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Description medications: Anesthocaine

Novocaine (Novocainum). b -Dietilaminoetilovogo para amino benzoic acid ester hydrochloride.

Synonyms: Aethocain, Allocaine, Ambocain, Aminocaine , Anesthocaine, Atoxicain, Cerocain, Chemocain, Citocain, Ethocaine, Genocaine, Herocaine, Isocain, Jenacain, Marecaine, Minocain, Naucain, Neocaine, Pancain, Paracaine, Planocaine, Polocainum, Procaine, Procaini hydrochloridum , Procaine hydrochloride, Protocaine, Sevicaine, Syncaine, Syntocain, Topocaine and others.

Colourless crystals or a white crystalline powder and odorless. It is very easily soluble in water (1: 1) is readily soluble in alcohol (1: 8). Aqueous solutions are sterilized at + 100 C for 30 min. novocaine solutions are easily hydrolyzed in an alkaline medium. To stabilize the added 0.1N. hydrochloric acid to pH 3 8 - 4 5.

Novocaine was synthesized in 1905. For a long time it was the main local anesthetic applied in surgical practice. Compared to modern local anesthetics (lidocaine, bupivacaine, etc.), It has a less powerful anesthetic activity. However, due to the relatively low toxicity, a large therapeutic breadth and additional valuable pharmacological properties, can be used in various fields of medicine, he still has a wide application.

Unlike cocaine addiction novocaine phenomenon causes.

In addition to local anesthetic action novocaine in intake and direct injection into the blood stream has a general effect on the body: reduces the formation of acetylcholine and reduces the excitability of peripheral holinoreaktivnyh systems, providing blocking effect on the autonomic ganglia, reduces spasms of smooth muscles, reduces the excitability of heart muscle and motor areas of the cortex of brain.

Inside the novocaine relatively quickly hydrolyzed to form para-aminobenzoic acid and diethylaminoethanol.

The decay products of novocaine - pharmacologically active substances. para-aminobenzoic acid (vitamin H 1) is part of folic acid molecule; It is also part of a bound state of the other compounds found in plant and animal tissues. For bacteria para-aminobenzoic acid is a "growth factor". On chemical structure similar to the part of the molecule sulfonamides; Enter the latest in a competitive relationship, para-aminobenzoic acid weakens their antibacterial action (see. Sulfanilamidnye drugs). Novocaine as a derivative of para-amino benzoic acid also has antisulfanilamidnoe action. Dietilaminoetanol has mild vasodilating properties.

Novocaine widely used for local anesthesia - mainly for infiltration; for surface anesthesia was little suitable as slowly permeates through intact mucous membranes. Widely designate novocaine and therapeutic blockade.

For infiltration benzocaine apply 0.25 - 0.5% solutions; anesthesia method AV Vishnevsky (tight creeping infiltration) 0,125 - 0.25% solutions; for conduction anesthesia - 1 - 2% solutions; for epidural - 2% solution (20 - 25 ml).