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Description drugs: Ondansetron (Ondansetron)

Ondansetron (Ondansetron).

4H-carbazol-4-one, 1,2,3,9-tetrahydro-9-methyl-3 - [(2-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl) methyl].

Available in the form of the monohydrochloride.

Synonyms: Zofran, Latran, Ondazan, Osetron, Emeset, Emetron, Emeset, Latran, Ondansetron, Ondasan , Osetron, Zofran.

White or almost crystalline powder. Soluble in water.

It has antiemetic effect, due to the blocking of the peripheral and central serotonin (5-HT3) receptor (see. Serotonin).

If ingestion is well absorbed, bioavailability of approximately 56%, with max - at intravenous and oral administration - respectively 10 min and 1.7 h, T1 / 2 - 3.0-5.5 hours; biotransformation in the liver, kidneys displayed mainly in the form of metabolites.

Apply with vomiting associated with chemotherapy or radiation therapy of malignant tumors in the postoperative period. It prevents or eliminates vomiting.

Administered intravenously, intramuscularly, orally and rectally.

In moderate emetogenic chemotherapy or radiotherapy administered 0.008 g (8 mg) intravenously before the start of the course, or the inside of the ½-2 hours before the start of the course and after 8-12 h after the course, or 0,016 g (16 mg) rectally for 1- 2 hours before the start of the course, or infusion of 0.032 g (32 mg) for 15 min to 30 min rate, or 0.15 mg / kg, 3 times - up to 30 minutes and then at 4 and 8 hours after the course.

For the prevention of nausea and vomiting later introduced into the interior of 0.008 g of 2 times a day, or rectally 0.016 g (16 mg), 1 times a day for 1-2 days (3-5 days) after the end of chemotherapy.

Doses are selected individually depending on the effect and tolerability.

Children are introduced into the vein at the rate of 5 mg / square meter of body surface; for preventing emesis are administered in tablets of 0.004 g (4 mg), 2 times a day.

In applying the drug may be headache, diarrhea or constipation, dry mouth, hiccups, liver failure, disturbance of accommodation, paresthesia, extrapyramidal disorder, hypotension, arrhythmia, bronchospasm, allergic skin reactions.

Contraindications: hepatic impairment; I trimester of pregnancy, breast-feeding.

Product: tablets of 0.004 and 0.008 g (4 and 8 mg) (N. 10); rectal suppositories for 0,004; 0.008 and 0.016 g (4, 8, and 16 mg); 0.08% syrup in bottles of 50 ml; 0.2% solution in vials of 2 ml and 4.

Storage: List B.