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Description medications: diphenhydramine (Dimedrolum)
Diphenhydramine (Dimedrolum). b -Dimetilaminoetilovogo benzhydrol ester hydrochloride.
Cinonimy: Alledryl, Allergan, Allergival, Amidryl, Benadryl, Benzhydraminum, Diabenyl, Dimedryl, Dimidril, Diphenhydramine, Diphenhydramini hydrochloridum, Diphenhydramine hydrochloride, Restamin and others.
The white crystalline powder bitter taste; It numbs the tongue. Hygroscopic. Easily soluble in water, very easily - in alcohol. Aqueous solutions (pH 1% solution 5 0 - 6 5) sterilized at 100 "C for 30 min.
Diphenhydramine is one of the main representatives of the group protivogistaminnyh drugs that block H 1 receptors. He has a very pronounced antihistaminic activity. Furthermore, it has local anesthetic action relaxes smooth muscles by direct spasmolytic action blocks moderately cholinergic autonomic ganglia.
Diphenhydramine is well absorbed when taken orally. It penetrates through the blood-brain barrier.
An important feature is its dimedrol sedative action which has some similarities with the action of neuroleptic agents; in appropriate doses, it has hypnotic effect. It is also a moderate antiemetic. In dimedrol action on the nervous system is essential, along with the impact on histamine receptors (possibly H 3 receptors of the brain), its central holinoliticheskoy activity.
Diphenhydramine is used mainly in the treatment of hives, hay fever, serum sickness, hemorrhagic vasculitis (kapillyarotoksikoz), vasomotor rhinitis, angioedema, itching dermatoses, acute iridocyclitis, allergic conjunctivitis and other allergic diseases, allergic complications from taking various medications, including antibiotics .
Like other protivogistaminnye drugs, diphenhydramine is used to treat radiation sickness.
In bronchial asthma diphenhydramine relatively few active, but it can be given at this disease in combination with theophylline, ephedrine and other drugs.
Sometimes diphenhydramine is used for gastric ulcer and gastritis giperatsidnom, however, are much more active H2-receptor blockers (see. Cimetidine, ranitidine) in this disease.
Diphenhydramine (as well as other H 1 receptor blockers) can be used to reduce side reactions by blood transfusion and blood fluids, when used, and other enzyme preparations.
Applied also diphenhydramine chorea, sea and air sickness, vomiting of pregnancy, Meniere's syndrome. The therapeutic effect of the drug in these diseases may find an explanation in its sedative and central holinoliticheskogo. On antiemetic activity more effective than dimedrolom is its complex salt with hlorteofillinom (dimenhydrinate).
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