Description of the medicine: Dipheninum (Dipheninum)

Dipheninum.

A mixture of 5, 5-diphenylhydantoin and sodium hydrogencarbonate (85:15 ratio).

Synonyms of diphenylhydantoin and its sodium salt: Alepsin, Dihydantoin, Dilantin sodium, Diphedan, Diphentoin, Epanutin, Eptoin, Hydantal, Hydantoinal, Phenhydon, Phenytoinum, Sodanton, Solantoin, Solantyl, Zentropil and others.

White crystalline powder. Almost nerastvorim in the water; Soluble in 1% solutions of caustic alkalis.

Produced in the form of tablets containing 0.117 g of diphenine and 0.032 g of sodium bicarbonate. The action of these tablets corresponds to the action of diphenylhydantoin sodium.

Diphenine is a derivative of hydantoin, close in chemical structure to barbituric acid. Has an anticonvulsant effect without a pronounced hypnotic effect.

When ingested, it is absorbed at different rates. The peak concentration in blood plasma is observed after 3 to 12 hours. After absorption, it is quickly distributed in different organs and tissues, including brain tissues. Strongly bound by plasma proteins. Less than 5% is excreted in the urine unchanged, the rest is metabolized by liver enzymes. The main metabolite (paraoxyphenyl derivative) is inactive, excreted with bile, and also with urine in the form of glucuronide.

Diphenine is used for the treatment of epilepsy, mainly with large seizures.

Assign inside. To avoid irritation of the gastric mucosa (due to an alkaline reaction) taken during or after a meal.

Adults usually appoint 1/2 to 1 tablet 2-3 times a day. If necessary, the daily dose is increased to 3-4 tablets.

Higher doses for adults: single 3 tablets, daily 8 tablets.

Children under 5 years are given 1/4 tablets of diphenine 2 times a day, 5 to 8 years - 1/4 tablets 3-4 times a day, over 8 - 1/2 - 1 tablet 2 times a day.

With insufficient efficiency of difenin simultaneously prescribe phenobarbital or another antiepileptic drug.

Diphenin is effective in some forms of cardiac arrhythmias, especially in arrhythmias caused by an overdose of cardiac glucosites (see Antiarrhythmics)

In connection with the overwhelming effect on vestibular reflexes, diphenine can have a beneficial effect in some forms of Menier's syndrome.

When treating diphenin, there may be side effects: dizziness, agitation, fever, difficulty breathing, nausea, vomiting, tremor, ataxia, nystagmus, allergic reactions (skin rash, itching, etc.), lymphadenopathy, hirsutism, etc. Relatively often develops Gingival hyperplasia.

With the expressed side effects, it is necessary to gradually reduce the dose or stop the use of the drug.

Isoniazid and its derivatives, levomitsetin, coumarins, acetylsalicylic acid, teturam inhibit the biotransformation of diphenine and can enhance its side effects. On the contrary, phenobarbital, carbamazepine accelerate its metabolism.

Diphenine is contraindicated in cases of liver, kidney, heart failure, cachexia.