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Description drugs: Levamisole (Levamisolum)

Levamisole (Levamisolum). (-) 2, 3, 5, 6-Tetrahydro-6-fenilimidazo- [2, 1-b] thiazole hydrochloride.

White amorphous or crystalline powder. Easily soluble in water.

Synonyms: Adiafor, Ascaridil, Casydrol, Decaris , Ergamisol, Ketrax, Levasole, Levoripercol, Levotetramisol, Nilbutan, Sitrax, Tenisol and others.

Initially, this drug has been proposed as a sedative, as it is highly effective against ascarids (see. Anthelminthic). The therapeutic effect is observed also at necatoriasis, strongiloidoze partly at ankilostomidoze. Assign helminthoses once before going to bed: adult dose of 150 mg, 2 children, 5 mg per 1 kg of body weight. If necessary, repeat the treatment after 1 week. Dieting is not required.

Anthelmintic mechanism of action is based on the specific inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase, and therefore blocked the most important nematode reduction reaction fumarate and broken during the bioenergetic processes of worms.

When studying levamisole anthelmintic action it has been found that it increases the overall resistance and may be used as an agent for immunotherapy. The experiments on isolated cells and observation of healthy and sick people have shown that the drug is able to restore the altered function of T-lymphocytes and phagocytes, and because of its effect timomimeticheskogo can regulate cellular mechanisms of the immune system. More detailed studies have shown that levamisole, selectively stimulating the regulatory function of T-lymphocytes, may serve as an immunomodulator that can strengthen the weak reaction of cellular immunity, weaken the strong and not act normal.

Due to these properties, levamisole has been proposed for the treatment of various diseases, pathogenesis of which attach importance immunogenesis disorders: primary and secondary immune deficiencies, autoimmune diseases, chronic and recurrent infections, tumors and others.

The most studied effect of levamisole in rheumatoid arthritis. It refers to a basic drug means operates with prolonged use; effect develops slowly (starting around the 3rd month). Assign drug orally in a daily dose of 150 mg daily (sometimes give discontinuous courses for 3 consecutive days per week).

The therapeutic effect is also observed in patients with chronic nonspecific pulmonary diseases treated with levamisole 150 mg a day or 100 mg per day. Severe clinical outcomes and positive changes in immunological parameters were observed in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and pyelonephritis treated with levamisole 150 mg 3 times a week.