Description medicine: Metronidazole (Metronidazolum)

Metronidazole (Metronidazolum). 1- (b -Oksietil) -2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole. Synonyms: Ginalgin, Clione, Orvagil, Trichopolum, flags, Atrivyl, Clont, Efloran, Entizol , Flagyl, Flegyl, Filmet, Gineflavir, Gynalgin, Klion, Metronidazole, Metronil, Orvagil, Trichazol, Trichex, Trichopol, Tricocet, Tricom, Trivasol, Vagimid, Zoacid and others.

White or slightly greenish crystalline powder. It is soluble in water, it is difficult - in alcohol.

It has a broad spectrum of activity against protozoa, suppresses the development of Trichomonas vaginalis, Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia. High activity of metronidazole found in recent years in respect of obligate anaerobic bacteria (sporo- and asporogenous). The relationship of aerobic bacteria and fungi drug activity.

Metronidazole is well absorbed when taken orally, into the organs and tissues, it passes through the placenta and the blood-brain barrier and accumulates in the liver. The half-life 8 - 10 hours. Completely eliminated from the body within 1 - 2 days after administration.

Mainly excreted in the urine unchanged and as metabolites (metabolites in the urine of lupus okpashivayut kopichnevy-color) and partly excreted in the feces.

Metronidazole is widely used for the treatment of acute and chronic trichomoniasis in women and men. The inside of 0.25 g of 2 - 3 times a day for 7 - 10 days. In severe cases, the dosage is increased in the 1 st day of treatment to 2 g (3 - 4 admission). The total duration of treatment 7 - 10 days.

Assign also in the following doses: 1 day - 0.5 g 2 times (every 12 hours), the 2nd day - 0.25 g of 3 times (after 8 hours), the next 4 days - 0.25 g of 2-fold (at 12 hr). The total dose per course for adults 3, '75 pills swallow without chewing.

Assign also different scheme: 0.25 g 2 times per day (one tablet in the morning and evening during or after meals) for 10 days; women except ingestion administered in the evening for one vaginal suppository or a vaginal tablet comprising 0.5 g of metronidazole.

In most cases, Trichomonas disappears from the urethra in men in the 1 st day after the start of treatment, and for women from the vagina - on the 2nd day. To eliminate the possibility of reinfection, carried out simultaneous treatment partners. If necessary, repeat the treatment after 4 - 6 weeks.

Metronidazole is prescribed for giardiasis, and amebiasis. The dose for adults: Giardiasis - 0.25g (1 tablet) 2 - 3 times a day for 5 days; at amebiasis - adults of 0.25 g of 2 - 3 times a day for children - smaller doses from 2 to 5 years - 0.25 g per day, from 5 to 10 years - 0,375 g, from 10 to 15 years - 0.5 g per day; taken with food in 1 - 2 admission. amoebiasis Treatment usually lasts 10 days.

There is evidence of the successful use of metronidazole in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. The drug is prescribed for 7 days for adults 0.2 g 4 times a day; children - 0.1 grams 3 times per day, then after 7 - day break - 14 days for adults 0.2 g three times a day for children - 0.1 g 2 times a day.

Applied also metronidazole for acute ulcerative gingivitis.

There are also some data on the effectiveness of metronidazole in the treatment of patients with gastric ulcer.