Description of the medicine: Paclitaxel (Paclitaxel)

PAKLITAXEL (Paclitaxel).

A naturally occurring substance (C ₄₇ H ₅₁ NO ₁₄ ) is a diterpenoid with a complex "taxane" tricyclic nucleus.

Synonyms: Abitaxel, Intaksel, Mitotax, Taxol, Yutaksan, Intaxel, Taxol, Yewtaxan.

First isolated in 1971 from the bark of the yew tree Taxus brevifolia. Currently, they are also produced semi-synthetically and synthetically. A chemical modification of the paclitaxel molecule created a drug close to it, docetaxel (taxotere), which has somewhat more activity.

White or almost white crystalline powder. Insoluble in water.

According to the mechanism of cytostatic action, the preparation differs from vinca alkaloids (vinblastine, vincristine and colchicine) in that it not only does not inhibit, but also stimulates the formation of microtubules.

Applied in ovarian cancer (including with resistance to platinum), breast, lung, esophagus and some other tumors.

Assign intravenously in the form of long infusions (3 or 24 hours) at doses of 175-200 mg / m ² (with combined regimens - 135-150 mg / m ² ) once in 3 weeks.

Solution for infusion is prepared on a 5% solution of glucose or isotonic (0.9%) solution of sodium chloride to a concentration of 0.3-1.2 mg in 1 ml.

When using the drug relatively often develops leukopenia or neutropenia, thrombocytopenia; Possible tachycardia, arterial hypotension, arrhythmias, arthralgia, myalgia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, peripheral neuropathy, impaired liver function, mesenteric mesenteric thrombosis, encephalopathy, paresthesia, alopecia, allergic reactions.

To improve the tolerance, it is recommended that glucocorticosteroids (dexamethasone) and antihistamines be premedicated.

Contraindications: leukopenia, infectious diseases, abnormal liver function, IHD, arrhythmia, pregnancy, breast-feeding.

In case of contact with the skin, rinse thoroughly with soap and water.

Form release: 0.6% concentrate for infusions in bottles of 5, 17 and 35 ml.

Storage: List B.