain. Vagus nerve is irritated, and when consuming large quantities of food or liquid (hyperinflate stomach).
On the neck, in the place of the division of the carotid artery to the internal and external, has a nervous formation, called the carotid sinus. Syncope caused by carotid sinus hypersensitivity can occur from wearing tight tie, tighten the scarf, even just a rigid collar. There are also emotiogenic fainting when severe pain, stress, and even at the memory of the former already had once fainted.
Sometimes even a specialist can be difficult to distinguish syncope and seizures. Unlike epileptic seizure syncope develops progressively: clouded consciousness, there is the movement of hot or cold waves from the bottom up, at which time the patient is trying to grab hold of the surrounding objects, sit down. When an epileptic fit consciousness is lost immediately, the patient falls threw himself, then convulsions, often upuskanie urine, biting tongue, noisy breathing, palpitations, saliva foams from him and stands out from the mouth.
First aid. It is necessary to determine whether consciousness is lost for this patient need to call out loudly, a pat on the cheek, look wide or narrow pupils, whether they respond to light. This information will be necessary for the doctor or emergency clinic. Simple fainting does not require treatment, but during it the patient may be vomiting, in the fall, he can break the dentures. Fragments of prostheses, food may enter the trachea, bronchi, and then the person will die from suffocation. Therefore, you need to turn it on its side, remove the prosthesis from the mouth, remove the vomit, nose to bring the fleece with a solution of ammonia.
If consciousness is not restored within 5-7 minutes, and even more so if the patient hit his head, needed urgent hospitalization. At the first ever arisen syncope require examination neurologist and electroencephalography (EEG).