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Description medications: Iodine (Iodum)

Iodine (Iodum).

Obtained from seaweed ash and oil drilling water. Serovatochernye plate with a metallic sheen or aggregates of crystals characteristic odor. Volatile at ordinary temperature; sublimes when heated, forming a pair of purple. Very slightly soluble in water (1: 5000), soluble in 10 parts of 95% alcohol, soluble in aqueous solutions iodides (sodium and potassium). Incompatible with essential oils, ammonia solutions, white sedimentary mercury (forms an explosive mixture).

There are 4 groups of iodine preparations: 1) containing elemental iodine (iodine solution of alcohol, Lugol's solution); 2) inorganic iodides (sodium iodide and potassium); 3) organic substances split off elemental iodine (iodoform, iodinol etc.).; 4) iodine-containing organic compound in which iodine molecules strongly associated (radiopaque substance).

Preparations containing iodine, have different properties. Elemental iodine has antimicrobial effects, its solutions are widely used for the treatment of wounds, the preparation of the operative field, and so on. Etc .; when applied to the skin and mucous membranes, they are irritating and can cause reflex changes in the organism.

Soaked, iodine actively influences the metabolism, strengthens the processes of dissimilation. Especially pronounced its effect on thyroid function, as it is involved in the synthesis of thyroxine. The daily body's need for iodine is 200 - 220 mg. With iodine deficiency occur violation of thyroxine synthesis and inhibition of thyroid function; introduction of iodine in these cases enhances the synthesis of thyroxine.

iodine preparations (see. Potassium iodide) block the accumulation of radioactive iodine in the thyroid gland and promote its excretion from the body.

Small doses of iodine (pill "Mikroyod") have an inhibitory effect on the formation of thyroid-stimulating hormone in the anterior pituitary. This property is used in the treatment of patients with hyperthyroidism [Tablets "Mikroyod phenobarbital" are excluded from the range of medicines. Excluded are also drug kaltsiyodin (sayodin).].

It was also found that iodine affects lipid and protein metabolism. When using drugs iodine in patients with atherosclerosis tends to lower cholesterol in the blood and increase of lecithin-cholesterol ratio, also observed a decrease in lipoproteins. Under the influence of drugs iodine increases lipoproteinaznaya and fibrinolytic activity of the blood, it is somewhat reduced blood clotting.

Reflex increased secretion of mucus glands in the airways and proteolytic action is due to the use of iodine preparations as expectorants and mucolytics.

Provided iodine from the body mainly by the kidneys, partly to the gastrointestinal tract, sweat and mammary glands.