Description drugs: carbamazepine (Carbamazepinum)

Carbamazepine (Carbamazepinum). 5-carbamoyl-5H-dibenz (6, f) azepine.

Synonyms: Stazepin, Tegretol, Finlepsin, Amizepin, Carbagretil, Carbamazepin, Carbazep , Finlepsin, Mazetol, Neurotol, Simonil, Stazepin, Tegretal, Tegretol, Temporal, Zeptol and others.

White crystalline solid. Insoluble in water.

The chemical structure is derived iminostilbena containing the 6-position a carbamoyl group that basically detects the anticonvulsant activity of the drug.

Structurally similar to carbamazepine, tricyclic antidepressants group dibenzoazepina (see. Imipramine).

Carbamazepine has a pronounced anticonvulsant (antiepileptic) and moderate antidepressant (timolepticheskoe) and normotimicheskoe action.

The mechanism of action of carbamazepine play a role of its GABAergic properties (see. Atsediprol), as well as interaction with the central adenosine receptors.

When administered vsysyvaetsya at different speeds in different 6olnyh. Peak plasma concentrations observed after 4-8 hours and lasts up to 24 hours. The half-life period in blood plasma ranges from 10 to 20 hours.

Applied carbamazepine in psychomotor epilepsy, large seizures, mixed forms (mainly in combination with psychomotor seizures of large displays), local forms of (post-traumatic and postentsefaliticheskogo origin). For small seizures is not sufficiently effective.

Assign inwards (during eating) for adults, starting with 0.1 g (01.02 tablet) 2-3 times a day, gradually increasing the dose up to 0.4 - 1, r 2 (4 - 6 tablets) per day.

The average daily dose for children is 20 mg per 1 kg of body weight, ie, an average age of 1 year from 0.1 to 0.2 g per day..; from 1 to 5 years 0.2 - 0.4 g; from 5 to 10 years-of 0.4 - 0.6 g; from 10 to 15 years - 0.6 g 1 per day.

You can assign carbamazepine in combination with other antiepileptic medications.

Just as the use of other anti-epileptic drugs, treatment karbamazelinom transition must be gradual, with decreasing doses previous preparation. Discontinuation of therapy with carbamazepine should be also gradually.

There is evidence of efficacy in a number of cases, patients with various hyperkinesis. The starting dose of 0.1 g of gradually (within 4 - 5 days) increased to 0.4 - 1 2 g per day. After 1 - 4 weeks. dose was reduced to 0.1 - 0.2 g per day, then the same dose administered daily or every other day for 1 - 2 weeks.

Applied also carbamazepine for the treatment of affective disorders. According to reports, the drug is effective in manic-depressive states, and its effect is more pronounced when the manic syndrome than in depression. However depressed against attacks it has a preventive effect. In some cases, carbamazepine more effective than drugs lithium and less toxic. In combination with lithium may intensify the neurotoxic side effects.

Carbamazepine has an analgesic effect with trigeminal neuralgia.