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Description of the medicine: Ganciclovir (Ganciclovir)

Ganciclovir. 9- (1,3-Dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl) guanine, or [[2-Hydroxy-1- (hydroxymethyl) ethoxy] methyl] guanine.

Produced in the form of monosodium salt.

Synonym: Cymevene.

White or almost white crystalline powder, soluble in water.

Ganciclovir is a new antiviral drug, close in structure to acyclovir. In comparison with acyclovir, ganciclovir is more effective and, in addition, acts not only on herpes viruses, but also on cytomegalovirus (CMV). In cells affected by CMV, ganciclovir is converted first into monophosphate, then into triphosphate, which inhibits the synthesis of DNA and replication of the virus.

Infections caused by CMV often cause serious complications (retinitis, pneumonia, colitis, etc.), in patients with immunodeficient conditions, including acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), after organ transplantation and bone marrow transplantation, with chemotherapy of malignant neoplasms . Ganciclovir is one of the first drugs proposed to treat such complications.

Apply ganciclovir in the form of intravenous infusion. Enter usually at a rate of 5 mg / kg at a constant rate for an hour, every 12 hours for 14 to 21 days (patients with impaired renal function).

Patients with immunodeficiency states and risk of recurrence of retinitis are administered at 6 mg / kg per day 5 times per week or 5 mg / kg per day daily.

In the treatment of ganciclovir, neutropenia and granulocytopenia may develop, so it is necessary to strictly monitor the blood picture during the treatment. Perhaps the side effect of the drug on the cardiovascular and nervous systems, the gastrointestinal tract, sometimes there is pruritus, alopecia, etc.

The drug is contraindicated in pregnancy and lactation, hypersensitivity to acyclovir.

Caution should be shown in patients with impaired renal function: the drug is mainly excreted in the urine and in violation of the excretory function of the kidneys, its excretion decreases significantly.

Do not prescribe ganciclovir at the same time as other drugs that cause neutropenia. In the absence of acute need, it is also inappropriate to combine ganciclovir with the use of other medications.

Ganciclovir solutions have an alkaline reaction (pH 9, 0 - 11, 0); They should be injected strictly into the vein, slowly.

Form release: in the form of lyophilized powder in vials containing 0.546 g (546 mg) of sodium ganciclovir, which corresponds to 0.5 g (500 mg) of ganciclovir base.

The solutions are prepared on sterile water for injection immediately before use. The finished solution can be stored in the refrigerator for 24 hours.

Storage: in a cool, dark place.